Promise 实现

关于Promise是什么，不做赘述。

属性

首先一个Promise类，要有如下属性：

• status： pending resolved/fulfilled rejected
• result

实例方法

• then 返回一个promise实例，参数是两个回调函数，当状态转变为resolved时，执行第一个回调函数，当状态转变为rejected时，执行第二个回调函数
• catch 传入一个回调函数，相当于then方法传入的第二个参数
• finally

静态方法

• all
• race

实现

首先我们看一下Promise是怎么使用的

new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
  setTimeout(() => resolve, 100)
})

可以看出Promise对象在创建实例时就要执行传入其构造函数的方法A，维护实例的状态，并且要重新封装resolve和reject方法，替代A，以便第一时间获取状态更新。

构造函数

function MyPromise(executor) {
  this.status = 'pending'
  this.result = null
  const resolve = (data) => {
    if (this.status !== 'pending') {
      return
    }
    this.state = 'resolved'
    this.result = data
    while (this.onResolvedCallbacks.length > 0) {
      this.onResolvedCallbacks.shift()()
      this.onRejectedCallbacks.shift()
    }
  }
  const reject = (data) => {
    if (this.status !== 'pending') return
    this.status = 'rejected'
    this.result = data
    while (this.onRejectedCallbacks.length > 0) {
      this.onResolvedCallbacks.shift()
      this.onRejectedCallbacks.shift()()
    }
  }
  executor(resolve, reject)
}

then

MyPromise.prototype.then = function (onResolved, onRejected) {
    // 如果传入参数不是函数，为其初始化为空函数
    onResolved = typeof onResolved === 'function' ? onResolved : ()=>{}
    onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : ()=>{}

    return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
        // this指向执行then方法的MyPromise实例
        if(this.status === 'resolved') {
            let res = onResolved(this.result)   // then方法的返回值
            resolve(res)    // 传递给下一个then
        }
        if(this.status === 'rejected' && onRejected) {
            let err = onRejected(this.result)
            reject(err)
        }
        // 说明前一步还没有完成，先保存两个回调，等待完成后再执行
        if(this.status === 'pending') {
            this.onResolvedCallbacks.push(()=>{
                let res = onResolved(this.result)
                resolve(res)
            })
            this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(()=>{
                let err = onRejected(this.result)
                reject(err)
            })
        }
    })
}

catch

MyPromise.prototype.catch = function (onRejected) {
  if (this.status === 'rejected') {
    onRejected(this.result)
  }
  if (this.status === 'pending') {
    this.onResolvedCallbacks.push(() => {})
    this.onRejectedCallbacks.push(() => {
      onRejected(ths.result)
    })
  }
}

all

MyPromise.prototype.all = function (promiseArrary) {
  const values = []
  let count = 0
  return new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
    promiseArray.forEach((p, index) => {
      p = p instanceof MyPromise ? p : new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => resolve(p))
      p.then(
        (value) => {
          count++
          values[index] = value
          if (count === promiseArray.length) {
            resolve(values)
          }
        },
        (err) => reject(error)
      )
    })
  })
}

race

MyPromise.prototype.race = function(promiseArray) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    promiseArray.forEach((p, index) => {
      p = p instanceof Promise ? p : new Promise((resolve, reject) => resolve(p))
      p.then(value => {
        resolve(value)
      }, err => reject(err))
    })
  })
}