慢病毒/腺病毒/腺相关病毒单位PFU MOI
PFU:
维基百科:A plaque-forming unit (PFU) is a measure used in virology to describe the number of virus particles capable of forming plaques per unit volume. It is a proxy measurement rather than a measurement of the absolute quantity of particles: viral particles that are defective or which fail to infect their target cell will not produce a plaque and thus will not be counted.
For example, a solution of tick-borne encephalitis virus with a concentration of 1,000 PFU/μL indicates that 1 μL of the solution contains enough virus particles to produce 1000 infectious plaques in a cell mono-layer, but no inference can be made about the relationship of PFU to number of virus particles. The concept of plaque-forming units of virus is equivalent to the concept of colony-forming units of bacteria.
PFU检测
- 是计算可以在单层细胞中产生空斑的病毒颗粒,而不是病毒总的颗粒数。
- 空斑 (Plaque)是病毒诱导的细胞裂解形成的点状物,可以通过显微镜和肉眼观察。空斑形成单位(Plaque-forming unit, PFU)是单位体积的病毒形成的空斑数,是代表有活性的病毒粒子的浓度单位。PFU测定方法如下:
- 293细胞铺于60 mm dish,24h后细胞密度接近100%后加入不同稀释度的病毒,37℃感染4~8h后,铺8 ml低熔点胶(10%FBS,1.25% Agarose)。培养9~11天后对空斑进行计数来计算腺病毒滴度。
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注:腺病毒滴度还可以通过观测荧光蛋白(若有)或者通过目的基因的WB、免疫荧光或免疫组化等方法测定。
Viral Plaques of Herpes Simplex Virus
实时定量PCR进行病毒滴度检测【VP (viral particles)/mL】
实时定量PCR法是一种简单的、高通量的测定病毒粗提裂解液和纯化病毒样本中腺病毒颗粒数量的方法。每个模板的Ct值与该模板起始拷贝数的对数存在线性关系,利用已知起始拷贝数的标准品可作出标准曲线,最后通过标准曲线对未知模板进行定量分析。
- ① 去除游离DNA分子
先将病毒稀释10倍,以保证样品中游离的DNA充分降解:取5μl病毒至45μl PBS缓冲液中,充分混匀。
37℃ 孵育30 min,95℃加热5min使DNA酶失活。 - ② 去除病毒蛋白外壳
向上述体系中再加入 1μl蛋白酶K(5μg/μl)。37℃ 孵育30 min;再加30ul超纯水稀释至40ul(至此病毒原液稀释100倍),95℃加热5 min使蛋白酶K失活,然后12000rpm,离心2min,取上清进行qPCR检测。 - ③ qPCR 将步骤2得到的上清,取5μl进行10倍梯度稀释,即病毒原液稀释了1000倍。分别取2μl待测样品及标准品作为模板进行qPCR检测。
- ④ 数据分析
病毒颗粒数的计算:病毒颗粒数(VP/mL) =与标准品相对值×1000
infectious units per mL (IFU)
MOI:
Virology blog:Multiplicity of infection (MOI) is a frequently used term in virology which refers to the number of virions that are added per cell during infection. If one million virions are added to one million cells, the MOI is one. If ten million virions are added, the MOI is ten. Add 100,000 virions, and the MOI is 0.1. The concept is straightforward.
病毒感染复数(MOI, Multiplicity of infection):传统的MOI概念起源于噬菌体感染细菌的研究。其含义是感染时噬菌体与细菌的数量比值,也就是平均每个细菌感染噬菌体的数量。噬菌体的数量单位为pfu。
一般认为MOI是一个比值,没有单位,其实其隐含的单位是pfu number/cell。后来MOI被普遍用于病毒感染细胞的研究中,含义是感染时病毒与细胞数量的比值。
Transduction Units per ml (TU/ml):慢病毒滴度计算
滴度单位:TU/ml,指每毫升中含有的具有生物活性的病毒颗粒数。”TU”为”transducing units”的缩写,中文为“转导单位”,表示可以感染并进入到靶细胞中的病毒基因组数。
Lentiviral titer is measured as Transduction Units per ml (TU/ml). One TU produces one integration event in target cells. To calculate the viral titer, it is first necessary to determine the number of Transduction Units (TU) used to infect the cells.