MacOS

Mac Catalyst - macOS 控件

2021-08-31  本文已影响0人  LeungKinKeung

顶部状态栏菜单

(这里以QQ体验版为例)


MacCatalyst - Menu Bar.png 
// 在AppDelegate.m里实现以下方法

#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
- (void)buildMenuWithBuilder:(id<UIMenuBuilder>)builder
{
    // 移除“显示（View）”菜单
    [builder removeMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuView];
    // 移除“格式（Format）”菜单
    [builder removeMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuFormat];
    // 移除“服务（Services）”菜单
    [builder removeMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuServices];
    // 移除“新建（New）”菜单
    [builder removeMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuNewScene];
    
    // 添加"偏好设置"，以下采用的是自定义的方案（后面再提供另一种自定义"偏好设置"菜单项的方法，免去翻译的麻烦）
    [builder removeMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuPreferences];
    UIKeyCommand *preferencesItem =
    [UIKeyCommand commandWithTitle:@"偏好设置" // 或：@"Preferences…"
                             image:nil
                            action:@selector(orderFrontPreferencesPanel:)
                             input:@","
                     modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand
                      propertyList:nil];
    UIMenu *preferencesMenu     =
    [UIMenu menuWithTitle:@"Preferences"
                    image:nil
               identifier:UIMenuPreferences
                  options:UIMenuOptionsDisplayInline
                 children:@[preferencesItem]];
    [builder insertSiblingMenu:preferencesMenu afterMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuAbout];
    //[builder insertChildMenu:preferencesMenu atEndOfMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuAbout];// 多级子菜单
    
    // 添加"应用"菜单
    UIKeyCommand *newsItem =
    [UIKeyCommand commandWithTitle:@"动态"
                             image:nil
                            action:@selector(newsMenuItemClick:)
                             input:@"1"
                     modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand
                      propertyList:nil];
    
    UIKeyCommand *createGroupsItem =
    [UIKeyCommand commandWithTitle:@"创建群聊"
                             image:nil
                            action:@selector(createGroupsMenuItemClick:)
                             input:@"2"
                     modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand
                      propertyList:nil];
    
    UIKeyCommand *addFriendItem =
    [UIKeyCommand commandWithTitle:@"加好友/群"
                             image:nil
                            action:@selector(addFriendMenuItemClick:)
                             input:@"3"
                     modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand
                      propertyList:nil];
    
    UIMenu *appMenu =
    [UIMenu menuWithTitle:@"应用"
                    image:nil
               identifier:@"com.qq.menu.app"
                  options:UIMenuOptionsDestructive
                 children:@[newsItem,createGroupsItem,addFriendItem]];
    
    [builder insertSiblingMenu:appMenu afterMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuEdit];
}

- (void)orderFrontStandardAboutPanel:(UICommand *)sender 
{
    // 如果需要自定义"关于"窗口，就实现此方法
}

- (void)orderFrontPreferencesPanel:(UIKeyCommand *)sender
{
    // 点击了"偏好设置"
}

// 其他Action方法不举例了...
#endif

另一种自定义"偏好设置"菜单项的方法，可免去翻译的麻烦：

File -> New -> File... （或Command + N）添加一个Settings Bundle

MacCatalyst - Settings Bundle.png

然后在AppDelegate.m里实现以下方法（不需要上面创建UIMenu的代码）

- (void)orderFrontPreferencesPanel:(UIKeyCommand *)sender
{
    // 显示自定义的"偏好设置"窗口
}
MacCatalyst - Preferences.png

生成的语言：

构建菜单时，菜单使用的语言跟随启动时的系统语言（macOS原生只会生成英文的菜单），使用 [[UIMenuSystem mainSystem] setNeedsRebuild] 后菜单将重置并调用- (void)buildMenuWithBuilder:(id<UIMenuBuilder>)builder方法，但是应用程序启动时系统是什么语言，生成的菜单就是使用什么语言的，就算你切换了别的系统语言

继承关系：

UIMenuElement < UIMenu

UIMenuElement < UICommand < UIKeyCommand（相比UICommand多了个非全局的快捷键功能）

注意菜单项的propertyList（可以看作菜单项的唯一标识符）为空时action是不可以一样的，否则报错：

inserted menu has duplicate submenu, command or key command, or a key command is missing input or action

