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Lucene7.2.1系列(二)luke使用及索引文档的基本操作

2018-04-03  本文已影响182人  Snailclimb

系列文章:

Lucene系列(一)快速入门

Lucene系列(二)luke使用及索引文档的基本操作

Lucene系列(三)查询及高亮

<font color="#0066CC">luke入门</font>

<font color="#0066CC">简介:</font>

github地址https://github.com/DmitryKey/luke

下载地址https://github.com/DmitryKey/luke/releases

luke图标
Luke是一个用于Lucene/Solr/Elasticsearch 搜索引擎的,方便开发和诊断的 GUI(可视化)工具。

它有以下功能:

<font color="#0066CC">luke适用的搜索引擎</font>

<font color="#0066CC">下载安装与简单使用</font>

<font color="#0066CC">下载安装</font>

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<font color="#0066CC">索引文档的CRUD操作</font>

  1. <font color="#00CC00">创建项目并添加Maven依赖</font>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.lucene/lucene-core -->
        <!-- Lucene核心库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-core</artifactId>
            <version>7.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Lucene解析库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-queryparser</artifactId>
            <version>7.2.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Lucene附加的分析库 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.lucene</groupId>
            <artifactId>lucene-analyzers-common</artifactId>
            <version>7.2.1</version>
        </dependency>

我们下面要用到单元测试,所以这里我们添加了Junit单元测试的依赖(版本为4.12,2018/3/30日最新的版本)

  1. <font color="#00CC00">相关测试代码</font>

主方法:

package lucene_index_crud;

import java.nio.file.Paths;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Field;
import org.apache.lucene.document.StringField;
import org.apache.lucene.document.TextField;
import org.apache.lucene.index.DirectoryReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexReader;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriter;
import org.apache.lucene.index.IndexWriterConfig;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;
import org.junit.Test;

public class Txt1 {
    // 下面是测试用到的数据
    private String ids[] = { "1", "2", "3" };
    private String citys[] = { "qingdao", "nanjing", "shanghai" };
    private String descs[] = { "Qingdao is a beautiful city.", "Nanjing is a city of culture.",
            "Shanghai is a bustling city." };
    //Directory对象  
    private Directory dir;
}

相关测试方法编写:

<font color="#99CCCC">1)测试创建索引</font>

    /**
     * 创建索引
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testWriteIndex() throws Exception {
        //写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexWriter writer = getWriter();
        for (int i = 0; i < ids.length; i++) {
            //创建文档对象,文档是索引和搜索的单位。
            Document doc = new Document();
            doc.add(new StringField("id", ids[i], Field.Store.YES));
            doc.add(new StringField("city", citys[i], Field.Store.YES));
            doc.add(new TextField("desc", descs[i], Field.Store.NO));
            // 添加文档
            writer.addDocument(doc); 
        }
        writer.close();
    }

通过luke查看相关信息:


desc
city
id

注意: 创建索引之后,后续测试方法才能正确运行。

<font color="#99CCCC">2)测试写入了几个文档:</font>

    /**
     * 测试写了几个文档
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testIndexWriter() throws Exception {
        //写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexWriter writer = getWriter();
        System.out.println("写入了" + writer.numDocs() + "个文档");
        writer.close();
    }
testIndexWriter()

<font color="#99CCCC">3)测试读取了几个文档:</font>

    /**
     * 测试读取了几个文档
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testIndexReader() throws Exception {
        //写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexReader reader = DirectoryReader.open(dir);
        System.out.println("最大文档数:" + reader.maxDoc());
        System.out.println("实际文档数:" + reader.numDocs());
        reader.close();
    }
testIndexReader()

<font color="#99CCCC">4)测试删除 在合并前:</font>

    /**
     * 测试删除 在合并前
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testDeleteBeforeMerge() throws Exception {
        //写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexWriter writer = getWriter();
        System.out.println("删除前:" + writer.numDocs());
        writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));
        writer.commit();
        System.out.println("writer.maxDoc():" + writer.maxDoc());
        System.out.println("writer.numDocs():" + writer.numDocs());
        writer.close();
    }
testDeleteBeforeMerge()

<font color="#99CCCC">5)测试删除 在合并后:</font>

我们这里先把dataindex目录下的文件删除,然后运行上面的testWriteIndex() 方法之后再测试。

    /**
     * 测试删除 在合并后
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testDeleteAfterMerge() throws Exception {
           //写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexWriter writer = getWriter();
        System.out.println("删除前:" + writer.numDocs());
        writer.deleteDocuments(new Term("id", "1"));
        writer.forceMergeDeletes(); // 强制删除
        writer.commit();
        System.out.println("writer.maxDoc():" + writer.maxDoc());
        System.out.println("writer.numDocs():" + writer.numDocs());
        writer.close();
    }
testDeleteAfterMerge()

<font color="#99CCCC">6)测试更新操作:</font>

我们这里先把dataindex目录下的文件删除,然后运行上面的testWriteIndex() 方法之后再测试。

    /**
     * 测试更新
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Test
    public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
        // 写入索引文档的路径
        dir = FSDirectory.open(Paths.get("D:\\lucene\\index_crud\\indexdata"));
        IndexWriter writer = getWriter();
        Document doc = new Document();
        doc.add(new StringField("id", "1", Field.Store.YES));
        doc.add(new StringField("city", "beijing", Field.Store.YES));
        doc.add(new TextField("desc", "beijing is a city.", Field.Store.NO));
        writer.updateDocument(new Term("id", "1"), doc);
        writer.close();
    }
desc
city

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Lucene我想暂时先更新到这里,仅仅这三篇文章想掌握Lucene是远远不够的。另外我这里三篇文章都用的最新的jar包,Lucene更新太快,5系列后的版本和之前的有些地方还是有挺大差距的,就比如为文档域设置权值的setBoost方法6.6以后已经被废除了等等。因为时间有限,所以我就草草的看了一下Lucene的官方文档,大多数内容还是看java1234网站的这个视频来学习的,然后在版本和部分代码上做了改进。截止2018/4/1,上述代码所用的jar包皆为最新。

最后推荐一下自己觉得还不错的Lucene学习网站/博客:

官方网站:[Welcome to Apache Lucene](Welcome to Apache Lucene)

Github:Apache Lucene and Solr

Lucene专栏

搜索系统18:lucene索引文件结构

Lucene6.6的介绍和使用

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