初级美语 L001：Self Introduction 解析

一、阅读

My name is Robert. My friends call me Bob. I am twenty years old. I am Chinese. I come from Beijing. There are six people in my family. I have one younger sister and two older brothers. We are not rich, but we are a happy family.

二、解析

✎ My name is Robert.

• 主：My name
• 系：is
• 表：Robert

My：第一人称形容词性物主代词。

✎ My friends call me Bob.

• 主：My friends
• 谓：call
• 宾：me
• 宾补：Bob

✎ I am twenty years old

• 主：I
• 系：am
• 状：twenty years，名词词组做副词使用，修饰 old。
• 表：old，此处 old 词性为形容词。

两种年龄表示法：
（1）一种是“数字+years old”，作表语：
My father is fifty-seven years old now.
我父亲现在已57岁了。

（2）另一种是“数字+ -year-old”，作定语：
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was invited to a children's party.
上周，我4岁的女儿萨莉应邀去参加一个儿童晚会。

✎ I am Chinese.

= I am a Chinese.

• 主：I
• 系：am
• 表：Chinese

I am Chinese, Chinese 为形容词，前不可加 a.
I am a Chinese, Chinese 为名词。

■ I come from Beijing.

• 主：I
• 谓：come，vi. 来
• 地状：from Beijing
  • 介：from
  • 宾：Beijing

Were do you come from? come为一般动词，没办法与主语倒装。
Were are you from?

■ There are six people in my family.

• 表：There
• 系：are
• 主：six people
• 地状：in my family

句型：
There is + 单数名词 + 表场所的介词短语。
There are + 复数名词 + 表场所的介词短语。

people：两个人及以上才可用。
一个人：one person.
两个人：two persons = tow people

扩展：
There is no elevator to success.

• 表：There
• 系：is
• 定：no
• 主：elevator
• 定：to success

■ I have one younger sister and two older brothers.

• 主：I
• 谓：have
• 定：one
• 宾1：younger sister
• 定：two
• 宾2：older brothers

妹妹：younger sister
姐姐：older sister
弟弟：younger brothers
哥哥：older brothers

■ We are not rich, but we are a happy family.

• 主：We
• 系：are not
• 表：rich
• 主：we
• 系：are
• 定：a、happy
• 表：family

but：单一并列连接词。此处连接对等的句子。

二、扩展词汇

• call [kɔl]：vt. 呼叫
  （1）Call me, please.
  （2）Call me when you have time.
  = Give me a call when you have time. 此处的 call 作名词用。