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Okhttp的简单介绍和使用

2016-05-18  本文已影响5585人  菜鸟_一枚

Okhttp的简单介绍和使用

前言:

通过本篇,可以了解一下几点:

如果有兴趣,可以看下我的另一篇,okhttp的简单封装:

网络请求发展:

OkHttp是什么:

OkHttp是一个高效的HTTP库:

优点:

Okhttp的基本使用,从以下五方面讲解:

GET请求同步方法

       OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
       Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url) .build();
       Response response= client.newCall(request).execute();
       String message=response.body().string();

GET请求异步方法

        OkHttpClient client=new OkHttpClient();
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
        client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
                    }
         });

POST请求提交

在这里解释一下,我在用3.0的时候,去找FormEncodingBuilder(),这个方法,找不到了,就去了他的官网查看了信息,找到了一下一段解释:

okhttp3.0之前:

      OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
      RequestBody forBody = new FormEncodingBuilder().add("username","tom").add("password", "1110").build();
                Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(forBody).build();
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
                        Log.d("xiaoming",response.body().string());
                    }
                });   

okhttp3.0之后

   OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
   FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                .add("type", "1")
                .build();
  Request request=new Request.Builder().url(url).post(forBody).build();
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Request request, IOException e) {
                    }
                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {
                        Log.d("xiaoming",response.body().string());
                    }
                });   

文件下载

 String url = "http://www.0551fangchan.com/images/keupload/20120917171535_49309.jpg";
   //构建request对象 
        Request request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/logo.jpg"));
                byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                fileOutputStream.flush();
                Log.d("wuyinlei", "文件下载成功...");
            }
        });

超时设置:

okhttp3.0之前:

    client.setConnectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    client.setWriteTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    client.setReadTimeout(30, TimeUnit.SECONDS);

okhttp3.0之后:

        client.newBuilder().connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        client.newBuilder().readTimeout(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        client.newBuilder().writeTimeout(10,TimeUnit.SECONDS);

下面看下结果演示:


这里写图片描述

注:不知道为什么,我的写入sdcard的权限也加了,就是提示我下载的时候没有权限,我只能用真机了,这里通过log日志来反馈下载成功:

下面来看下代码,布局很简单,四个按钮,一个textview,这里就不解释了

package com.example.okhttpdemo;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

import okhttp3.Call;
import okhttp3.Callback;
import okhttp3.FormBody;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import okhttp3.Request;
import okhttp3.Response;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

    private Button syncGet;
    private Button asyncget;
    private Button post;
    private Button fileDownload,fengzhuang;
    private TextView tvtext;
    private String result;




    private OkHttpClient client;


    /**
     * 在这里直接设置连接超时,初始化OkHttpClient
     */
   private void init() {
        client = new OkHttpClient();
        client.newBuilder().connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        client.newBuilder().readTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        client.newBuilder().writeTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    private Request request;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        init();
        initialize();
        initListener();

    }

    /**
     * 事件监听
     */
    private void initListener() {
        syncGet.setOnClickListener(this);
        asyncget.setOnClickListener(this);
        post.setOnClickListener(this);
        fileDownload.setOnClickListener(this);
        fengzhuang.setOnClickListener(this);
    }


    /**
     * 初始化布局控件
     */
    private void initialize() {

        syncGet = (Button) findViewById(R.id.syncGet);
        asyncget = (Button) findViewById(R.id.asyncget);
        post = (Button) findViewById(R.id.post);
        tvtext = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_text);
        fileDownload = (Button) findViewById(R.id.fileDownload);
        fengzhuang = (Button) findViewById(R.id.fengzhuang);
    }


    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
        switch (v.getId()) {
            case R.id.syncGet:
                initSyncData();
                break;
            case R.id.asyncget:
                initAsyncGet();
                break;
            case R.id.post:
                initPost();
                break;
            case R.id.fileDownload:
                downLoadFile();
                break;
            case R.id.fengzhuang:
                break;
        }
    }



    /**
     * get请求同步方法
     */
    private void initSyncData() {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    request = new Request.Builder().url(Contants.SYNC_URL).build();
                    Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
                    result = response.body().string();
                    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                        @Override
                        public void run() {
                            tvtext.setText(result);
                            Log.d("MainActivity", "hello");
                        }
                    });
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();

    }

    /**
     * 异步请求
     */
    private void initAsyncGet() {
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                request = new Request.Builder().url(Contants.ASYNC_URL).build();
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {

                    /**
                     * A call is a request that has been prepared for execution. A call can be canceled. As this object
                     * represents a single request/response pair (stream), it cannot be executed twice.
                     *
                     *
                     * @param call   是一个接口,  是一个准备好的可以执行的request
                     *               可以取消,对位一个请求对象,只能单个请求
                     * @param e
                     */
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {
                        Log.d("MainActivity", "请求失败");
                    }

                    /**
                     *
                     * @param call
                     * @param response   是一个响应请求
                     * @throws IOException
                     */
                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {
                        /**
                         * 通过拿到response这个响应请求,然后通过body().string(),拿到请求到的数据
                         * 这里最好用string()  而不要用toString()
                         * toString()每个类都有的,是把对象转换为字符串
                         * string()是把流转为字符串
                         */
                        result = response.body().string();
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                tvtext.setText(result);
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
        }).start();
    }

    /**
     * 表单提交
     */
    private void initPost() {

        String url = "http://112.124.22.238:8081/course_api/banner/query";

        
        FormBody formBody = new FormBody.Builder()
                .add("type", "1")
                .build();
        request = new Request.Builder().url(url)
                .post(formBody).build();
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
                    @Override
                    public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {

                    }

                    @Override
                    public void onResponse(Call call, final Response response) throws IOException {
                        runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
                            @Override
                            public void run() {
                                tvtext.setText("提交成功");
                            }
                        });
                    }
                });
            }
        }).start();

    }

    /**
     * 文件下载地址
     */
    private void downLoadFile() {
        String url = "http://www.0551fangchan.com/images/keupload/20120917171535_49309.jpg";
        request = new Request.Builder().url(url).build();
        OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient();
        client.newCall(request).enqueue(new Callback() {
            @Override
            public void onFailure(Call call, IOException e) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onResponse(Call call, Response response) throws IOException {

                //把请求成功的response转为字节流
                InputStream inputStream = response.body().byteStream();

                /**
                 * 在这里要加上权限   在mainfests文件中
                 * <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
                 * <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
                 */

                //在这里用到了文件输出流
                FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(new File("/sdcard/logo.jpg"));
               //定义一个字节数组
                byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
                int len = 0;
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                    //写出到文件
                    fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }
                //关闭输出流
                fileOutputStream.flush();
                Log.d("wuyinlei", "文件下载成功...");
            }
        });
    }


}


好了,简单的okhttp使用就介绍到这里了,接下来会对其完成以下简单的封装。

由于okhttp3.0较于之前的有些变化,大家使用的时候可以去看下他们官方的说明,这样在使用中就会少了不必要的麻烦了。

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