IOS框架:AFNetworking(下)

2020-10-26  本文已影响0人  时光啊混蛋_97boy

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目录

IOS框架:AFNetworking(中)

六、UIKit扩展与缓存实现

1、AFNetworkActivityIndicatorManager :网络请求时状态栏的小菊花

前言:AF对NSURLSessionTask中做了一个Method Swizzling,把它的resumesuspend方法做了一个替换,在原有实现的基础上添加了一个通知的发送。AFNetworkActivityIndicatorManager就是基于这两个通知和task完成的通知来实现的。

a、使用方式
#import <AFNetworkReachabilityManager.h>

[[AFNetworkActivityIndicatorManager sharedManager] setEnabled:YES];
b、初始化
+ (instancetype)sharedManager {
    static AFNetworkActivityIndicatorManager *_sharedManager = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t oncePredicate;
    dispatch_once(&oncePredicate, ^{
        _sharedManager = [[self alloc] init];
    });

    return _sharedManager;
}

- (instancetype)init {
    self = [super init];
    if (!self) {
        return nil;
    }
    //设置状态为没有request活跃
    self.currentState = AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive;
    //开始下载通知
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(networkRequestDidStart:) name:AFNetworkingTaskDidResumeNotification object:nil];
    //挂起通知
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(networkRequestDidFinish:) name:AFNetworkingTaskDidSuspendNotification object:nil];
    //完成通知
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(networkRequestDidFinish:) name:AFNetworkingTaskDidCompleteNotification object:nil];
    //开始延迟
    self.activationDelay = kDefaultAFNetworkActivityManagerActivationDelay;
    //结束延迟
    self.completionDelay = kDefaultAFNetworkActivityManagerCompletionDelay;

    return self;
}

state是一个枚举:

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, AFNetworkActivityManagerState) {
    AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive,//没有请求
    AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingStart,//请求延迟开始
    AFNetworkActivityManagerStateActive,//请求进行中
    AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingEnd//请求延迟结束
};

延迟开始和延迟结束怎么理解呢?原来这是AF对请求菊花显示做的一个优化处理,试问如果一个请求时间很短,那么菊花很可能闪一下就结束了。如果很多请求过来,那么菊花会不停的闪啊闪,这显然并不是我们想要的效果。所以多了这两个参数,在一个请求开始的时候,延迟一会再去转动菊花,如果在这延迟时间内,请求结束了,那么就不需要去转菊花了。但是一旦转动菊花这个动画开始,哪怕很短请求就结束了,还是会去转一个时间片再结束,这时间就是延迟结束的时间。

❷ 接着监听了开始下载、挂起、完成的通知,即监听了当前正在进行的网络请求的状态。
通知触发调用的方法:

//请求开始
- (void)networkRequestDidStart:(NSNotification *)notification {
    if ([AFNetworkRequestFromNotification(notification) URL]) {
        //增加请求活跃数
        [self incrementActivityCount];
    }
}

//请求结束
- (void)networkRequestDidFinish:(NSNotification *)notification {
    //返回这个通知的request,用来判断request是否是有效的
    if ([AFNetworkRequestFromNotification(notification) URL]) {
        //减少请求活跃数
        [self decrementActivityCount];
    }
}

加减方法的实现如下:

//增加请求活跃数
- (void)incrementActivityCount {
    
    //活跃的网络数+1,并手动发送KVO
    [self willChangeValueForKey:@"activityCount"];
    @synchronized(self) {
        _activityCount++;
    }
    [self didChangeValueForKey:@"activityCount"];

    //主线程去做
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        [self updateCurrentStateForNetworkActivityChange];
    });
}

//减少请求活跃数
- (void)decrementActivityCount {
    [self willChangeValueForKey:@"activityCount"];
    @synchronized(self) {
#pragma clang diagnostic push
#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wgnu"
        _activityCount = MAX(_activityCount - 1, 0);
#pragma clang diagnostic pop
    }
    [self didChangeValueForKey:@"activityCount"];

    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
        [self updateCurrentStateForNetworkActivityChange];
    });
}

task的几个状态的通知是在多线程的环境下发送过来的,所以这里对活跃数的加减,都用了@synchronized这种方式的锁,进行了线程保护,然后回到主线程调用了updateCurrentStateForNetworkActivityChange

接着探究updateCurrentStateForNetworkActivityChange:方法的实现:

- (void)updateCurrentStateForNetworkActivityChange {
     //如果是允许小菊花
    if (self.enabled) {
        switch (self.currentState) {
            case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive://不活跃
                if (self.isNetworkActivityOccurring) {//判断活跃数,大于0为YES
                    //设置状态为延迟开始
                    [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingStart];
                }
                break;
            case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingStart:
                //No op. Let the delay timer finish out.
                break;
            case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateActive:
                if (!self.isNetworkActivityOccurring) {
                    [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingEnd];
                }
                break;
            case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingEnd:
                if (self.isNetworkActivityOccurring) {
                    [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateActive];
                }
                break;
        }
    }
}

