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PHP如何更科学地接入第三方渠道(从支付开始)

2021-06-09  本文已影响0人  江月照我眠

相当多的时候,我们写业务代码时,为了尽快实现产品功能,并不会采用较为复杂的设计模式。这也是为什么很多老项目往往有一堆if-else,别怪前任,有时候他也是不得已而为之,业务一直变化+膨胀,Boss催得又紧,通常都会选择用最快速的方法来实现逻辑再说。以最常见的接入第三方支付为例,接入微信支付、支付宝支付、苹果支付等等。

最简单粗暴的写法是,每次接入新的支付渠道都在PayController中引入新渠道的支付处理类,在switch中增加case来处理对应的渠道逻辑,代码如下:

<?php

namespace app\controller;

use app\model\Goods;
use app\model\Payment;
use payment\wxpay\WxPay;
use payment\alipay\AliPay;

class PayController extends Base;
{
    function __construct()
    {
        // code...
    }

    // 以下均为模拟代码,很多逻辑没写出来,上面的类也是我虚构的,大体是Thinkphp为例
    public function doPay()
    {
        $pay_way  = $_POST['pay_way'];
        $goods_id = $_POST['goods_id'];

        $goods  = Goods::get($goods_id);
        $config = Payment::where(['pay_way' => $pay_way])->find();

        switch ($pay_way) {
            case 'wxpay':
                $payment = new WxPay($config);
                break;
            
            case 'alipay':
                $payment = new AliPay($config);
                break;
            // 更多渠道...
            default:
                return self::error('暂不支持该渠道');
                break;
        }

        // 实际情况以你自己的逻辑参数为准
        $result = $payment->doPay([
            'goods_id'      => $goods_id,
            'goods_name'    => $goods->title,
            'amount'        => $goods->price,
            'order_no'      => makeOrderNo(),
        ]);

        return self::success($result);
    }
}

随着对接的支付渠道越来越多,我们发现use的类越来越多,case的内容也越来越多,产生了大量重复的代码,这本能地让我感到恶心,于是我决定在config中配置好由那个支付类处理,然后通过反射类来实现:

<?php

namespace app\controller;

use app\model\Goods;
use app\model\Payment;

class PayController extends Base;
{
    function __construct()
    {
        // code...
    }

    // 以下均为模拟代码,很多逻辑没写出来,上面的类也是我虚构的,大体是Thinkphp为例
    public function doPay()
    {
        $pay_way  = $_POST['pay_way'];
        $goods_id = $_POST['goods_id'];

        $goods  = Goods::get($goods_id);
        $config = Payment::where(['pay_way' => $pay_way])->find();

        // 如payment\wxpay\WxPay
        if ($config && class_exists($config->class_name)) {
            $reflection = new \ReflectionClass($config->class_name);
            $payment = $reflection->newInstanceArgs($config->class_name);
        }else{
            return self::error('暂不支持该渠道');
        }

        // 实际情况以你自己的逻辑参数为准
        $result = $payment->doPay([
            'goods_id'      => $goods_id,
            'goods_name'    => $goods->title,
            'amount'        => $goods->price,
            'order_no'      => makeOrderNo(),
        ]);

        return self::success($result);
    }
}

此时大部分情况其实已经满足了......

直到我开始接入各种短信渠道,我又用了一次反射,从某种意义上来说,我又重复了一堆代码,于是我终于开始考虑依赖注入的方式,首先实现一个用来自动实例化以及存放实例的DI容器类:

<?php

namespace app\common;

class DI
{
    private $container = array();
    
    // 向容器内注入实例
    public function set($key, $class, $arg = [])
    {
        if (count($arg) == 1 && is_array($arg[0])) {
            $arg = $arg[0];
        }

        /*
         * 注入的时候不做任何的类型检测与转换
         * 由于编程人员人为问题,该注入资源并不一定会被用到
         */
        $this->container[$key] = array(
            "class" => $class,
            "params" => $arg,
        );
    }

    // 移除容器内的实例
    public function delete($key)
    {
        unset($this->container[$key]);
    }

    // 清空容器
    public function clear()
    {
        $this->container = array();
    }

    // 获取容器指定实例
    public function get($key)
    {
        if (isset($this->container[$key])) {
            $result = $this->container[$key];
            if (is_object($result['class'])) {
                return $result['class'];
            } else if (is_callable($result['class'])) {
                return $this->container[$key]['class'];
            } else if (is_string($result['class']) && class_exists($result['class'])) {
                $reflection = new \ReflectionClass($result['class']);
                $ins = $reflection->newInstanceArgs($result['params']);
                $this->container[$key]['class'] = $ins;
                return $this->container[$key]['class'];
            } else {
                return $result['class'];
            }
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

控制器就变成如下代码:

<?php

namespace app\controller;

use app\common\DI;
use app\model\Goods;
use app\model\Payment;
use app\services\PaymentService

class PayController extends Base;
{
    function __construct()
    {
        // code...
    }

    // 以下均为模拟代码,很多逻辑没写出来,上面的类也是我虚构的,大体是Thinkphp为例
    public function doPay()
    {
        $pay_way  = $_POST['pay_way'];
        $goods_id = $_POST['goods_id'];

        $goods  = Goods::get($goods_id);
        $config = Payment::where(['pay_way' => $pay_way])->find();

        // 如payment\wxpay\WxPay
        $di = new DI();
        $di->set($pay_type, $config->class_name);
        $payment = new PaymentService($di->get($pay_type));
        $payment->config($config);

        // 实际情况以你自己的逻辑参数为准
        $result = $payment->doPay([
            'goods_id'      => $goods_id,
            'goods_name'    => $goods->title,
            'amount'        => $goods->price,
            'order_no'      => makeOrderNo(),
        ]);

        return self::success($result);
    }
}

PaymentService代码如下:

<?php
namespace app\services;

use app\model\Payment;

class PaymentService
{
    private $pay;
    
    public function __construct($pay)
    {
        $this->pay = $pay;
    }
    
    public function config(Payment $config)
    {
        $this->pay->config($config);
    }
    
    public function doPay($data)
    {
        return $this->pay->doPay($data);
    }
    
    public function notify($data)
    {
        return $this->pay->notify($data);
    }
}

以上就是多种类型的不同渠道(支付、短信、第三方登录等)对接的大致流程,具体的支付类没有放出代码,实现起来比较简单,就不贴代码了。

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