Rx中的线程切换
2015-12-07 本文已影响2965人
Hanks
初学者在使用RxJava的过程中，经常搞不清Observable的事件序列和每次操作应该怎样切换线程，切换哪个线程
首先需要搞懂在RxJava 中.subscribeOn() 和 observeOn() 之间的区别：
-
.subscribeOn()用来指定Observable应该操作的调度器(Scheduler) -
.observeOn()指定Observable在一个指定的调度器(Scheduler)上给观察者发送通知 - 默认情况下， 事件序列操作的线程与调用
.subscribe()的线程一致
没理解？
英文原文: https://medium.com/@diolor/observe-in-the-correct-thread-1939bb9bb9d2#.nn1m7lrb8</br>
翻译: hanks
注: 不是完全翻译,添加了具体例子
例子
1.主线程 / .subscribe() 线程
在 Activity的 onCreate()(主线程) 方法中添加以下代码：
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribe();
调用情况如下：
图片
实验:
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.doOnNext(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + integer +", run In :" + Thread.currentThread().getName() );
}
})
.subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + integer +", run In :" + Thread.currentThread().getName() );
}
});
输出结果:
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:1, run In :main
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:1, run In :main
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:2, run In :main
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:2, run In :main
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:3, run In :main
12-06 16:14:39.225 15603-15603/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:3, run In :main
2. .subscribeOn()
即使你在主线程中添加下面的代码，但是整段代码将运行在 .subscribeOn()定义的线程上
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribe();
图片
实验:
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.doOnNext(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + integer +", run In :" + Thread.currentThread().getName() );
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + integer +", run In :" + Thread.currentThread().getName() );
}
});
输出结果:
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:1, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:1, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:2, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:2, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:3, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:13:17.717 14294-14319/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:3, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
3. .observeOn()
加入在主线程中添加下面的代码，首先 Observable 将在 .subscribe() 的线程上创建，但是 .observeOn()方法被调用之后，代码将运行在指定的线程上：
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribe();
图片
实验:
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just(1, 2, 3).doOnNext(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + integer + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + integer + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果:
12-06 16:18:06.493 18584-18606/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:1, run In :Thread-155
12-06 16:18:06.493 18584-18606/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:2, run In :Thread-155
12-06 16:18:06.493 18584-18606/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:3, run In :Thread-155
12-06 16:18:06.521 18584-18584/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:1, run In :main
12-06 16:18:06.521 18584-18584/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:2, run In :main
12-06 16:18:06.521 18584-18584/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:3, run In :main
3. Combined logic
由于操作可以被组合使用,于是有了下面的代码：
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribe();
图片
实验:
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just(1, 2, 3).doOnNext(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + integer + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Action1<Integer>() {
@Override public void call(Integer integer) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + integer + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果:
12-06 16:19:53.066 20247-20274/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:1, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:19:53.066 20247-20274/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:2, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:19:53.066 20247-20274/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:3, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:19:53.077 20247-20247/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:1, run In :main
12-06 16:19:53.077 20247-20247/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:2, run In :main
12-06 16:19:53.077 20247-20247/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:3, run In :main
Tips / Gotchas:
1. “UI线程运行异常”
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribe(/** logic which touches ui **//); //在newThread中调用
obviously.
2. 逻辑处理放在后台(newThread)
错误姿势：
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.flatMap(/** logic which doesn't touch ui **//)
.subscribe();
实验:
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just("Android-Picasso", "Android-Glide", "Android-Fresco").doOnNext(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.flatMap(new Func1<String, Observable<String>>() {
@Override public Observable<String> call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "flatMap:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread());
return Observable.from(str.split("-") ); // 返回平方
}
})
.subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果:
12-06 16:43:00.181 8161-8190/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Picasso, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:43:00.181 8161-8190/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Glide, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:43:00.181 8161-8190/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Fresco, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Picasso, run In :Thread[main,5,main]
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Picasso, run In :main
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Glide, run In :Thread[main,5,main]
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Glide, run In :main
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Fresco, run In :Thread[main,5,main]
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:43:00.243 8161-8161/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Fresco, run In :main
正确姿势:
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.flatMap(/** logic which doesn't touch ui **//)
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe();
第二段代码中 flatMap (或者其他逻辑处理)将运行在后台线程， 如果是在Android中，这样做不会阻塞UI，阻塞UI的话有可能导致ANR之类的异常。这跟 AsyncTask中的 doInBackground()类似，在 doInBackground()中做耗时操作
实验:
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just("Android-Picasso", "Android-Glide", "Android-Fresco").doOnNext(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.flatMap(new Func1<String, Observable<String>>() {
@Override public Observable<String> call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "flatMap:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread());
return Observable.from(str.split("-") ); // 返回平方
}
})
.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())
.subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果:
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Picasso, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Picasso, run In :Thread[RxNewThreadScheduler-1,5,main]
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Glide, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Glide, run In :Thread[RxNewThreadScheduler-1,5,main]
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Fresco, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:41:27.025 6812-6839/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: flatMap:Android-Fresco, run In :Thread[RxNewThreadScheduler-1,5,main]
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Picasso, run In :main
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Glide, run In :main
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android, run In :main
12-06 16:41:27.043 6812-6812/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Fresco, run In :main
3. 最早的 .subscribeOn() 生效
看下面的代码：
Observable.just(1,2,3)
.subscribeOn(thread1)
.subscribeOn(thread2)
.subscribe();
Observable 的创建和 .subscribeOn() 的调用都将在 thread1 上面执行，所以没有必要多次调用 .subscribeOn(),因为只有第一次的是有用的。
实验:
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just("Android-Picasso", "Android-Glide", "Android-Fresco").doOnNext(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.computation())
.subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Picasso, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Picasso, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Glide, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Glide, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Fresco, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
12-06 16:51:17.581 15622-15652/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Fresco, run In :RxNewThreadScheduler-1
实验
new Thread() {
@Override public void run() {
Observable.just("Android-Picasso", "Android-Glide", "Android-Fresco").doOnNext(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "doOnNext:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
})
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.io())
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())
.subscribeOn(Schedulers.computation())
.subscribe(new Action1<String>() {
@Override public void call(String str) {
Log.i("RxThread", "get result:" + str + ", run In :" + Thread.currentThread()
.getName());
}
});
}
}.start();
输出结果
12-06 16:52:13.378 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Picasso, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
12-06 16:52:13.379 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Picasso, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
12-06 16:52:13.379 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Glide, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
12-06 16:52:13.379 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Glide, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
12-06 16:52:13.379 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: doOnNext:Android-Fresco, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
12-06 16:52:13.379 16424-16454/com.hanks.rxsearch I/RxThread: get result:Android-Fresco, run In :RxCachedThreadScheduler-2
Android Rxjava Rxandroid
文章出处 (http://hanks.xyz)