UIMenuBuilder协议：

// （待补充）
@property (nonatomic, readonly) UIMenuSystem *system;
// 获取菜单项，字符串枚举在UIMenu.h里
- (nullable UIMenu *)menuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)identifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(menu(for:));
// （待补充）
- (nullable UIAction *)actionForIdentifier:(UIActionIdentifier)identifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(action(for:));
// 通过action或propertyList查找菜单项
- (nullable UICommand *)commandForAction:(SEL)action propertyList:(nullable id)propertyList NS_REFINED_FOR_SWIFT;
// 替换菜单
- (void)replaceMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)replacedIdentifier withMenu:(UIMenu *)replacementMenu NS_SWIFT_NAME(replace(menu:with:));
// 遍历子菜单
- (void)replaceChildrenOfMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)parentIdentifier
                         fromChildrenBlock:(NSArray<UIMenuElement *> *(NS_NOESCAPE ^)(NSArray<UIMenuElement *> *))childrenBlock NS_SWIFT_NAME(replaceChildren(ofMenu:from:));
// 以展开的形式把菜单插入到指定位置（详情见下图）
- (void)insertSiblingMenu:(UIMenu *)siblingMenu beforeMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)siblingIdentifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(insertSibling(_:beforeMenu:));
- (void)insertSiblingMenu:(UIMenu *)siblingMenu afterMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)siblingIdentifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(insertSibling(_:afterMenu:));
// 以收起的形式把菜单插入到指定位置（详情见下图）
- (void)insertChildMenu:(UIMenu *)childMenu atStartOfMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)parentIdentifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(insertChild(_:atStartOfMenu:));
- (void)insertChildMenu:(UIMenu *)childMenu atEndOfMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)parentIdentifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(insertChild(_:atEndOfMenu:));
// 移除指定菜单，字符串枚举在UIMenu.h里
- (void)removeMenuForIdentifier:(UIMenuIdentifier)removedIdentifier NS_SWIFT_NAME(remove(menu:));

Sibling Menu和Child Menu的区别（代码示例）

UICommand *children1 =
[UICommand commandWithTitle:@"Children 1"
                      image:nil
                     action:@selector(children1Click:)
               propertyList:nil];
UICommand *children2 =
[UICommand commandWithTitle:@"Children 2"
                      image:nil
                     action:@selector(children2Click:)
               propertyList:nil];
UIMenu *menu    =
[UIMenu menuWithTitle:@"Menu"
                image:nil
           identifier:@"com.qq.menu.testMenu"
              options:UIMenuOptionsDisplayInline
             children:@[children1,children2]];
//[builder insertSiblingMenu:menu afterMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuAbout]; // Sibling Menu
//[builder insertChildMenu:menu atEndOfMenuForIdentifier:UIMenuAbout]; // Child Menu

Sibling Menu：

MacCatalyst - Sibling Menu.png

Child Menu：

MacCatalyst - Child Menu.png

UIMenuElement/UICommand/UIKeyCommand：

// 标题
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *title API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));
// 显示在标题左边的图标
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) UIImage *image API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));
// 鼠标在上面停留一会后出现的文本提示（效果见下图Discoverability Title）
@property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSString *discoverabilityTitle API_AVAILABLE(ios(9.0));
// 菜单项的propertyList为空时action是不可以一样的
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readonly) SEL action;
// 快捷键（a~Z、1~9...）
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readonly) NSString *input;
// 快捷键的修饰键（Command、Shift、Option...）
@property (nonatomic, readonly) UIKeyModifierFlags modifierFlags;
// 假如action是一样的时候，使用此属性来区分命令，可看作为标识符
@property (nullable, nonatomic, readonly) id propertyList API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));
// 状态（效果见下图UIMenuElementAttributes）
@property (nonatomic) UIMenuElementAttributes attributes API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));
// 标题左边的状态图标（效果见下图UIMenuElementState）
@property (nonatomic) UIMenuElementState state API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));

