linux 下python3 安装及虚拟环境搭建

1.下载并安装python

[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]#：wget -c https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.3.7/Python-3.3.7.tgz
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# tar -xf Python-3.3.7.tgz
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]#  cd Python-3.3.7
[root@test82-devjenkins Python-3.3.7]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
[root@test82-devjenkins Python-3.3.7]#  make ; make install 
[root@test82-devjenkins Python-3.3.7]# echo $?

2.下载安装pip环境

安装方法1

[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# wget https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py
###将get-pip.py中第一行的#!/usr/bin/env python替换成本地python3的地址/usr/local/python3/bin/python3
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# ./get-pip.py 
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# /usr/local/python3/bin/pip -V
pip 9.0.1 from /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.3/site-packages (python 3.3)

或者直接根据下面的方法

安装方法2

python3 -m pip install --user --upgrade pip

3.安装python的虚拟环境

(1)安装

[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# /usr/local/python3/bin/pip install virtualenv
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv --version
15.1.0

(2)创建

[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# /usr/local/python3/bin/virtualenv  /home/ansible/.python3/

(3)使用

[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# source  /home/ansible/.python3/bin/activate
(.python3) [root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# python -V
Python 3.3.7
(.python3) [root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# deactivate 
[root@test82-devjenkins pkgs]# 

python编程时设置环境变量为/home/ansible/.python3/bin/python 即可

查看虚拟环境安装的Python 包

pip list #查看安装的包
pip freeze >requirements.txt

参考链接：

• python官网
• pip 官方文档地址
• virtualenv 环境安装链接