设置解答器约束

·运行时间约束
·解约束

1.为解答器设置运行时间约束
如果程序的运行时间太长了，我们可以设置程序的合理运行时间。调用函数为 solver.parameters.max_time_in_seconds 。以下是一个十秒运行时间的限制：

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

from ortools.sat.python import cp_model


def SolveWithTimeLimitSampleSat():
    """Minimal CP-SAT example to showcase calling the solver."""
    # Creates the model.
    model = cp_model.CpModel()
    # Creates the variables.
    num_vals = 3
    x = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'x')
    y = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'y')
    z = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'z')
    # Adds an all-different constraint.
    model.Add(x != y)

    # Creates a solver and solves the model.
    solver = cp_model.CpSolver()

    # Sets a time limit of 10 seconds.
    solver.parameters.max_time_in_seconds = 10.0

    status = solver.Solve(model)

    if status == cp_model.FEASIBLE:
        print('x = %i' % solver.Value(x))
        print('y = %i' % solver.Value(y))
        print('z = %i' % solver.Value(z))


SolveWithTimeLimitSampleSat()

2.给定解的数量终止运行
例子如下：

from __future__ import absolute_import
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import print_function

from ortools.sat.python import cp_model


class VarArraySolutionPrinterWithLimit(cp_model.CpSolverSolutionCallback):
    """Print intermediate solutions."""

    def __init__(self, variables, limit):
        cp_model.CpSolverSolutionCallback.__init__(self)
        self.__variables = variables
        self.__solution_count = 0
        self.__solution_limit = limit

    def on_solution_callback(self):
        self.__solution_count += 1
        for v in self.__variables:
            print('%s=%i' % (v, self.Value(v)), end=' ')
        print()
        if self.__solution_count >= self.__solution_limit:
            print('Stop search after %i solutions' % self.__solution_limit)
            self.StopSearch()

    def solution_count(self):
        return self.__solution_count


def StopAfterNSolutionsSampleSat():
    """Showcases calling the solver to search for small number of solutions."""
    # Creates the model.
    model = cp_model.CpModel()
    # Creates the variables.
    num_vals = 3
    x = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'x')
    y = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'y')
    z = model.NewIntVar(0, num_vals - 1, 'z')

    # Create a solver and solve.
    solver = cp_model.CpSolver()
    solution_printer = VarArraySolutionPrinterWithLimit([x, y, z], 5)
    status = solver.SearchForAllSolutions(model, solution_printer)
    print('Status = %s' % solver.StatusName(status))
    print('Number of solutions found: %i' % solution_printer.solution_count())
    assert solution_printer.solution_count() == 5


StopAfterNSolutionsSampleSat()