Discoverability Title（例：discoverabilityTitle = @"Discoverability Title";）

MacCatalyst - Discoverability Title.png

UIMenuElementAttributes（UIMenuElementAttributesHidden变为不可见了）：

MacCatalyst - UIMenuElementAttributes.png

UIMenuElementState：

MacCatalyst - UIMenuElementState.png 
// 快捷方式使用不同的修饰键执行不同的方法，比如Command + 1执行A方法，Command + Shift + 1执行B方法
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSArray<UICommandAlternate *> *alternates API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0));

// 在上面的例子的基础上修改：

// 添加"应用"菜单
NSMutableArray *alternates = NSMutableArray.new;
[alternates addObject:[UICommandAlternate alternateWithTitle:@"动态1"
                                                      action:@selector(newsMenuItemClick1:)
                                               modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierShift]];
[alternates addObject:[UICommandAlternate alternateWithTitle:@"动态2"
                                                      action:@selector(newsMenuItemClick2:)
                                               modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierControl]];

UIKeyCommand *newsItem =
[UIKeyCommand commandWithTitle:@"动态"
                         image:nil
                        action:@selector(newsMenuItemClick:)
                         input:@"1"
                 modifierFlags:UIKeyModifierCommand
                  propertyList:nil
                    alternates:alternates];

默认情况（快捷方式：Command + 1）：

MacCatalyst - Key Command Alternates Defalut.png

按下Shift键（快捷方式：Command + Shift + 1）：

MacCatalyst - Key Command Alternates Shift.png

按下Control键（快捷方式：Command + Control + 1）：

MacCatalyst - Key Command Alternates Control.png

鼠标跟踪

UIHoverGestureRecognizer * hover = [[UIHoverGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(hoveringWithRecognizer:)];
[View addGestureRecognizer:hover];

- (void)hoveringWithRecognizer:(UIHoverGestureRecognizer *)recognizer
{
    switch (recognizer.state) {
        case (UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan):
            NSLog(@"鼠标进入了区域");
            break;
        case (UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded):
            NSLog(@"鼠标离开了区域");
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
}

窗口设置

- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)){
    
#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
    UIWindowScene *windowScene  = (UIWindowScene *)scene;
    // 需要乘以1.3才是实际显示在桌面上的大小
    // minimumSize不能少于515 × 370（需要乘以1.3）
    // 但能通过设置maximumSize无视不能小于515 × 370（需要乘以1.3）的限制
    windowScene.sizeRestrictions.minimumSize =
    windowScene.sizeRestrictions.maximumSize = CGSizeMake(200 * 1.3, 130 * 1.3);
    
    UITitlebar *titlebar        = windowScene.titlebar;
    // 不要显示窗口工具栏的标题
    titlebar.titleVisibility    = UITitlebarTitleVisibilityHidden;
    // 不要显示窗口顶部的工具栏，需隐藏窗口工具栏的标题才能生效
    titlebar.toolbar.visible    = NO;
#endif
}
MacCatalyst - Toolbar Hidden.png

工具栏

需要先导入AppKit框架

#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
#import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
#endif

遵循<NSToolbarDelegate>协议

#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
@interface SceneDelegate () <NSToolbarDelegate>
#else
@interface SceneDelegate ()
#endif

然后在Scene Delegate里添加代码，例：

- (void)scene:(UIScene *)scene willConnectToSession:(UISceneSession *)session options:(UISceneConnectionOptions *)connectionOptions API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) {

#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
    UITitlebar *titlebar        = self.window.windowScene.titlebar;
    NSToolbar *toolbar          = [[NSToolbar alloc] initWithIdentifier:@"DefaultToolbar"];
    titlebar.toolbar            = toolbar;
    toolbar.delegate            = self;
    toolbar.displayMode         = NSToolbarDisplayModeIconOnly;
#endif
}

#if TARGET_OS_MACCATALYST
-(NSArray<NSToolbarItemIdentifier> *)toolbarAllowedItemIdentifiers:(NSToolbar *)toolbar{
    return @[@"ToolbarAddItem",@"ToolbarRemoveItem"];
}

