时间计算NSDate/ NSCalendar/ NSTimeZo
2017-11-13 本文已影响56人
Brice_Zhao
概述
iOS 里获取时间的对象叫NSDate,通常可以使用一个[NSDate date]
来方便地初始化时间对象,但是这个初始化的时间对象生成的是GMT
时间,Greenwich Mean Time(GMT)即格林威治时间(世界‘零’时区的时间),也就是说如果你本地的时区是(+8时区北京)的话,就应该比这个时间要多走8个小时。
1、 那如果想要获取当前手机上正在显示的时间怎么办呢?比较好的方法是通过NSTimeZone
+ (NSDate *)systemDate {
NSDate *utcDate = [NSDate date];
NSTimeZone *zone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];
NSTimeInterval timeInterval = [zone secondsFromGMTForDate: utcDate];
NSDate *sysDate = [date dateByAddingTimeInterval: timeInterval];
return sysDate;
}
2、 如果仅仅只是获取手机当前显示时间的字符串,通过NSDateFormatter就够了
NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
formatter.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss";
NSString *sysDate = [formatter stringFromDate: [NSDate date]];
3、 按照第2条的结果,如果向服务器传时间参数,以 @{@"startTime":startTime, @"endTime":endTime};
的格式传一个开始时间和一个结束时间的话,可以这样
// num 是开始时间距离现在的天数
NSDate *startDate = [[NSDate date] dateByAddingTimeInterval:- 24 * 3600 * num];
NSDate *endDate = [[NSDate date] dateByAddingTimeInterval: 1];
NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc]init];
formatter.dateFormat = @"yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss";
NSString *startString = [formatter stringFromDate: startDate];
NSString *endString = [formatter stringFromDate: endDate];
NSArray *arr = @[startString, endString];
4、 但是如果是从服务器拿到一个UTC的时间字符串数组要全部转化成本地的时间的话,就得用到NSTimeZone了
+ (NSString *)getLocalDateFromUTCDate:(NSString *)utcStr formatter:(NSDateFormatter *)dateFormatter {
//传入一个NSDateFormatter的原因是考虑到性能
dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:@"UTC"];
NSDate *utcDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString: utcStr];
dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone localTimeZone];
NSString *dateString = [dateFormatter stringFromDate:utcDate];
return dateString;
}
5、 相反的如果想要把本地的时间字符串转成UTC的时间字符串,(By the way)上传到服务器的时间通常是UTC时间,这样无论在手机系统内选择什么时区,上传的时间都是零
时区的时间
+ (NSString *)getUTCStrFormateLocalStr:(NSString *)localStr formatter:(NSDateFormatter *)dateFormatter {
//这里localStr 注意是手机系统的本地时间
dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];
NSDate *localDate = [dateFormatter dateFromString: localStr];
dateFormatter.timeZone = [NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:@"UTC"];
NSString *dateString = [dateFormatter stringFromDate: localDate];
return dateString;
}
6、 当需要距现在手机系统的时间 num 天之前的时间时
+ (NSDate *)passedDateWithCount:(NSInteger)num
{
NSDate *date = [[NSDate systemDate] dateByAddingTimeInterval: - 24 * 3600 * num];
return date;
}
7、 得到这个月的第一天和最后一天
+ (NSArray *)getMonthFirstAndLastDay:(NSDate *)date
{
double interval = 0;
NSDate *firstDate = nil;
NSDate *lastDate = nil;
NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar];
BOOL OK = [calendar rangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitMonth startDate:& firstDate interval:&interval forDate:date];
if (OK) {
lastDate = [firstDate dateByAddingTimeInterval: interval];
}else {
return @[@"",@""];
}
return @[firstDate, lastDate];
}
8、 距离现在过去了多久时间,常用于类似发朋友圈、发状态下面的时间提醒文字,这个方法的调用者对象传进来 的是一个UTC的NSDate对象
- (NSString *)coverDateBeforeNow:(NSDate *)pastDate
{
if (self == nil) {
return @"无记录";
}
NSTimeZone *zone = [NSTimeZone systemTimeZone];
NSTimeInterval time = [zone secondsFromGMTForDate: pastDate];
NSDate *sysDate = [pastDate dateByAddingTimeInterval: time];
NSTimeInterval timeInterval = [sysDate timeIntervalSinceNow];
timeInterval = - timeInterval;
long temp = 0;
NSString *result = nil;
if (timeInterval < 60) {
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"刚刚"];
}
else if((temp = timeInterval/60) <60){
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld分钟前",temp];
}
else if((temp = temp/60) <24){
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld小时前",temp];
}
else if((temp = temp/24) <30){
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld天前",temp];
}
else if((temp = temp/30) <12){
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld月前",temp];
}
else{
temp = temp/12;
result = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld年前",temp];
}
return result;
}
9、根据给定的NSDate计算这个日期所在的月份的第一天的Date和最后一天的Date
+ (NSArray *)getMonthFirstAndLastDay:(NSDate *)date
{
double interval = 0;
NSDate *firstDate = nil;
NSDate *lastDate = nil;
NSCalendar *calendar = [NSCalendar currentCalendar];
BOOL OK = [calendar rangeOfUnit:NSCalendarUnitMonth startDate:& firstDate interval:&interval forDate:date];
if (OK) {
lastDate = [firstDate dateByAddingTimeInterval:interval];
}else {
return @[@"",@""];
}
return @[firstDate, lastDate];
}
10、根据给定NSDate计算该日期是星期几
+ (NSString*)weekdayStringFromDate:(NSDate*)inputDate
{
NSArray *weekdays = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: [NSNull null], @"0", @"1", @"2", @"3", @"4", @"5", @"6", nil];
NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSCalendarIdentifierGregorian];
NSTimeZone *timeZone = [[NSTimeZone alloc] initWithName:@"Asia/Shanghai"];
[calendar setTimeZone: timeZone];
NSCalendarUnit calendarUnit = NSCalendarUnitWeekday;
NSDateComponents *theComponents = [calendar components:calendarUnit fromDate:inputDate];
return [weekdays objectAtIndex:theComponents.weekday];
}