Linux下mysql8.0安装及服务启动

1.下载mysql安装包。
下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/ 可以选择自己想要的类型。
2.解压安装及运行如下：

//解压
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# tar -xf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# cd /usr/local/mysql
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# mkdir data

//创建mysql用户，并给对应的文件夹权限
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# adduser mysql
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# chown -R mysql:mysql /user/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# chmod -R 775 /usr/local/mysql

[root@VM_0_15_centos home]# cd bin
//初始化mysql
[root@VM_0_15_centos bin]# ./mysqld --initalize --user=mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
//出现错误
./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 
//解决方法
[root@VM_0_15_centos bin]# yum -y install numactl

//再初始化成功，并生成临时密码！
[root@VM_0_15_centos bin]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
2020-06-15T13:55:59.427118Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2020-06-15T13:55:59.427208Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.20) initializing of server in progress as process 17608
2020-06-15T13:55:59.434082Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-06-15T13:56:02.505867Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-06-15T13:56:05.099467Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ECUtpahf=8oe

//编辑配置文件
[root@VM_0_15_centos bin]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
port=3306
user=mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

//配置开机启动项
[root@VM_0_15_centos bin]# cd ../support-files
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# chkconfig --list mysqld

//启动
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# ./mysql.server start --user=mysql
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/VM_0_15_centos.err'.
. SUCCESS! 

//查看进程
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# ps -ef|grep mysql
root     19648     1  0 22:05 pts/1    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/VM_0_15_centos.pid --user=mysql
mysql    19826 19648 14 22:05 pts/1    00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysq/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=VM_0_15_centos.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/VM_0_15_centos.pid --socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock --port=3306
root     19900 12352  0 22:05 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql

//修改sock的软连接，/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock是my.cnf文件中配置的路径
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock

//配置环境变量
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# vim /etc/profile
...
#配置mysql环境变量
MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
export PATH MYSQL_HOME
...
[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# source /etc/profile

登录mysql，修改默认root密码

[root@VM_0_15_centos support-files]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 8.0.20
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>  
//修改默认用户密码
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'yourpass';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> 
//查看用户host地址
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------------------+-----------+
| user             | host      |
+------------------+-----------+
| mysql.infoschema | localhost |
| mysql.session    | localhost |
| mysql.sys        | localhost |
| root             | localhost |
+------------------+-----------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> 
//修改root用户host为任何主机
mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0
mysql> 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>