Unix下Mysql插入中文出现乱码

最近在做的项目使用到了Mysql，在Mac上安装Mysql之后发现在插入中文数据时会出现中文乱码，经排查解决如下：

原因：unix版本的mysql的setdatabase和setserver的编码方式默认不是utf-8

1.在mac os系统下(linux同)打开终端，登录mysql（在mac下要把mysql加入到环境变量中才可以使用mysql命令）

终端输入mysql -u 账号 -p 之后再输入密码进入mysql

2.输入命令 show variables like'%char%'; 出现如下的图：

如图

如上的问题导致了乱码。

mac版mysql默认的安装目录是：/usr/local/mysql，配置文件一般来说是放在support-files文件夹下

修改如下：

1.关闭mysql服务

2.在mysql5.7以后的版本不在有配置文件my-default.cnf或my.cnf文件，所以操作如下:

A.cd /etc
B.sudo vim my.cnf
C.把下面描述文件内容写入my.cnf

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems. 

# 

# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays 

# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with 

# other programs (such as a web server) 

# 

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of 

# locations which depend on the deployment platform. 

# You can copy this option file to one of those 

# locations. For information about these locations, see: 

# [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html) 

# 

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports. 

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program 

# with the "--help" option. 

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients 

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

#password = your_password 

port = 3306 

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 

# Here follows entries for some specific programs 

# The MySQL server 

[mysqld]

character-set-server=utf8

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8

port = 3306 

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock 

skip-external-locking 

key_buffer_size = 16M 

max_allowed_packet = 1M 

table_open_cache = 64 

sort_buffer_size = 512K 

net_buffer_length = 8K 

read_buffer_size = 256K 

read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K 

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M 

character-set-server=utf8 

init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement, 

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host. 

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes. 

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows 

# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless! 

# 

#skip-networking

# Replication Master Server (default) 

# binary logging is required for replication 

log-bin=mysql-bin

# binary logging format - mixed recommended 

binlog_format=mixed

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 

# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set 

# but will not function as a master if omitted 

server-id = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this) 

# 

# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between 

# two methods : 

# 

# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) - 

# the syntax is: 

# 

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>, 

# MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ; 

# 

# where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and 

# <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default). 

# 

# Example: 

# 

# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306, 

# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret'; 

# 

# OR 

# 

# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then 

# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example 

# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to 

# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later 

# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and 

# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown 

# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server. 

# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched 

# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above) 

# 

# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1 

# (and different from the master) 

# defaults to 2 if master-host is set 

# but will not function as a slave if omitted 

#server-id = 2 

# 

# The replication master for this slave - required 

#master-host = <hostname> 

# 

# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting 

# to the master - required 

#master-user = <username> 

# 

# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to 

# the master - required 

#master-password = <password> 

# 

# The port the master is listening on. 

# optional - defaults to 3306 

#master-port = <port> 

# 

# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended 

#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables 

#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend 

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data 

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % 

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high 

#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M 

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M 

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size 

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M 

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M 

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump] 

quick 

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[mysql] 

no-auto-rehash 

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL 

#safe-updates 

default-character-set=utf8

[myisamchk] 

key_buffer_size = 20M 

sort_buffer_size = 20M 

read_buffer = 2M 

write_buffer = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy] 

interactive-timeout

D.:wq! 强制保存退出

再次在mysql下查看配置，出现如下则配置成功

成功