iOS QuartzCore 动画和Layer层

动画

• CAAnimation<CAMediaTiming, CAAction> 动画基类,不直接调用

//创建一个动画对象
+ (instancetype)animation;
//一个计时函数，定义动画的节奏。默认值为nil，表示线性节奏。
@property(nullable, strong) CAMediaTimingFunction *timingFunction;
//动画代理,注意此处修饰符为strong，这是iOS内存管理中的特例。代理最常用的修饰符是weak。
@property(nullable, strong) id <CAAnimationDelegate> delegate;

• CAMediaTimingFunction

//创建定时函数。目前支持的名称是“linear”，“easeIn”，“easeOut”和“easeInEaseOut”和“default”(由Core Animation创建的隐式动画使用的曲线)。
+ (instancetype)functionWithName:(CAMediaTimingFunctionName)name;
//线性运动
kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear
//慢入快出
kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn
//快入慢出
kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseOut
//慢入慢出
kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut
//默认
kCAMediaTimingFunctionDefault

• CAAnimationDelegate

@optional
//动画开始
- (void)animationDidStart:(CAAnimation *)anim;
//动画结束
- (void)animationDidStop:(CAAnimation *)anim finished:(BOOL)flag;

• CAMediaTiming 协议

@property CFTimeInterval beginTime;
@property CFTimeInterval duration;
@property float speed;
@property CFTimeInterval timeOffset;
@property float repeatCount;
@property CFTimeInterval repeatDuration;
@property BOOL autoreverses;
@property(copy) CAMediaTimingFillMode fillMode;

• CAAction 协议

- (void)runActionForKey:(NSString *)event object:(id)anObject arguments:(nullable NSDictionary *)dict;

• CAPropertyAnimation 属性动画基类，不直接调用，是CAAnimation的一个子类

//创建一个属性动画，path指的是layer的属性，哪些属性可作为path,这篇博客总结很全面 [https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42792413/article/details/86506479]
+ (instancetype)animationWithKeyPath:(nullable NSString *)path;
//可动画的属性
@property(nullable, copy) NSString *keyPath;
//该属性指定该属性动画是否以当前动画效果为基础
@property(getter=isAdditive) BOOL additive;
//该属性指定动画是否为累加效果
@property(getter=isCumulative) BOOL cumulative;
//valueFunction是专门为了transform动画而设置的，因为我们没有办法直接改变transform3D中的属性，通过这个参数，可以帮助我们直接操作transfrom3D属性变化产生动画效果
@property(nullable, strong) CAValueFunction *valueFunction;

• CAValueFunction

//创建一个 CAValueFunction
+ (nullable instancetype)functionWithName:(CAValueFunctionName)name;
//绕X轴旋转
kCAValueFunctionRotateX
//绕Y轴旋转
kCAValueFunctionRotateY
//绕Z轴旋转
kCAValueFunctionRotateZ
//沿X轴缩放
kCAValueFunctionScaleX
//沿Y轴缩放
kCAValueFunctionScaleY
//沿Z轴缩放
kCAValueFunctionScaleZ
//沿X轴平移
kCAValueFunctionTranslateX
//沿Y轴平移
kCAValueFunctionTranslateY
//沿Z轴平移
kCAValueFunctionTranslateZ
//和CATransform3D的对应关系
CATransform3D{
    rotation旋转
    transform.rotation.x
    transform.rotation.y
    transform.rotation.z

    scale缩放
    transform.scale.x
    transform.scale.y
    transform.scale.z

    translation平移
    transform.translation.x
    transform.translation.y
    transform.translation.z
}

• CABasicAnimation 基础动画，依然是属性动画，直接调用，是CAPropertyAnimation 的子类

//动画起始值，id类型，可是多种类型
@property(nullable, strong) id fromValue;
//动画结束值
@property(nullable, strong) id toValue;
//动画相对起始值的变化
@property(nullable, strong) id byValue;
//举例，修改背景色
CABasicAnimation *anim = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"backgroundColor"];
anim.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
anim.fromValue = (id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor;
anim.toValue = (id)[UIColor greenColor].CGColor; anim.duration = 1.0;
anim.repeatCount = 1;
anim.removedOnCompletion = NO;
anim.fillMode = kCAFillModeForwards;
[layer addAnimation:anim forKey:@"bColor"];

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