【Beyond Feelings】N0.3-5 The Infl
About Sophie:
As an English lover, she is trying to read and translate ** Beyond Feelings ** * in spare time recently.
Welcome to correct it and communicate with her.
Thanks a lot.*
Sophie's Words:
时空影响这一节里,作者列举了一系列的例子说明不同时期、不同地区的不同环境、认知、理念以及习惯,对人们思维模式的影响。
时间在变,相同地区人们的认知理念在变;相同时间,不同地区人们的守时观念、饮食习惯等又大相径庭。
比如关于饮食习惯的一段描写很有趣:
美国人吃牡蛎但不吃蜗牛,法国人吃蜗牛但不吃蝗虫,非洲东部祖鲁人吃蝗虫但不吃鱼,犹太人吃鱼但不吃猪肉,印度教徒吃猪肉但不吃牛肉,俄罗斯人吃牛肉但不吃蛇,中国人吃蛇但不吃人,新几内亚(澳大利亚北方岛屿)的Jalé人则觉得人是美味.
翻译的过程中会有很多有趣的事情发生:
为了了解某一个术语的特定含义,会去查百度,查维基百科;会去为了某一句话而仔细斟酌,去请教专业英语人士;或者请教学习哲学的人;不再为了完成阅读量而阅读;但是自己还没有买VPN,所以没法查阅谷歌。
同时也感到中文表达能力的欠缺,不少地方总感觉翻译不到位,不够地道;不过第一次就任其粗陋吧,慢慢迭代就好了。
另一个感受很多时候我们对于新事物的第一反应都是持一种迟疑的态度,有时候会任由某些事情带给自己限制,比如我迟迟不为自己打通谷歌通道,其实和年纪大的人不再学习新东西没什么两样,很耗能量——就像没有构建好基础设施的农村。
书本为我们打开一个新的认知世界的通道,虽然我们不曾穿越千年,亦难以穷尽世界的每一个角落,但文字却以其特有的生命力为我们传达这个世界的精彩与美好。
如果你喜欢阅读,恰好也在读【Beyond Feelings】这本书,欢迎交流!
2017/4/27
1.1 The Influence of Time and Place
Not only are you a member of a particular species, Homo sapiens, but you also exist at a particular time in the history of that species and in a particular place on the planet. That time and place are defined by specific circumstances, understandings, beliefs, and customs, all of which limit your experience and influence your thought patterns. If you had lived in America in colonial times, you likely would have had no objection to the practice of **barring ** women from serving on a jury, entering into a legal contract, owning property, or voting. If you had lived in the nineteenth century, you would have had no objection to young children being denied an education and being hired out by their parents to work sixteen hours a day, nor would you have given any thought to the special needs of adolescence. (The concept of adolescence was not invented until 1904.)1
译文:
1.1 时空的影响
时间的影响:
你不仅是特殊人种——智人的一员,你还存在于那个物种历史中的特定时间,地球上的一个特定对方。这个时空由特殊的环境、认知、理念以及习惯来限定,这所有的一切限定了你的经历,影响着你的思维模式。如果你曾生活在美国殖民时期,你可能不会反对禁止妇女在陪审团供职,拥有法律合同、财产,或投票选举。如果你生活在19世纪,你就不会反对儿童不被父母送去接受教育,被雇佣出去,一天干上十六个小时的活,也不会对【adolescence】青春期的特殊要求有任何想法。(【adolescence】一词知道1904年才发明。)1
Homo sapiens /ˈhəʊməʊ ˈsæpɪˌɛnz/ 智人(现代人的学名);人类
** colonial times殖民时代
colonial英 [kə'ləʊnɪəl] 美 [kə'lonɪəl]n. 殖民地居民adj. 殖民地的,殖民的
time+s表时代,次数,背熟
have no objection 没有反对意见
** bar英 [bɑː] 美 [bɑr]
n. 条棒;酒吧;障碍;法庭
vt. 禁止;阻拦prep. 除……外
hire out出租,受雇
legal contract 合法的契约,合法合同
give thought to 考虑到,想一想
** adolescence**英 [ædə'les(ə)ns] 美 [,ædə'lɛsns] n. 青春期
If you had been raised in the Middle East, you would stand much closer to people you converse with than you do in America. If you had been raised in India, you might be perfectly comfortable having your parents choose your spouse for you. If your native language were Spanish and your knowledge of English modest, you probably would be confused by some English colloquialisms. James Henslin offers two amusing examples of such confusion: Chevrolet Novas initially sold very poorly in Mexico because no va in Spanish means “it doesn’t work”; and Perdue chickens were regarded with a certain suspicion (or worse) because the company’s slogan—”It takes a tough man to make a tender chicken”—became in Spanish “It takes an aroused man to make a chicken** affectionate**.”2
译文:
空间的影响:
如果你曾在中东地区长大,与在美国长大的人相比,那么在和人交谈时你就会和人站得更近。如果你曾在印度长大,那么让你父母为你择偶你会感到很舒心。如果你的母语是西班牙语而且你的英语知识平平,那你可能就会一些英语口语搞得一头雾水。James Henslin 举了两个关于这方面的例子:美国雪佛兰诺瓦斯(Chevrolet Novas通用保有量最大的汽车品牌之一)最初在墨西哥销量很低,因为no va在西班牙语中是“它不工作”;另一个是柏杜鸡(Perdue chicken)曾因为公司的广告词“硬汉才能做嫩鸡”而被认为质疑(甚至更糟),在西班牙语中则变成了“需要一个硬汉才能让一只鸡燃起欲火——人鸡深情”。
Middle East 中东(一般泛指欧,亚,非三大洲连接的地区)
converse英 [kən'vɜːs;ˈkɒn-] 美 [kən'vəʳs]
vi. 交谈,谈话;认识 adj. 相反的,逆向的;颠倒的
n. 逆行,逆向;倒;相反的事物匡威(服装品牌)
美国人吃牡蛎但不吃蜗牛,法国人吃蜗牛但不吃蝗虫,非洲东部祖鲁人吃蝗虫但不吃鱼,犹太人吃鱼但不吃猪肉,印度教徒吃猪肉但不吃牛肉,俄罗斯人吃牛肉但不吃蛇,中国人吃蛇但不吃人,新几内亚(澳大利亚北方岛屿)的Jalé”则觉得人是美味
** colloquialism** 英 [kə'ləʊkwɪəlɪz(ə)m] 美 [kə'lokwɪəlɪzəm]
n. 白话,口语;口语体;方言用语
** Chevrolet** [ʃɛvrə'le]n. 美国雪佛兰牌汽车
Perdue chicken[pɛrdy]柏杜鸡
affectionate英 [ə'fekʃ(ə)nət] 美 [ə'fɛkʃənət]adj. 深情的;adj. 充满爱的;
People who grow up in Europe, Asia, or South America have very different ideas of punctuality. As Daniel Goleman explains, “Five minutes is late but permissible for a business appointment in the U.S., but thirty minutes is normal in Arab countries. In England five to fifteen minutes is the ‘correct’ lateness for one invited to dinner; an Italian might come two hours late, an Ethiopian still later, a Javanese not at all, having accepted only to prevent his host’s losing face.”3 A different ethnic origin would also mean different tastes in food. Instead of craving a New York Strip steak and french fries, you might crave “raw monkey brains” or “camel’s milk cheese patties cured in dry camel’s dung” and washed down with “warm camel’s blood.”4 Sociologist Ian Robertson summed up the range of global dietary differences succinctly: “Americans eat oysters but not snails. The French eat snails but not locusts. The Zulus eat locusts but not fish. The Jews eat fish but not pork. The Hindus eat pork but not beef. The Russians eat beef but not snakes. The Chinese eat snakes but not people. The Jalé of New Guinea find people delicious.”5[Note: The reference to Hindus is mistaken.]
译文:
全球各地不同的时间观念及饮食习惯:
在欧洲、亚洲或南非长大的人守时观念各不一样。正如Daniel Goleman解释道:“在美国对于一个商务约会迟到五分钟是允许的;但在阿拉伯国家三十分钟则很正常。参加一个宴会,在英国,五到十分钟则是正确的迟来时间;在意大利则可能是晚到2个小时;在埃塞俄比亚则会更晚;但在爪哇国则根本不会去,他们应约不过是为了不失主人面子。”3
不同种族的人食物口味同样会有不同。对纽约客条带牛排和法式炸鸡无感,你可能会更加想要常常“原猴脑”或者在干骆驼粪里熏过、用热的骆驼血洗过的“骆驼奶酪馅饼”4。社会学家Ian Robertson 曾简洁地总结了全球范围的饮食差异:“美国人吃牡蛎但不吃蜗牛,法国人吃蜗牛但不吃蝗虫,非洲东部祖鲁人吃蝗虫但不吃鱼,犹太人吃鱼但不吃猪肉,印度教徒吃猪肉但不吃牛肉,俄罗斯人吃牛肉但不吃蛇,中国人吃蛇但不吃人,新几内亚(澳大利亚北方岛屿)的Jalé”则觉得人是美味。5
【注:非洲东部祖鲁人的参考有误】
punctuality英 [,pʌŋktjʊ'ælɪtɪ] 美 [ˌpʌŋktʃʊˈælətɪ]n. 严守时间;正确;规矩
permissible英 [pə'mɪsɪb(ə)l] 美 [pɚ'mɪsəbl]adj. 可允许的;获得准许的
lateness['letnɪs]n. 晚,迟
Ethiopian英 [,i:θi'əupiən] adj. 埃塞俄比亚的;黑人的n. 埃塞俄比亚人;黑人
Javanese英 [,dʒɑ:və'ni:z] adj. 爪哇的;爪哇语的;爪哇人的n. 爪哇语;爪哇人
Javanese英 [,dʒɑ:və'ni:z] adj. 爪哇的;爪哇语的;爪哇人的n. 爪哇语;爪哇人
crave英 [kreɪv] 美 [krev] vt. 渴望;恳求vi. 渴望;恳求
patty英 ['pætɪ] 美 ['pæti] n. 肉饼;小馅饼
dung英 [dʌŋ] 美 [dʌŋ] vt. 施粪肥于n. 粪
sociologist 英 [,səʊsɪ'ɒlədʒɪst] 美 [,sosɪ'ɑlədʒɪst]n. 社会学家
succinctly 英 [sək'siŋktli] adv. 简洁地;简便地
locust 英 ['ləʊkəst] 美 ['lokəst] n. [植保] 蝗虫,[昆] 蚱蜢
Zulus ['zʊlʊ] n. 祖鲁族;祖鲁人
Hindu 英 ['hindu:; 'hin'du:] adj. 印度教的;印度的n. 印度人;印度教教徒
Jew [dʒu:] n. 犹太人;犹太教徒;守财奴 vt. 杀价;欺骗
New Guinea 英 ['gɪnɪ] 美 ['ɡɪni] 新几内亚(澳大利亚北方岛屿)
To sum up, living in a different age or culture would make you a different person. Even if you rebelled against the values of your time and place, they still would represent the context of your life—in other words, they still would influence your responses.
译文:
总之,生活的年代、文化不同,会使你成为一个不同的人。即使你反抗你生存时代的价值观,它们仍然会代表你的生活——换句话说,它们仍会影响你的答案。