docker centos7下安装

2019-06-26  本文已影响0人  longfou

使用 yum 安装(CentOS 7下)

Docker 要求 CentOS 系统的内核版本高于 3.10 ,查看本页面的前提条件来验证你的CentOS 版本是否支持 Docker 。

通过 **uname -r **命令查看你当前的内核版本

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">[root@runoob ~]# uname -r </pre>

r

安装 Docker

从 2017 年 3 月开始 docker 在原来的基础上分为两个分支版本: Docker CE 和 Docker EE。

Docker CE 即社区免费版,Docker EE 即企业版,强调安全,但需付费使用。

本文介绍 Docker CE 的安装使用。

移除旧的版本:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">$ sudo yum remove docker
docker-client
docker-client-latest
docker-common
docker-latest
docker-latest-logrotate
docker-logrotate
docker-selinux
docker-engine-selinux
docker-engine</pre>

安装一些必要的系统工具:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2</pre>

添加软件源信息:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo</pre>

更新 yum 缓存:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum makecache fast</pre>

安装 Docker-ce:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum -y install docker-ce</pre>

启动 Docker 后台服务

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo systemctl start docker</pre>

测试运行 hello-world

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">[root@runoob ~]# docker run hello-world</pre>

image

由于本地没有hello-world这个镜像,所以会下载一个hello-world的镜像,并在容器内运行。


使用脚本安装 Docker

1、使用 sudoroot 权限登录 Centos。

2、确保 yum 包更新到最新。

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">$ sudo yum update</pre>

3、执行 Docker 安装脚本。

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">curl -fsSL https://get.docker.com -o get-docker.sh sudo sh get-docker.sh</pre>

执行这个脚本会添加 docker.repo 源并安装 Docker。

4、启动 Docker 进程。

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo systemctl start docker</pre>

5、验证 docker 是否安装成功并在容器中执行一个测试的镜像。

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">$ sudo docker run hello-world
docker ps</pre>

到此,Docker 在 CentOS 系统的安装完成。


镜像加速

鉴于国内网络问题,后续拉取 Docker 镜像十分缓慢,我们可以需要配置加速器来解决,我使用的是网易的镜像地址:http://hub-mirror.c.163.com

新版的 Docker 使用 /etc/docker/daemon.json(Linux) 或者 %programdata%\docker\config\daemon.json(Windows) 来配置 Daemon。

请在该配置文件中加入(没有该文件的话,请先建一个):

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">{ "registry-mirrors": ["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"] }</pre>


删除 Docker CE

执行以下命令来删除 Docker CE:

<pre class="prettyprint prettyprinted" style="border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-style: solid; border-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); border-image: initial; margin: 15px auto; padding: 10px 15px; font: 400 12px/20px Menlo, Monaco, Consolas, "Andale Mono", "lucida console", "Courier New", monospace; white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; overflow-wrap: break-word; background: url("/images/codecolorer_bg.gif") center top rgb(251, 251, 251); color: rgb(51, 51, 51); letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">sudo yum remove docker-ce sudo rm -rf /var/lib/docker</pre>

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