弗拉维亚港, 苏尔西斯-伊格莱西恩特, 撒丁岛, 意大利
弗拉维亚港, 苏尔西斯-伊格莱西恩特, 撒丁岛, 意大利
大多数港口依赖延伸至海岸线的码头与吊车来进行货物装载，而波尔图弗拉维亚则完全反其道而行之。这一工程奇迹将一座石灰岩峭壁变成了撒丁岛矿石产业的门户。苏尔西斯-伊格莱西恩特的采矿历史可以追溯至几千年前，从腓尼基人、古罗马人一直延续到 20 世纪的工业繁荣时期。这里曾大量开采铅、锌、煤、硫磺、重晶石和银等矿产。但运输这些矿物却是一场噩梦：矿石需先用推车运至小船，再从小船转运至大型货船，过程缓慢、成本高昂、效率低下。
1924 年，意大利工程师切萨雷·维切利彻底改变了该地区的矿石运输方式。他将波托弗拉维亚设计成一套嵌入石灰岩峭壁的隧道和筒仓系统，使矿石能直接装入停靠在悬崖下的货船。该设施由两层隧道构成：上层设有9个矿石储仓，可容纳多达11000短吨的矿石。矿石通过重力滑道运至下层隧道，然后由传送带直接装上等候的船只。该港口以维切利的女儿弗拉维亚命名，一直使用到 20 世纪中叶采矿业衰落。如今，游客可以探索其隧道、巨大料仓，以及曾有船只停靠的装载平台，感受那曾将撒丁岛矿产送往世界各地的海风。
Port of Flavia, Sulcis-Iglesionte, Sardinia, Italy
Most ports rely on docks and cranes extending to the coastline for cargo loading, while Porto Flavia does the opposite. This engineering miracle turns a limestone cliff into a gateway to the Sardinian ore industry. The mining history of Sursis-Iglesiont can be traced back thousands of years, from the Phoenicians and the Romans to the industrial boom in the 20th century. A large amount of minerals such as lead, zinc, coal, sulfur, barite and silver were mined here. But transporting these minerals is a nightmare: the ore must be transported to the small boat by cart first, and then transferred from the small boat to a large cargo ship. The process is slow, expensive and inefficient.
In 1924, Italian engineer Cesare Vecelli completely changed the way ore transport was carried in the region. He designed Portoflavia as a system of tunnels and silos embedded in limestone cliffs, allowing the ore to be loaded directly into cargo ships docked under the cliffs. The facility consists of two-story tunnels: the upper floor has nine ore storage bins that can accommodate up to 11,000 short tons of ore. The ore is transported to the lower tunnel through a gravity slide, and then directly loaded onto the waiting ship by a conveyor belt. The port was named after Flavia, the daughter of Viceri, and was used until the decline of the mining industry in the mid-20th century. Today, visitors can explore its tunnels, huge silos, and loading platforms where ships once docked, and feel the sea breeze that once sent Sardinian minerals to all over the world.