-(NSArray<NSToolbarItemIdentifier> *)toolbarDefaultItemIdentifiers:(NSToolbar *)toolbar{
    return @[@"ToolbarAddItem",@"ToolbarRemoveItem"];
}

- (NSToolbarItem *)toolbar:(NSToolbar *)toolbar itemForItemIdentifier:(NSString *)itemIdentifier willBeInsertedIntoToolbar:(BOOL)flag {
    
    // 根据item标识返回每个具体的NSToolbarItem对象实例（设置title或image后target需要重新设置，否则出现不能点击的问题）
    NSToolbarItem *toolbarItem  = [[NSToolbarItem alloc] initWithItemIdentifier:itemIdentifier];
    toolbarItem.bordered        = YES;
    
    if ([itemIdentifier isEqualToString:@"ToolbarAddItem"]) {
        toolbarItem.title       = @"添加";
        toolbarItem.target      = self;
        toolbarItem.action      = @selector(toolbarAddItemClicked:);
        
    } else if ([itemIdentifier isEqualToString:@"ToolbarRemoveItem"]) {
        toolbarItem.title       = @"移除";
        toolbarItem.target      = self;
        toolbarItem.action      = @selector(toolbarRemoveItemClicked:);
        
    } else {
        toolbarItem             = nil;
    }
    return toolbarItem;
}

- (void)toolbarAddItemClicked:(NSToolbarItem *)sender{
    NSLog(@"点击了 %@",sender.title);
}

- (void)toolbarRemoveItemClicked:(NSToolbarItem *)sender{
    NSLog(@"点击了 %@",sender.title);
}
#endif
MacCatalyst - Toolbar.png

右键菜单

需要遵循<UIContextMenuInteractionDelegate>协议，且在视图对象初始化时调用-addInteraction:方法

UIContextMenuInteraction *interaction = [[UIContextMenuInteraction alloc] initWithDelegate:self];
[view addInteraction:interaction];

然后实现此方法

- (UIContextMenuConfiguration *)contextMenuInteraction:(UIContextMenuInteraction *)interaction configurationForMenuAtLocation:(CGPoint)location;

例子：

@interface ViewController ()<UITableViewDelegate,UITableViewDataSource,UIContextMenuInteractionDelegate>

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    
    self.tableview.delegate = self;
    self.tableview.dataSource = self;
}

- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section
{
    return 10;
}

- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
    UITableViewCell *cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:@"1"];
    if (cell == nil) {
        cell = [[UITableViewCell alloc] initWithStyle:0 reuseIdentifier:@"1"];
        // 视图对象初始化时调用
        if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
            UIContextMenuInteraction *interaction = [[UIContextMenuInteraction alloc] initWithDelegate:self];
            [cell addInteraction:interaction];
        }
    }
    cell.textLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Row = %ld",indexPath.row];
    
    return cell;
}

- (UIContextMenuConfiguration *)contextMenuInteraction:(UIContextMenuInteraction *)interaction configurationForMenuAtLocation:(CGPoint)location API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) 
{
    return [UIContextMenuConfiguration configurationWithIdentifier:nil previewProvider:nil actionProvider:^UIMenu * _Nullable(NSArray<UIMenuElement *> * _Nonnull suggestedActions) {
        
        // 一般使用UIAction或UICommand对象
        NSMutableArray <UIMenuElement *>*children = NSMutableArray.new;
        
        [children addObject:[UIAction actionWithTitle:@"菜单项1" image:nil identifier:nil handler:^(__kindof UIAction * _Nonnull action) {
            NSLog(@"点击了菜单项1");
        }]];
        
        [children addObject:[UICommand commandWithTitle:@"菜单项2" image:nil action:@selector(menuItem2Clicked:) propertyList:nil]];
        
        return [UIMenu menuWithTitle:@"Menu" children:children];
    }];
}

- (void)menuItem2Clicked:(UICommand *)sender API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) 
{
    NSLog(@"点击了菜单项2");
}

@end
MacCatalyst - Mouse Right Menu.png

示例代码：https://github.com/LeungKinKeung/MacCatalyst

如果需要使用更多AppKit的控件，请参阅《Mac Catalyst - macOS AppKit 插件》

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