for decades 几十年来

title: for decade
date: 2019-03-06 10:46:04
NO_sents: 245
NO_references: 130

for decades

• For evolutionary biologists interested in what goes on outside the laboratory or farmyard, it is fortunate that in several different places around the world, at several different times, researchers initiated individual based studies of wild animal populations and then kept these studies going for decade after decade. (Soc, Kruuk, Hill, 2008)
• The possibility of relocating experimental plots for decade-spanning observations, of identifying the trees and measuring positions for repeated surveys, and of buffering of experimental plots from the regular forest management in neighbouring stands is ensured by permanently marking the whole experimental area, the plots, and the surroundings. (Pretzsch, 2010)
• Population geneticists have for decades been occupied with the problem of quantifying the relative contribution of natural selection in shaping the genetic variation observed among living organisms. (Nielsen, 2005)
• Rather, the basic mistake has existed for decades, where it found a home in primary research. (Borenstein et al., 2009)
• Livestock selection has relied for decades on the use of mixed model methodology to estimate breeding values (Bvs). (Georges, Charlier, Hayes, 2018)
• For example, seeds in the closed serotinous cones of lodgepole pine can remain viable for decades until high temperatures allows cones scales to flex, releasing seeds. (Aitken et al., 2008)
• This new modus operandi【做法】 now resembles the way tree breeding has been carried out elsewhere for decades. (Koskela et al., 2014)
• It has been straightforward for decades to properly test for the effects of treatments on biological responses using nonparametric methods, but these analyses generally were restricted primarily to simple one-way experimental designs or randomized complete block designs (with one fixed factor). (Shah, Madden, 2004)
• Most traits of agronomic importance are quantitative in nature, and genetic markers have been used for decades to dissect such traits. (Covarrubias-Pazaran, 2016)
• Scarification treatments by skilled operators may cause less damage to crop oak trees than prescribed fire, particularly in stands that have not been burned for decades. (Kabrick et al., 2007)
• Procedures for NIRS calibration, calibration sample set selection, and calibration updating have been researched and refined for decades, and therefore should provide a good starting point for researching the optimization of TP design and GS model updating (reviewed in Jannink et al, 2010). (Lorenz et al., 2011)
• Their activities and properties have been studied for decades. (Tan et al., 2012)
• Between the early 1990s and the late 2000s, advances in statistical theory and methodology that had been incubating for decades, enabled by rapid and sustained increases in computing capability, combined to dramatically change the conversation. (Stroup, 2015)
• Legal identification of fathers by means of a "paternity probability" has been used in European courts for decades, and has recently been introduced into American courts and accepted by some of them. (Aickin, 1984)
• Although heterosis is widely used in agriculture and has been investigated for decades because of its direct and practical implications for hybrid crop breeding, its genetic basis remains poorly understood. (Huang, Han, 2014)
• Linear regression is an excellent, simple method for numeric prediction, and it has been widely used in statistical applications for decades. (Witten et al., 2016)