从句

[TOC]

中英文切换公式 从句.png

从句

从句可分为

• 名词性从句
  • 主语从句
  • 宾语从句
  • 表语从句
  • 同位语从句
• 定语从句
• 状语从句

名词性从句

主语从句

陈述

that作为引导词，无词义，不充当成分，==不可以省略==。

That you love me is problem. 你喜欢我是一个难题。

疑问

我们什么时候开会是一个问题。
变化1:When will we hold a meeting is a question. 转疑问语序
变化2:We will hold a meeting when is a question. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:When we will hold a meeting is a question. 引导词提前

谁将会赢得比赛还是不得而知。
Who will win the game is still unknow.

我什么时候结婚是不确定的。
When will I get married is uncertain. 转疑问语序
I will get married when is uncertain. 恢复陈述语序
When I will get married is uncertain. 引导词提前

宾语从句

陈述

that作为引导词，无词义，不充当成分，==可以省略==。

I know that you like me. 我知道你喜欢我。

疑问

变化规则：

我想知道他是谁。
变化1:I want to know who is he. 转疑问语序
变化2:I want to know he is who. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:I want to know who he is. 引导词提前

我想知道你为什么喜欢我
变化1:I want to know why do you like me. 转疑问语序
变化2:I want to know you like me why. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:I want to know why you like me. 引导词提前

我想知道他什么时候来的。
变化1:I want to know when did he come. 转疑问语序
变化2:I want to know he came when. 恢复陈述语序
变化2:I want to know when he came. 引导词提前

表语从句

陈述

that作为引导词，无词义，不充当成分，==不可以省略==。

The truth is that I like him. 事实是我喜欢他。

疑问

我的问题是他是谁。
变化1:My question is who is he. 转疑问语序
变化2:My question is he is who. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:My question is who he is. 引导词提前

我的问题是你为什么喜欢我。
变化1:My question is why do you like me. 转疑问语序
变化2:My question is you like me why. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:My question is why you like me. 引导词提前

我的问题是你喜欢吃什么。
变化1:My question is what do you like to eat. 转疑问语序
变化2:My question is you like to eat what. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:My question is what you like to eat. 引导词提前

同位语从句

解释其前面的名词的具体内容。

常见的需要解释的名词：advice, doubt, fact, hope, idea, information, message, truth ...

陈述

that作为引导词，无词义，不充当成分，==不可以省略==。

The message that Tom has a girlfriendd is false. 这个消息，汤姆有女朋友，是假的。

Your advice that I should dump him is right. 你的建议，我应该甩了他，是对的。

疑问

这个问题，生命是如何起源的，是有意义的。
变化1:The question how did life begin is meaningful. 转疑问语序
变化2:The question life began how is meaningful. 恢复陈述语序
变化3:The question how life began is meaningful 引导词提前

定语从句

限定性定语从句

定语从句是合并同类项的过程。

I know the girl.
The girl is crying.
I know the girl the girl is crying. 先行词the girl，关系代词who

The girl is my sister.
The girl is playing the piano.
The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.

This is the plane.
The plane crashed yesterday.
This is the plane which crashed yesterday.


Books are boring.
Books don't have pictures.
Books which don't have pictures are boring.

非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从可视为插入语，起补充说明作用。

I know Tom's wife, who lives in Beijing. 我认识汤姆的老婆，她住在北京。

I don't like the room, which is very cold.

Tom laughed at me, which made me angry.

I love Beijing, which is the capital of China.

He changed his mind, which made me very angry.

状语从句

时间状语从句

时间状语引导词：when, while, before, after, until

• when引导瞬间动作和延续性动作。
• while引导延续性动作。

When my dad came in, I was doing my homework.

While I was doing my homework, my dad came in.

After I had finished my homework, my dad came in.

地点状语从句

地点状语引导词：where

He traveled where I want to go.

原因状语从句

原因状语引导词：because, since, as

• because 表示直接原因，语气最强。
• since 侧重主语，显示已知原因。
• as 表示客观原因。

I love her because she is beautiful.

Since we don't have money, we can't buy it.

As it is raining, we can't go out to play.

目的状语从句

目的状语引导词：in order that, so that

• so that 表示“为了，以便”。

I will speak slowly so that you can understand me.

条件状语从句

条件状语引导词：if, unless

• if 表示“如果...就”。
• unless 表示“除非...否则”。

If it dosen't rain tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.

Unless it rains, we will go to the zoo.

结果状语从句

结果状语引导词：so...that, such...that

• so...that... 表示“如此...以至于”。
  • so + 形容词/副词 + that从句
  • so + 形容词 + a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句
  • so + many/much/few/little + 名词 + that从句
• such...that
  • such + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + that从句
  • such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词 + that从句

Jane is so beautiful that everyone loves her. 简是这么漂亮，以至于每个人都喜欢她。

Jane is so beautiful a girl that everyone loves her. 简是多么漂亮的一个女孩，以至于所有人都喜欢她。

Jane is such a beautiful girl that everyone loves her. 简是一个如此漂亮的女孩，以至于每个人都喜欢她。

Tom is so interesting teacher that every student likes him.

Tom is such an intersting teacher that every student likes him.

让步状语从句

让步状语引导词：although, though, even though, even if

He is unhappy although he has a lot of money. 虽然他有很多钱但他并不开心。

I will always love you even though you are ugly and poor. 即使你又丑又穷但我也会永远爱你。

方式状语从句

方式状语引导词：as, as if, as though, the way

He spoke as if he had witnessed it. 他说话的样子好像他亲眼目睹了。

We teach our children the way our parents have taught us. 我们以父母教导我们的方式教导我们的孩子。

比较状语从句

比较状语引导词：than, as...as

She is as beautiful as her mother.

Bill runs faster than his brother.