spring-boot学习笔记之Web拦截器
2016-01-20 本文已影响12482人
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spring-boot在web层面使用了spring mvc的拦截器功能,并没有做其他处理,故我们只要熟悉mvc的拦截器,自然而然可以将拦截器加入到spring-boot上
拦截器接口
package org.springframework.web.servlet;
public interface HandlerInterceptor {
boolean preHandle(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler)
throws Exception;
void postHandle(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView)
throws Exception;
void afterCompletion(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception;
}
我们可能注意到拦截器一个有3个回调方法,而一般的过滤器Filter才两个,这是怎么回事呢?马上分析。
preHandle****:预处理回调方法,实现处理器的预处理(如登录检查),第三个参数为响应的处理器(如我们上一章的Controller实现);
返回值:true表示继续流程(如调用下一个拦截器或处理器);
false表示流程中断(如登录检查失败),不会继续调用其他的拦截器或处理器,此时我们需要通过response来产生响应;
postHandle****:后处理回调方法,实现处理器的后处理(但在渲染视图之前),此时我们可以通过modelAndView(模型和视图对象)对模型数据进行处理或对视图进行处理,modelAndView也可能为null。
afterCompletion****:整个请求处理完毕回调方法,即在视图渲染完毕时回调,如性能监控中我们可以在此记录结束时间并输出消耗时间,还可以进行一些资源清理,类似于try-catch-finally中的finally,但仅调用处理器执行链中preHandle返回true的拦截器的afterCompletion。
拦截运行图
正常流程 中断流程中断流程中,比如是HandlerInterceptor2中断的流程(preHandle返回false),此处仅调用它之前拦截器的preHandle返回true的afterCompletion方法。
DispatcherServlet内部工作:
//doDispatch方法
//1、处理器拦截器的预处理(正序执行)
HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = mappedHandler.getInterceptors();
if (interceptors != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < interceptors.length; i++) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
if (!interceptor.preHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler())) {
//1.1、失败时触发afterCompletion的调用
triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
return;
}
interceptorIndex = i;//1.2、记录当前预处理成功的索引
}
}
//2、处理器适配器调用我们的处理器
mv = ha.handle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler());
//当我们返回null或没有返回逻辑视图名时的默认视图名翻译(详解4.15.5 RequestToViewNameTranslator)
if (mv != null && !mv.hasView()) {
mv.setViewName(getDefaultViewName(request));
}
//3、处理器拦截器的后处理(逆序)
if (interceptors != null) {
for (int i = interceptors.length - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
interceptor.postHandle(processedRequest, response, mappedHandler.getHandler(), mv);
}
}
//4、视图的渲染
if (mv != null && !mv.wasCleared()) {
render(mv, processedRequest, response);
if (errorView) {
WebUtils.clearErrorRequestAttributes(request);
}
//5、触发整个请求处理完毕回调方法afterCompletion
triggerAfterCompletion(mappedHandler, interceptorIndex, processedRequest, response, null);
// triggerAfterCompletion方法
private void triggerAfterCompletion(HandlerExecutionChain mappedHandler, int interceptorIndex,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Exception ex) throws Exception {
// 5、触发整个请求处理完毕回调方法afterCompletion (逆序从1.2中的预处理成功的索引处的拦截器执行)
if (mappedHandler != null) {
HandlerInterceptor[] interceptors = mappedHandler.getInterceptors();
if (interceptors != null) {
for (int i = interceptorIndex; i >= 0; i--) {
HandlerInterceptor interceptor = interceptors[i];
try {
interceptor.afterCompletion(request, response, mappedHandler.getHandler(), ex);
}
catch (Throwable ex2) {
logger.error("HandlerInterceptor.afterCompletion threw exception", ex2);
}
}
}
}
}
spring boot添加拦截器
- 方法一
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication application = new SpringApplication(Application.class);
// application.addListeners(new ApplicationListenerEnvironmentPrepared());
// application.addListeners(new ApplicationListenerFailed());
// application.addListeners(new ApplicationListenerPrepared());
// application.addListeners(new ApplicationListenerStarted());
application.run(args);
}
@Configuration
static class WebMvcConfigurer extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(new HandlerInterceptorAdapter() {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler) throws Exception {
request.getContextPath();
System.out.println("interceptor====");
return true;
}
}).addPathPatterns("/*");
}
}
}
- 方法二
@Configuration
public class WebMvcConfigurer extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
registry.addInterceptor(new HandlerInterceptorAdapter() {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("interceptor====222");
return true;
}
}).addPathPatterns("/*");
}
}
总结:只要能被springboot扫描到即可