插桩式实现插件化(一)
2018-04-28 本文已影响0人
VictorBXv
插件化(一)
一、前言
- 定义:将整个app拆分成
多个模块
,这些模块包括一个宿主
和多个插件
,每个模块都是一个apk文件
(组件化的每个模块为lib
文件),最终打包时,宿主apk
和插件apk
分开打包。(组件化最后只有一个apk文件
) - 插件化优势:
- 宿主和插件分开编译,互不影响;
- 并发开发,宿主和插件分开同时开发;
- 动态更新插件;
- 按需求下载模块插件
- 解决
65535
问题;
- 插件化的难度
- 插件的
四大组件
的生命周期
不好管理,因为插件并没有安装,所以没有上下文,所有与生命周期有关的方法都不能直接调用; -
android 9.0
有@hide
注解,导致这个方法对开发者不可见。 - 兼容性问题;
- 宿主和插件之间的通信问题,因此必须制定一套标准,让宿主和插件都遵循这套标准,从而解决通信问题和插件的生命周期的管理问题。
- 插件的
二、 实现思路分析
新建一个library
专门用来定义标准,然后让宿主apk
和插件apk
都依赖这个library
,而从宿主apk
和插件apk
都必须实现这套标准,插件apk
的生命周期就得到了管理。
public interface PayInterfaceActivity {
/**
*通过这个方法将宿主activity的context传递给插件
*该方法被宿主调用
*/
void attach(Activity proxyActivity);
/**
* 生命周期
*/
void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState);
void onStart();
void onResume();
void onPause();
void onStop();
void onRestart();
void onDestroy();
void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState);
boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event);
void onBackPressed();
}
宿主apk代码实现
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private Button mBtn_load;
private Button mBtn_jump;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
PluginManager.getInstance().setContext(this);
mBtn_load = findViewById(R.id.btn_load);
mBtn_jump = findViewById(R.id.btn_jump);
setListener();
}
private void setListener() {
mBtn_load.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//加载插件,先将插件复制到制定目录
loadPlugin();
}
});
mBtn_jump.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//从宿主activity跳转到插件的activity
//实际上就是从宿主的其他activity跳转到自己的ProxyActivity,proxyActivity再去加载插件的activity
Intent intent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, ProxyActivity.class);
//activities[0]代表launcher的activity
intent.putExtra("className", PluginManager.getInstance().getPackageInfo().activities[0].name);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
}
private void loadPlugin() {
//这个目录下文件只能被自己的app访问,其他的没有区别
File pluginDir = getDir("plugin", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
String name = "pluginb.apk";
String filePath = new File(pluginDir, name).getAbsolutePath();
File file = new File(filePath);
if (file.exists()) {
file.delete();
}
InputStream is = null;
OutputStream os = null;
try {
File file1 = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), name);
Log.i(TAG, "load: file1 = " + file1.getAbsolutePath());
is = new FileInputStream(file1);
os = new FileOutputStream(file);
int len = 0;
byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) {
os.write(buffer, 0, len);
}
if (new File(filePath).exists()) {
Toast.makeText(this, "加载成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
//文件复制成功,加载插件
PluginManager.getInstance().loadPath(this);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (is != null) {
is.close();
}
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
插件管理类
/**
* description:插件管理类,专门用来管理插件的加载过程,
*/
public class PluginManager {
private Context mContext;
private PluginManager() {
}
private static final PluginManager instance = new PluginManager();
public static PluginManager getInstance() {
return instance;
}
private PackageInfo mPackageInfo;
private DexClassLoader mDexClassLoader;
private Resources mResources;
//加载插件
public void loadPath(Context context) {
//获取所有的activity
//首先找到插件的位置
String pluginbPath = getPluginPath(context);
//获取插件apk里面所有的activity
PackageManager manager = context.getPackageManager();
mPackageInfo = manager.getPackageArchiveInfo(pluginbPath, PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);
File dexOutFile = context.getDir("dex", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
/**
* 实例化DexClassLoader和mResources对象
* dexPath:一个apk文件的路径
* optimizedDirectory:缓存路径,这是虚拟机做优化用的
* librarySearchPath:依赖的包,可以为空
* ClassLoader
*/
mDexClassLoader = new DexClassLoader(pluginbPath, dexOutFile.getAbsolutePath(), null, context.getClassLoader());
try {
//因为构造方法被@hide注释了,所以只能使用反射
AssetManager assetManager = AssetManager.class.newInstance();
Method addAssetPath = AssetManager.class.getMethod("addAssetPath", String.class);
addAssetPath.invoke(assetManager, pluginbPath);
mResources = new Resources(assetManager, context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics(), context.getResources().getConfiguration());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private String getPluginPath(Context context) {
File pluginDir = context.getDir("plugin", Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
String name = "pluginb.apk";
return new File(pluginDir, name).getAbsolutePath();
}
public DexClassLoader getDexClassLoader() {
return mDexClassLoader;
}
public Resources getResources() {
return mResources;
}
public PackageInfo getPackageInfo() {
return mPackageInfo;
}
public void setContext(Context context) {
mContext = context;
}
}
宿主中专门加载插件中的activity
/**
* description:ProxyActivity专门用来加载淘票票的内容,和一般的activity不一样,
* 加载一个activity,需要知道两个东西,xxxx.class,资源assert,不仅仅是resource
