2018-12-06每日一词ground
ground最常见的意思是“地面”，除此之外，还有“理由、根据”等的含义，即 a reason for doing or thinking something。可以在很多场景下，用它替换 reason，because 等，让表达具有多样性。 英英释义：a reason for what you say or do, or for being allowed to say or do something
例句：
① Gene editing has drawn widespread public criticism on ethical grounds.
“基因编辑婴儿”曝光后引来了许多争议，许多人从伦理层面批评这个项目。
ground 表示“理由”时，一定要注意：它一般都会以复数形式 grounds 出现。
② 我们常说的“实锤”（即“确凿的证据”）就可以用到 ground。比如一位女性指控他人性骚扰，如果有确凿的证据的话，我们就可以说：
She has valid grounds for accusing him of sexual harassment.
③ ground 常和介词 on 搭配构成短语on the grounds of/that， 表示“因为…的理由”“以…为根据”。我们在论证说理时就可以用到它，如果你准备考雅思和托福，一定要掌握它。
《经济学人》在介绍西湖大学时，提到现任校长施一公的教学理念时就用到了on the grounds that：
Mr Shi believes that if elite universities select students on the grounds not just of their test scores, but also of their intellectual maturity and social responsibility, this will influence the way pupils are taught at school, and change the way they think.
（1）使用《牛津英语搭配词典》查“ground”，了解它作为名词表示“理由”时的常用搭配。
形容词(adj)+ground
good, reasonable, sufficient, valid 正当的理由；合理的依据；足够的理由；令人信服的根据
动词(verb) + ground
have 有理由. The constable had reasonable grounds for arresting her. 警察有正当的理由逮捕她。
give (sb) 给（某人）理由以…。 His evasiveness gave grounds for the suspicion that he knew more than he was saying. 他含糊其词，让人有理由怀疑他没有把知道的都说出来。
介词(prep)+grounds
on ... 由于…原因。 Permission to open a mine was denied on environmental grounds. 由于环境方面的原因，开矿被否决了。
on the grounds of 因为…原因。 He resigned from his post on the grounds of ill health. 他以身体不好为理由辞职了。
~ for 导致…的原因. Drunkenness at work was sufficient grounds for instant dismissal. 工作时醉酒足可导致立即被开除。
（2）翻译
因为英语不够好，他拒绝了邀请。
He turned down the invitation on the grounds that his English was not good enough.
On the grounds of inadequate English, he declined the invitation.
His inadequate English gave him grounds for turning down the invitation.
（3）例子：She refused the business to America on the grounds of taking care of her little baby.
场景 ： 她拒绝了去美国的出差活动，因为她有一个baby需要照顾。
