L5-U3-P3：Living conditions 1

Living conditions around the world vary from country to country.世界各地的生活条件因国而异

Some countries have very large economies, but the majority of their citizens are poor.一些国家有很大的经济体但他们大部分的公民是穷的

Other countries have smaller economies, but the majority of their citizens are not poor.其它的国家经济体很小，但他们的大部分公民并不贫穷

So the size of a country's economy isn't the only factor that determines how wealthy its citizens are.因此一个国家的经济规模不是决定它的公民财富唯一的因素

The size of its population is also an important factor.它的人口规模也是一个重要的因素

Another factor is how a country's wealth is distributed between the rich and the poor.另一个因素是一个国家财富在穷人和富人之间的分布

选择：

        The size of a country's economy isn't the only factor ：that determines how wealthy its citizens are.

排序：

        Living conditions around the world vary .

        Some countries have very large economies, but the majority of their citizens are poor.

        Other countries have smaller economies, but the majority of their citizens are NOT poor.

        So the size of a country's economy isn't the only factor that determines how wealthy its citizens are.

Let's look at some examples.让我们看一些例子

This chart shows the world's 10 largest economies in 2015.这张图显示了2015年世界的5大经济体

It ranks the countries by their Gross Domestic Product, or GDP.它通过国内生产总值对这些国家进行排名

The GDP is one way of measuring the size of an economy.国内生产总值是衡量一个经济体规模的一个方法

It is the total value of the goods and services produced in a country in a year.它是一个国家一年生产的产品和服务的总值

As you can see, according to this chart, the US and China had the largest economies.如你所见，根据这张图，美国和中国有最大的经济体

填空：

        This chart shows the world's 5 largest economies in 2015.    It ranks the countries by their Gross Domestic Product, or GDP.    The GDP is one way of measuring the size of an economy.    It is the total value of the goods and services produced in a country in a year.

听说：

        The GDP is one way of measuring the size of an economy.

        The size of its population is also an important factor. 

阅读：

        The size of a country's economy isn't the only factor that determines how wealthy its citizens are.

        As you can see, according to this chart, the US and China had the largest economies.

According to the chart, India had the seventh largest economy in the world.根据这张图，印度在世界上第七大经济体

Its economy was bigger than Italia's.它的经济比意大利的大

However, the average living conditions in Italia are much higher than in India.然而，在意大利平均生活条件比印度高

One reason for this is the difference in population.这样的一个原因是人口的不同

India has a much larger population, so its wealth is distributed among a much larger number of people.印度有更大的人口，因此他的财富被分布在更多的人口中

You can find this information by checking a country's GDP per capita.你能通过检查一个国家的人均GDP能发现这个信息

Per capita means per person.每头意思是每人

If two countries have the same GDP, but one country has half the number of people, its GDP per capita is twice as large.如果两个国家有相同的GDP，但一个国家有一半的人口，它的人均GDP是两倍

填空：

        India has a much larger population, so its wealth is distributed among a much larger number of people.

Another important factor is how the wealth of a country is shared.其它重要的因素是一个国家的财富是怎样分配的

In some countries much of the wealth is concentrated in just a few people.在一些国家更多的财富被集中在很少的人中

For example, in the US, just 5% of the population had more than 70% of the wealth!例如，在美国，仅5%的人口有超过财富的70%

This shows that many US citizens are not wealthy despite the size of their economy.这显示尽管他们的经济很庞大但许多美国公民并不富有

In fact, the wealth share held by the wealthiest 10% was more than 10 times bigger than the rest of the population.事实上，最富有的10%的人拥有的财富是其它人口的10倍

听音选择：

        About what percent of the US population holds more than 70% of the wealth?    — About 5%

排序：

        Another important factor is how the wealth of a country is shared.

        In some countries much of the wealth is concentrated in just a few people.

        For example, in the US, just 5% of the population holds more than 70% of the wealth.

        This shows that many US citizens are not wealthy despite the size of their economy.

听说：

        In the US, just 5% of the population holds more than 70% of the wealth.

        One reason is that Italia's population is much smaller than India's.

        According to the chart, India had the seventh largest economy in the world.

阅读：

        India has a much larger population, so its wealth is distributed among a much larger number of people.

        In fact, the wealth share held by the wealthiest 10% was more than 10 times bigger than the rest of the population.

（One reason is that Japan's population is much smaller than India's.）