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Spring框架核心(3) : 事务管理 & SSH整合

2017-04-18  本文已影响173人  奋斗的老王

一> 程序中事务控制

  1. 环境准备 : 用户访问—》Action --》 Service---》Dao
  1. 事务控制概述

【细粒度的事务控制: 可以对指定的方法、指定的方法的某几行添加事务控制】(比较灵活,但开发起来比较繁琐: 每次都要开启、提交、回滚.)

二> 声明式事务管理

public class DeptDao {
    // 容器注入JdbcTemplate对象
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;
    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
        this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }
    public void save(Dept dept){
        String sql = "insert into t_dept (deptName) values(?)";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,dept.getDeptName());
    }
}
  1. DeptService
public class DeptService {
    
    // 容器注入dao对象
    private DeptDao deptDao;
    public void setDeptDao(DeptDao deptDao) {
        this.deptDao = deptDao;
    }

    /*
     * 事务控制?
     */
    public void save(Dept dept){
        // 第一次调用
        deptDao.save(dept);
        
        int i = 1/0; // 异常: 整个Service.save()执行成功的要回滚
        
        // 第二次调用
        deptDao.save(dept);
    }
}
  1. App 测试类
@Test
    public void testApp() throws Exception {
        //容器对象
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("cn/itcast/a_tx/bean.xml");
        
        // 模拟数据
        Dept dept = new Dept();
        dept.setDeptName("测试: 开发部");
        
        DeptService deptService = (DeptService) ac.getBean("deptService");
        deptService.save(dept);
        
    } 
  1. bean.xml (Spring声明式事务管理配置)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 1. 数据源对象: C3P0连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property>
        <property name="maxStatements" value="100"></property>
        <property name="acquireIncrement" value="2"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 2. JdbcTemplate工具类实例 -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 3. dao实例 -->
    <bean id="deptDao" class="cn.itcast.a_tx.DeptDao">
        <property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
    </bean>
 
    <!-- 4. service实例 -->
    <bean id="deptService" class="cn.itcast.a_tx.DeptService">
        <property name="deptDao" ref="deptDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- #############5. Spring声明式事务管理配置############### -->
    <!-- 5.1 配置事务管理器类 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 5.2 配置事务增强(如果管理事务?) -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/>
            <tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    
    <!-- 5.3 Aop配置: 拦截哪些方法(切入点表表达式) + 应用上面的事务增强配置 -->
    <aop:config>
        <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.itcast.a_tx.DeptService.*())" id="pt"/>
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>     
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 1. 数据源对象: C3P0连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property>
        <property name="maxStatements" value="100"></property>
        <property name="acquireIncrement" value="2"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 2. JdbcTemplate工具类实例 -->
    <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 事务管理器类 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 开启注解扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.itcast.b_anno"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 注解方式实现事务: 指定注解方式实现事务 -->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
</beans>     
- DeptService
@Service
public class DeptService {
    @Resource
    private DeptDao deptDao;
    /*
     * 事务控制
     */
    @Transactional
    public void save(Dept dept){
        deptDao.save(dept);
        int i = 1/0;
        deptDao.save(dept);
    }
}

三> 事务属性

@Transactional(
            readOnly = false,  // 读写事务
            timeout = -1,       // 事务的超时时间不限制
            noRollbackFor = ArithmeticException.class,  // 遇到数学异常不回滚
            isolation = Isolation.DEFAULT,              // 事务的隔离级别,数据库的默认
            propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED          // 事务的传播行为
    )
    public void save(Dept dept){
        deptDao.save(dept);
        int i = 1/0;
        deptDao.save(dept);
    }

四> Spring与Hibernate整合

public class DeptDao {
    // Spring与Hibernate整合: IOC容器注入
    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
    }
    // 保存一个记录
    // Spring与Hibernate整合:事务管理交给Spring
    public void save(Dept dept) {
        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(dept);
    }
}
public class DeptService {
    private DeptDao deptDao;
    public void setDeptDao(DeptDao deptDao) {
        this.deptDao = deptDao;
    }   
    public void save(Dept dept){
        deptDao.save(dept);
    }
}
public class App {
    // 容器
    private ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml");
    @Test
    public void testApp() throws Exception {
        DeptService deptServie = (DeptService) ac.getBean("deptService");
        System.out.println(deptServie.getClass());
        
        deptServie.save(new Dept());
    }
}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">

    <!-- dao 实例 -->
    <bean id="deptDao" class="cn.itcast.dao.DeptDao">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- service 实例 -->
    <bean id="deptService" class="cn.itcast.service.DeptService">
        <property name="deptDao" ref="deptDao"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 数据源配置 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///hib_demo"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property>
        <property name="maxStatements" value="100"></property>
        <property name="acquireIncrement" value="2"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- ###########Spring与Hibernate整合  start########### -->
    
    <!-- 方式(1)直接加载hibernate.cfg.xml文件的方式整合
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
    </bean>    -->
    
    <!-- 方式(2)连接池交给spring管理  【一部分配置写到hibernate中,一份分在spring中完成】 
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean> -->
    
    <!-- 【推荐】方式(3)所有的配置全部都在Spring配置文件中完成 -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 注入连接池对象 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        
        <!-- hibernate常用配置 -->
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        
        <!-- hibernate映射配置 
        <property name="mappingLocations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:cn/itcast/entity/*.hbm.xml</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        -->
        <property name="mappingDirectoryLocations">
            <list>
                <value>classpath:cn/itcast/entity/</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!-- ###########Spring与Hibernate整合  end########### -->
    
    <!-- 事务配置 -->
    <!-- a. 配置事务管理器类 -->
    <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- b. 配置事务增强(拦截到方法后如果管理事务?) -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <tx:method name="*" read-only="false"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>
    <!-- c. Aop配置 -->
    <aop:config>
         <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* cn.itcast.service.*.*(..))" id="pt"/>
         <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pt"/>
    </aop:config>
</beans>     

四> SSH整合

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