Homebrew及Homebrew cask安装与使用

安装Homebrew

安装命令：

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

如果不是第一次安装，可能会遇到如下错误：

It appears Homebrew is already installed. If your intent is to reinstall you
should do the following before running this installer again:
    ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/uninstall)"

解决方式：

sudo rm -fr /usr/local/.git

参考链接：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/18555378/brew-installation-error-appears-homebrew-is-already-installed

再次安装：

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

遇到错误：

==> This script will install:
/usr/local/bin/brew
/usr/local/Library/...
/usr/local/share/man/man1/brew.1

Press RETURN to continue or any other key to abort
==> Downloading and installing Homebrew...
remote: Counting objects: 3769, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (3608/3608), done.
remote: Total 3769 (delta 43), reused 527 (delta 26), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (3769/3769), 3.21 MiB | 269.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (43/43), done.
From https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew
 * [new branch]      master     -> origin/master
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/aspell-dictionaries.rb' (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/dev-cmd/update-test.rb' (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/test/bottles/testball_bottle-0.1.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz' (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/test/bottles/testball_bottle-0.1.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz' (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/test/bottles/testball_bottle-0.1.mountain_lion.bottle.tar.gz' (Permission denied)
error: unable to unlink old 'Library/Homebrew/test/bottles/testball_bottle-0.1.yosemite.bottle.tar.gz' (Permission denied)
fatal: Could not reset index file to revision 'origin/master'.
Failed during: git reset --hard origin/master

参考链接:https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew/issues/15138

解决方式：

sudo mv /usr/local/Library /usr/local/Library.bk

再次安装即可。

安装Homebrew cask

Homebrew cask可用于mac应用程序或套件，比如mactex，xtrafinder等。

brew install caskroom/cask/brew-cask

使用Homebrew管理软件

安装软件

比如安装emacs和vim的命令分别如下。

• 安装emacs

brew install emacs --with-cocoa --with-gnutls

• 安装macvim

brew install macvim --with-override-system-vim

• 安装ack和ag，比grep好用

brew install ack ag

• 安装autojump，非常高效的目录跳转工具

brew install autojump

升级软件

• 查看可以升级的软件

brew outdated

• 比如升级macvim

brew upgrade macvim

• 升级所有软件

brew upgrade

查找软件包

比如查找和pdf相关的软件包。

• 查找和pdf相关的软件包

brew search pdf

删除软件包

• 移除macvim

brew uninstall macvim

清除老版本的安装包

Homebrew 会缓存下载的安装包，长时间不清理会占用大量的磁盘空间，因此需要定期清理，清理命令如下：

brew cleanup