RabbitMQ入门（简介-安装-代码实战）

2019-02-26 本文已影响112人欧阳馒头

1.简介

RabbitMQ是一个由erlang开发的基于AMQP（Advanced Message Queue）协议的开源实现。用于在分布式系统中存储转发消息，在易用性、扩展性、高可用性等方面都非常的优秀。是当前最主流的消息中间件之一。

2.下载erlang/rabbitmq-server

wget --content-disposition https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/erlang/packages/el/6/erlang-21.2.6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm/download.rpm

wget --content-disposition https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/packages/el/6/rabbitmq-server-3.7.12-1.el6.noarch.rpm/download.rpm

3.安装

rpm -ivh erlang-21.2.6-1.el6.x86_64.rpm

rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.7.12-1.el6.noarch.rpm

4.启动

service rabbitmq-server start （启动rabbitmq服务）
rabbitmqctl status（查看rabbitmq状态）

5.配置web 管理插件

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

[root@VM_0_7_centos software]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
Enabling plugins on node rabbit@VM_0_7_centos:
rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@VM_0_7_centos...
The following plugins have been enabled:
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

started 3 plugins.

6.访问

http://IP:15672/

image.png

7.创建用户

用户：guest guest （只能本地使用）
创建用户

rabbitmqctl add_user admin 123456  #添加用户名和密码
rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*" #修改权限
rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator  #添加用户角色

登录后查看web端:

MQ web端

8.常见问题

1.版本过高报错

#】 rpm -ivh erlang-21.0.6-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
warning: erlang-21.0.6-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 6026dfca: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.14)(64bit) is needed by erlang-21.0.6-1.el7.centos.x86_64
    libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.15)(64bit) is needed by erlang-21.0.6-1.el7.centos.x86_64
    libcrypto.so.10(OPENSSL_1.0.2)(64bit) is needed by erlang-21.0.6-1.el7.centos.x86_64

centos 7才支持这个版本，centos 6 需要降低erlang的安装版本

9.代码使用

spring boot 中应用

1.maven依赖

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.配置
application-dev.properties

spring.rabbitmq.host=IP
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=xx
spring.rabbitmq.password=pwd

@Configuration
public class RabbitConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue helloQueue() {
        return new Queue("hello");
    }
}

3.发送与监听

@Component
public class MQSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String context = "hello " + DateUtilS.getNowTimeString();
        System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("hello", context);
    }
}

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hello")
public class MQReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String hello) {
        System.out.println("Receiver : " + hello);
    }
}

4.测试
4.1 监听MQ消息
启动项目进行,看到如下打印说明成功连接到MQ

2019-02-26 13:21:57.412 [SimpleAsyncTaskExecutor-1] INFO  org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory -Created new connection: SimpleConnection@55100446 [delegate=amqp://xx@IP:5672/, localPort= 58664]

4.2 发送MQ消息

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@ComponentScan("com.byron")
@ActiveProfiles("dev")
public class MQTest{

    @Autowired
    private MQSender sender;

    @Test
    public void hello() throws Exception {
        sender.send();
    }

}

4.3结果
监听控制台打印如下

Receiver : hello 2019-02-26 13:23:46

web界面看MQ队列:

MQ队列

10.参考站点

10.1 官方

10.2 博客