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Android高级进阶——View的工作原理(二)Layout过

2018-04-12  本文已影响16人  aKaiC

开篇:
上一篇已经了解了 View 的工作原理之 Measure 过程,了解到 Measure 过程是从 ViewRootImpl#performTraversals 开始的,最后会执行到 onMeasure 方法,也对自定义 View 时 margin、padding 以及 wrap_content 如何处理已经简单说明,下面开始 Layout 过程。

还是从 ViewRootImpl#performTraversals 方法开始,不过这次我们要看的是 performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight) 方法了

ViewRootImpl#performTraversals 方法开始

private void performTraversals() {
         ...
        if (!mStopped || mReportNextDraw) {
            boolean focusChangedDueToTouchMode = ensureTouchModeLocally(
                        (relayoutResult&WindowManagerGlobal.RELAYOUT_RES_IN_TOUCH_MODE) != 0);
            if (focusChangedDueToTouchMode || mWidth != host.getMeasuredWidth()
                        || mHeight != host.getMeasuredHeight() || contentInsetsChanged ||
                        updatedConfiguration) {
                int childWidthMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mWidth, lp.width);
                int childHeightMeasureSpec = getRootMeasureSpec(mHeight, lp.height);

                // Ask host how big it wants to be
                performMeasure(childWidthMeasureSpec, childHeightMeasureSpec);
                ...

        if (didLayout) {
            performLayout(lp, mWidth, mHeight);
            ...

        if (!cancelDraw && !newSurface) {
            if (mPendingTransitions != null && mPendingTransitions.size() > 0) {
                for (int i = 0; i < mPendingTransitions.size(); ++i) {
                    mPendingTransitions.get(i).startChangingAnimations();
                }
                mPendingTransitions.clear();
            }

            performDraw();
            ...

直接看 performLayout 方法

    private void performLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams lp, int desiredWindowWidth,
        final View host = mView;
        if (host == null) {
            return;
        }
        host.layout(0, 0, host.getMeasuredWidth(), host.getMeasuredHeight());

最终调用了 View 的 Layout 方法,并传递当前 View 的四个顶点位置

layout 方法

public void layout(int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        if ((mPrivateFlags3 & PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT) != 0) {
            onMeasure(mOldWidthMeasureSpec, mOldHeightMeasureSpec);
            mPrivateFlags3 &= ~PFLAG3_MEASURE_NEEDED_BEFORE_LAYOUT;
        }

        int oldL = mLeft;
        int oldT = mTop;
        int oldB = mBottom;
        int oldR = mRight;
        //如果 isLayoutModeOptical 方法返回 true,那么就会去执行 setOpticalFrame 方法,否则就会去执行 setFrame 方法,并且 setOpticalFrame 内部其实还是调用的 setFrame 方法,所以无论如何都会执行 setFrame 方法,而 setFrame 方法会将传递的 left、top、right、bottom 存储在 View 的成员变量中,并且返回一个布尔值,如果返回true,表示 View 的位置或尺寸发生了变化,否则表示未发生变化,后面会单独介绍
        boolean changed = isLayoutModeOptical(mParent) ?
                setOpticalFrame(l, t, r, b) : setFrame(l, t, r, b);
        //如果 View 的位置发生了变化那么就会去调用 View 的 onLayout 方法,View 的 onLayout 方法默认是一个空实现
        if (changed || (mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) == PFLAG_LAYOUT_REQUIRED) {
            onLayout(changed, l, t, r, b);

看下 View 的 onLayout 方法,是一个空方法,具体实现是在子类中

protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
    }

来看一下 setFrame 方法,完事了开始介绍 ViewGroup 的 Layout

setFrame 方法

setFrame 方法具体是用来指定 View 的大小以及位置的,将传递过来的 left、top、right、bottom 都存储在 View 的成员变量中,并返回一个布尔值来标识 View 的位置或尺寸是否发生了变化

protected boolean setFrame(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        boolean changed = false;

        if (DBG) {
            Log.d("View", this + " View.setFrame(" + left + "," + top + ","
                    + right + "," + bottom + ")");
        }
        //将新旧 left、top、right、bottom 进行比较,如果不完全相同则表示 View 的位置发生了改变,使用变量 changed 记录
        if (mLeft != left || mRight != right || mTop != top || mBottom != bottom) {
            changed = true;

            // Remember our drawn bit
            int drawn = mPrivateFlags & PFLAG_DRAWN;
            //获取新与旧的宽度和高度
            int oldWidth = mRight - mLeft;
            int oldHeight = mBottom - mTop;
            int newWidth = right - left;
            int newHeight = bottom - top;
            //比较新旧的 width 和 height 是否相同,不同则表示 View 的尺寸发生了变化
            boolean sizeChanged = (newWidth != oldWidth) || (newHeight != oldHeight);

            // Invalidate our old position
            invalidate(sizeChanged);
            //将新的 left、top、right、bottom 进行存储
            mLeft = left;
            mTop = top;
            mRight = right;
            mBottom = bottom;
            mRenderNode.setLeftTopRightBottom(mLeft, mTop, mRight, mBottom);

            mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_HAS_BOUNDS;