* 这里仅是为了理解插件化的原理,因此通过intent来传递class的类名
*/
public class ProxyActivity extends Activity {
//需要加载的淘票票的activity的全类名
private String className;
private static final String TAG = "ProxyActivity";
private PayInterfaceActivity mPayInterfaceActivity;
@Override
protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
className = getIntent().getStringExtra("className");
Log.i(TAG, "onCreate: className = " + className);
//拿到对应的class文件(why?),这里不能通过反射来获取Class文件,因为插件app没有安装(为什么没有安装就不能获取?),
//通过classLoader来获取class文件
try {
//className--->Class--反射-->className对应的activity对象--->调用activity的onCreate()方法实现activity的加载
Class<?> activityClass = getClassLoader().loadClass(className);
//实例化activity对象,就是插件apk的类,具体到这里就是插件的mainActivity
Constructor<?> constructor = activityClass.getConstructor();
//这里的instance实际上就是activity,要想让这个activity现实出来,必须调用onCreate()方法
//当然可以通过反射调用onCreate()方法,但是反射有性能上的消耗
Object instance = constructor.newInstance();
//因为instance就是插件apk的MainActivity,而插件apk的Activity实现了PayInterfaceActivity接口,因此可以强转
// TODO: 2018/4/27 java.lang.ClassCastException: com.wvbx.alipayplugin.MainActivity cannot be cast to com.wvbx.paystandard.PayInterfaceActivity
mPayInterfaceActivity = (PayInterfaceActivity) instance;
mPayInterfaceActivity.attach(this);
//如果宿主activity想给插件activity传值的话,就可以通过这个bundle实现
Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
mPayInterfaceActivity.onCreate(bundle);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
//从插件的第一个activity跳转到插件的第二个activity要做的事情
String className = intent.getStringExtra("className");
Intent intent1 = new Intent(this, ProxyActivity.class);
intent1.putExtra("className", className);
super.startActivity(intent1);
}
//因为ProxyActivity里面放的是插件的activity,
//所以通过控制ProxyActivity的生命周期来控制插件的activity的生命周期
//插件实现了PayInterfaceActivity接口,所以可以打到这个目的
@Override
protected void onStart() {
super.onStart();
mPayInterfaceActivity.onStart();
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
super.onPause();
mPayInterfaceActivity.onPause();
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
mPayInterfaceActivity.onDestroy();
}
//专门用来加载插件的classLoader,通过插件
@Override
public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
return PluginManager.getInstance().getDexClassLoader();
}
@Override
public Resources getResources() {
return PluginManager.getInstance().getResources();
}
}
插件activity的基类
/**
* description:
* 由于插件apk没有安装,所以灭有上下文,所以所有需要上下文的方法都不能按照以前的方法使用,
* 需要将宿主的activity传递给插件,通过宿主的上下文来完成插件里面与上下文有关的方法的调用
*/
public class BaseActivity extends Activity implements PayInterfaceActivity {
//宿主传递过来的activity
protected Activity that;
@Override
public void attach(Activity proxyActivity) {
this.that = proxyActivity;
}
@Override
public <T extends View> T findViewById(int id) {
if (that != null) {
return that.findViewById(id);
} else {
return super.findViewById(id);
}
}
@Override
public void setContentView(int layoutResID) {
if (that != null) {
that.setContentView(layoutResID);
} else {
super.setContentView(layoutResID);
}
}
@Override
public Intent getIntent() {
if (that != null) {
return that.getIntent();
} else {
return super.getIntent();
}
}
@Override
public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
if (that != null) {
return that.getClassLoader();
} else {
return super.getClassLoader();
}
}
@NonNull
@Override
public LayoutInflater getLayoutInflater() {
if (that != null) {
return that.getLayoutInflater();
} else {
return super.getLayoutInflater();
}
}
@Override
public ApplicationInfo getApplicationInfo() {
if (that != null) {
return that.getApplicationInfo();
} else {
return super.getApplicationInfo();
}
}
@Override
public Window getWindow() {
if (that != null) {
return that.getWindow();
} else {
return super.getWindow();
}
}
@Override
public void startActivity(Intent intent) {
//插件里面的activity跳转,本质上是宿主activity的跳转,即从proxyActivity1 跳转到proxyActivity2
//proxyActivity-->className
Intent i = new Intent();
//这里activity只能是standard模式
i.putExtra("className",intent.getComponent().getClassName());
//这里的that即proxyActivity
that.startActivity(i);
}
@Override
public void setContentView(View view) {
if (that != null) {
that.setContentView(view);
} else {
super.setContentView(view);
}
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
}
@Override
public void onResume() {
}
@Override
public void onPause() {
}
@Override
public void onRestart() {
}
@Override
public void onStop() {
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
}
@Override
public void onSaveInstanceState(Bundle outState) {
}
}
继承了BaseActivity
的子activity
public class MainActivity extends BaseActivity {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//这里不能在xml中写onclick事件,因为没有上下文,
findViewById(R.id.main).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
//这里不能用MainActivity.this,因为没有上下文
Toast.makeText(that, "加载成功", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
that.startActivity(new Intent(that, SecondActivity.class));
}
});
}
}