Docker Compose
compose file 是一个YAML文件， 用来定义services, networks 和 volumes。 默认的文件路径是：./docker-compose.yml
services 用来定义一些该服务下容器公共的配置，类似于通过 docker run 传递命令行参数。
network 类似于 docker network create
volume 类似于 docker volume create.
可以在配置文件中使用环境变量： ${VARIABLE}
service 定义
container_name: 指定container 的名称
services:
bls-wfe:
container_name: bls-wfe
depends_on: 服务间依赖描述
docker-compose up will start services in dependency order.
docker-compose up SERVICE will automatically include SERVICE’s
dependencies.
version: '2'
services:
web:
build: .
depends_on:
- db
- redis
redis:
image: redis
db:
image: postgres
build ： Configuration options that are applied at build time.
用来指定build context 的路径
services:
serviceA:
build: ./dir
serviceB:
build:
context: ./dir
dockerfile: Dockerfile-alternate
args:
buildno: 1
env_file : 指定环境变量文件
services:
serviceA:
env_file: .env
serviceB:
env_file:
- ./common.env
- ./apps/web.env
- /opt/secrets.env
environment: 增加环境变量
Any boolean values; true, false, yes no, need to be enclosed in quotes to ensure they are not converted to True or False by the YML parser.
services:
serviceA:
environment:
# use dictionary
RACK_ENV: development
SHOW: 'true'
SESSION_SECRET:
serviceB:
environment:
# use array
- RACK_ENV=development
- SHOW=true
- SESSION_SECRET
expose: 暴露端口
Expose ports without publishing them to the host machine - they’ll only be accessible to linked services. Only the internal port can be specified.
services:
serviceA:
expose:
- "3000"
- "8000"
ports : 暴露host 端口
ports:
- "3000"
- "3000-3005" # just the container port (a random host port will be chosen).
- "8000:8000"
- "9090-9091:8080-8081" #(HOST:CONTAINER)
- "49100:22"
- "127.0.0.1:8001:8001"
- "127.0.0.1:5000-5010:5000-5010"
extends: Extend another service
extends:
file: common.yml
service: webapp
image: Specify the image to start the container from.
# use repository/tag
image: example-registry.com:4000/postgresql
# use partial image ID
image: a4bc65fd
labels: 在 containers 中增加metadata信息
# use dictionary
labels:
com.example.description: "Accounting webapp"
com.example.department: "Finance"
com.example.label-with-empty-value: ""
# use array
labels:
- "com.example.description=Accounting webapp"
- "com.example.department=Finance"
- "com.example.label-with-empty-value"
links: Link to containers in another service.
Containers for the linked service will be reachable at a hostname identical to the alias, or the service name if no alias was specified.
Links also express dependency between services in the same way as depends_on, so they determine the order of service startup.
web:
links:
- db
- db:database #(SERVICE:ALIAS)
- redis # just the service name.
external_links
Link to containers started outside this docker-compose.yml or even outside of Compose, especially for containers that provide shared or common services.
external_links:
- redis_1
- project_db_1:mysql # (CONTAINER:ALIAS)
- project_db_1:postgresql
net/network_mode :
network_mode: "bridge"
network_mode: "host"
network_mode: "none"
network_mode: "service:[service name]"
network_mode: "container:[container name/id]"
extra_hosts: Add hostname mappings.
extra_hosts:
- "somehost:162.242.195.82"
- "otherhost:50.31.209.229"
volumes : specify a path on the host machine (HOST:CONTAINER), or an access mode (HOST:CONTAINER:ro).
volumes:
# Just specify a path and let the Engine create a volume
- /var/lib/mysql
# Specify an absolute path mapping
- /opt/data:/var/lib/mysql
# Path on the host, relative to the Compose file
- ./cache:/tmp/cache
# User-relative path
- ~/configs:/etc/configs/:ro
# Named volume
- datavolume:/var/lib/mysql