            //如果尺寸发生了变化,就调用 sizeChange 方法,该方法又会调用 onSizeChanged 方法,传递 View 的新旧尺寸
            if (sizeChanged) {
                sizeChange(newWidth, newHeight, oldWidth, oldHeight);
            }

            if ((mViewFlags & VISIBILITY_MASK) == VISIBLE || mGhostView != null) {
                // If we are visible, force the DRAWN bit to on so that
                // this invalidate will go through (at least to our parent).
                // This is because someone may have invalidated this view
                // before this call to setFrame came in, thereby clearing
                // the DRAWN bit.
                mPrivateFlags |= PFLAG_DRAWN;
                invalidate(sizeChanged);
                // parent display list may need to be recreated based on a change in the bounds
                // of any child
                invalidateParentCaches();
            }

            // Reset drawn bit to original value (invalidate turns it off)
            mPrivateFlags |= drawn;

            mBackgroundSizeChanged = true;
            mDefaultFocusHighlightSizeChanged = true;
            if (mForegroundInfo != null) {
                mForegroundInfo.mBoundsChanged = true;
            }

            notifySubtreeAccessibilityStateChangedIfNeeded();
        }
        return changed;
    }

ViewGroup的 Layout 过程

前面已经说过,Layout 过程的具体实现其实是在 onLayout 方法中,而 ViewGroup 继承自 View ,那它肯定也实现了 onLayout 方法,我们来看一下:

    @Override
    protected abstract void onLayout(boolean changed,
            int l, int t, int r, int b);

居然是一个抽象方法,为什么是抽象方法其实在介绍 Measure 过程时就已经说过了,因为不同的 ViewGroup 肯定是有各自的实现,不同的实现就让具体的 View 的实现不就行了,所以我们还是要看 LinearLayout 的 onLayout 方法

LinearLayout # onLayout

@Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
        if (mOrientation == VERTICAL) {
            layoutVertical(l, t, r, b);
        } else {
            layoutHorizontal(l, t, r, b);
        }
    }

还是老规矩,只看 layoutVertical 方法

LinearLayout # layoutVertical

layoutVertical 方法比起 measureVertical 代码量上就少了好多了,才 100 行不到,我们一步一步来分析吧

void layoutVertical(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        final int paddingLeft = mPaddingLeft;
        //子 View 布局时使用的 top 值
        int childTop;
        //子 View 布局时使用的 left 值
        int childLeft;

        // Where right end of child should go
        // 当前 view 的最大宽度
        final int width = right - left;
        //减去 paddingRight 后剩余的 width
        int childRight = width - mPaddingRight;

        // Space available for child
        //除去leftPadding以及rightPadding后剩余的宽度
        int childSpace = width - paddingLeft - mPaddingRight;
        //得到子 View 的数量
        final int count = getVirtualChildCount();

        final int majorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.VERTICAL_GRAVITY_MASK;
        final int minorGravity = mGravity & Gravity.RELATIVE_HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK;

        switch (majorGravity) {
           case Gravity.BOTTOM:
               // mTotalLength contains the padding already
               childTop = mPaddingTop + bottom - top - mTotalLength;
               break;

               // mTotalLength contains the padding already
           case Gravity.CENTER_VERTICAL:
               childTop = mPaddingTop + (bottom - top - mTotalLength) / 2;
               break;

           case Gravity.TOP:
           default:
              //初始值
               childTop = mPaddingTop;
               break;
        }
        //遍历子 View
        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
            final View child = getVirtualChildAt(i);
            if (child == null) {
                childTop += measureNullChild(i);
            } else if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
                final int childWidth = child.getMeasuredWidth();
                final int childHeight = child.getMeasuredHeight();

                final LinearLayout.LayoutParams lp =
                        (LinearLayout.LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();

                int gravity = lp.gravity;
                if (gravity < 0) {
                    gravity = minorGravity;
                }
                final int layoutDirection = getLayoutDirection();
                final int absoluteGravity = Gravity.getAbsoluteGravity(gravity, layoutDirection);
                switch (absoluteGravity & Gravity.HORIZONTAL_GRAVITY_MASK) {
                    case Gravity.CENTER_HORIZONTAL:
                        childLeft = paddingLeft + ((childSpace - childWidth) / 2)
                                + lp.leftMargin - lp.rightMargin;
                        break;

                    case Gravity.RIGHT:
                        childLeft = childRight - childWidth - lp.rightMargin;
                        break;

                    case Gravity.LEFT:
                    default:
                        //计算当前子 View 的 left 位置
                        childLeft = paddingLeft + lp.leftMargin;
                        break;
                }

                if (hasDividerBeforeChildAt(i)) {
                    childTop += mDividerHeight;
                }
                //当前子 View 的 top 值
                childTop += lp.topMargin;
                //调用子 view 的 layout 方法
                setChildFrame(child, childLeft, childTop + getLocationOffset(child),
                        childWidth, childHeight);
                childTop += childHeight + lp.bottomMargin + getNextLocationOffset(child);

                i += getChildrenSkipCount(child, i);
            }
        }
    }

setChildFrame 方法

public void setOrientation(@OrientationMode int orientation) {
        if (mOrientation != orientation) {
            mOrientation = orientation;
            requestLayout();
        }
    }

完事,Layout 过程是这三个过程中最简单的一个,没什么需要多说的....

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