2018-01-11 Hadoop Platform and A

2018-01-11 本文已影响0人鸭鸭学语言

Overview of the Types of Hadoop-based application:

Databases/Stores

Avro: It lets us use date structures within context of Hadoop MapReduce jobs, so process data very efficiently.

HBase: distributed non-relational database

Cassandra: distributed data management system

Querying

Pig: analyzing large data sets in HDFS, it has its own high-level language (Pig Latin) for you.

Hive: Query and manage large datasets in HDFS or in HBase, with a SQL-like interface.

Impala: High-performance and low-tatency query with SQL-like interface, providing from Cloudera VM (Hue).

Spark: General processing engine for streaming, SQL, machine learning and graph processing

Machine Learning/Graph Processing

Giraph: Iterative graph processing using Hadoop framework

Mahout: Framework for machine learning applications using Hadoop, Spark.

Spark: General processing engine for streaming, SQL, machine learning and graph processing

Apache Pig

Two componets:

Own script language - PigLatin. PigLatin can be embedded in host language like Java

Infrastructure Layer - it takes what we wrote in PigLatin, and transforms into back-end jobs of Tez or MapReduce, etc.

Usage:

extract / transform / load / handling "raw" data. more

Extendibility:

It has built-in operators and functions, as well as supporting us to write constant functions if we have complex processing to do.

Use cases:

Step1 . Put a passwd into HDFS

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ hadoop fs -put /etc/passwd /user/cloudera/

* Command "hadoop fs ..." == "hdfs dfs ..."

Step 2. With MapReduce as execution type and launch Pig inteactive shell "grunt"

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ pig -x mapreduce --> it use MapReduce to track data and print it out.

grunt>

Step 3. wrote PigLatin - PigLatin need ';' to end one command. Like below:

grunt> A = load '/user/cloudera/passwd' using PigStorage(':'); --> telling the deparator is colon

grunt> B = foreach A generate $0, $4, $5 ; --> doing the sub-setting part

grunt> dump B;

Step 4. Store B output into HDFS

grunt> store B into 'userinfo.out';

grunt> quit;

Step 5. Check the result

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ hdfs dfs -ls /user/cloudera/

Apache Hive

Two componets:

SQL Language - HiveQL.

Interactive Client - beeline / Hive own CLI / Hcatalog / WebHcat. It takes what we wrote in HiveQL, and transforms into back-end jobs of Tez or Spark, MapReduce, Yarn, etc.

Usage:

As Data warehouse software, handling data in HDFS, HBase. It can do:

Date mining, analytics

Machine Learning

Ad hoc analysis

Extendibility:

It has built-in operators and functions.

Use cases:

Step 1. Put a passwd into HDFS

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ hadoop fs -put /etc/passwd /tmp/

Step 2. lauch beeline with DB URL

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ beeline -u jdbc:hive2://

step 3. Create table 'userinfo'

Step 4. Overwrite table with the data from HDFS /tmp/passwd and then do querying

Apache HBase

Two componets:

SQL Language - like Hive, Spart, Impala.

Interactive Shell - hbase shell (Other options: HBase MapReduce / HBase API/ HBase External API). It takes what we wrote, and runs it on top of HDFS.

Usage:

Scalable data store as Non-relational distributed database

Feature:

Compression - lower the network traffic and the size of data on the disk

In-memory operations - MemStore, BlockCache

Consistency - data transation between ?? without intermediate changes

High Availability - spreads out "keys" across nodes/various regions, and it has its owne replication as well as HDFS replication mechanism.

Automatic Shareing - table is distributed in regions that could benifit performance

Security - authorization process for both client side and server side

Use cases:

Step 1. Launch hbase shell

[cloudera@quickstart ~]$ hbase shell