根据当前的状态,来判断下一个状态应该是什么。其中属性self.isNetworkActivityOccurringGetter方法如下:

//判断是否活跃
- (BOOL)isNetworkActivityOccurring {
    @synchronized(self) {
        return self.activityCount > 0;
    }
}

属性currentState重写的set方法是这个类最核心的方法,每当我们改变这个state,就会触发set方法,判断该怎么转动菊花。

//设置当前小菊花状态
- (void)setCurrentState:(AFNetworkActivityManagerState)currentState {
    @synchronized(self) {
        if (_currentState != currentState) {
            //KVO
            [self willChangeValueForKey:@"currentState"];
            _currentState = currentState;
            switch (currentState) {
                case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive://没有请求
                     //取消两个延迟用的timer
                    [self cancelActivationDelayTimer];
                    [self cancelCompletionDelayTimer];
                    //设置小菊花不可见
                    [self setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:NO];
                    break;
                case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingStart://请求延迟开始
                    //开启一个定时器延迟去转菊花
                    [self startActivationDelayTimer];
                    break;
                case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateActive://请求进行中
                    //取消延迟完成的timer
                    [self cancelCompletionDelayTimer];
                    //开始转菊花
                    [self setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:YES];
                    break;
                case AFNetworkActivityManagerStateDelayingEnd://请求延迟结束
                    //开启延迟完成timer
                    [self startCompletionDelayTimer];
                    break;
            }
        }
        [self didChangeValueForKey:@"currentState"];
    }
}

转动状态栏的菊花的setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible方法的实现如下:

//控制菊花转动
- (void)setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:(BOOL)networkActivityIndicatorVisible {
    if (_networkActivityIndicatorVisible != networkActivityIndicatorVisible) {
        [self willChangeValueForKey:@"networkActivityIndicatorVisible"];
        @synchronized(self) {
             _networkActivityIndicatorVisible = networkActivityIndicatorVisible;
        }
        [self didChangeValueForKey:@"networkActivityIndicatorVisible"];
        
        if (self.networkActivityActionBlock) {//支持自定义的Block,拿到这个菊花是否应该转的状态值,去自己控制小菊花
            self.networkActivityActionBlock(networkActivityIndicatorVisible);
        } else {// 如果我们没有实现这个Block,则调用系统的方法去转动菊花
            [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setNetworkActivityIndicatorVisible:networkActivityIndicatorVisible];
        }
    }
}

回到stateset方法中,除了控制菊花去转动,还调用了以下4个方法:

//开启一个定时器延迟去转菊花
- (void)startActivationDelayTimer {
    //开始任务到结束的时间,默认为1秒,如果1秒就结束,那么不转菊花,即延迟开始转动,该方法只执行一次
    self.activationDelayTimer = [NSTimer
                                 timerWithTimeInterval:self.activationDelay target:self selector:@selector(activationDelayTimerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
    //添加到主线程runloop去触发
    [[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:self.activationDelayTimer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
}

//开启延迟完成timer
- (void)startCompletionDelayTimer {
    //先取消之前的
    [self.completionDelayTimer invalidate];
    
    //完成任务到下一个任务开始,默认为0.17秒,如果0.17秒内就开始下一个任务,那么继续转动不停止,即延迟结束菊花转动
    self.completionDelayTimer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:self.completionDelay target:self selector:@selector(completionDelayTimerFired) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];
    
    //添加到主线程runloop去触发
    [[NSRunLoop mainRunLoop] addTimer:self.completionDelayTimer forMode:NSRunLoopCommonModes];
}

//取消延迟开始的timer
- (void)cancelActivationDelayTimer {
    [self.activationDelayTimer invalidate];
}

//取消延迟完成的timer
- (void)cancelCompletionDelayTimer {
    [self.completionDelayTimer invalidate];
}

定时器开始转动和结束转动时调用的方法如下:

//开始转动时调用
- (void)activationDelayTimerFired {
    if (self.networkActivityOccurring) {//活跃状态,即活跃数大于1才转
        //设置了不同的currentState的值,又回到之前state的set方法中了
        [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateActive];
    } else {
        [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive];
    }
}

//转动结束时候调用
- (void)completionDelayTimerFired {
    [self setCurrentState:AFNetworkActivityManagerStateNotActive];
}

❸ 然后设置了前面提到的这个转菊花延迟开始和延迟结束的时间,这两个默认值如下:

static NSTimeInterval const kDefaultAFNetworkActivityManagerActivationDelay = 1.0;
static NSTimeInterval const kDefaultAFNetworkActivityManagerCompletionDelay = 0.17;

2、UIImageView+AFNetworking :请求网络图片

UIImageView扩展了4个方法:

- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url;
//给一个UIImageView去异步的请求一张图片,并且可以设置一张占位图
- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholderImage;

//设置一张图,并且可以拿到成功和失败的回调
- (void)setImageWithURLRequest:(NSURLRequest *)urlRequest
      placeholderImage:(nullable UIImage *)placeholderImage
               success:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse * _Nullable response, UIImage *image))success
               failure:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError *error))failure;

//可以取消当前的图片设置请求
- (void)cancelImageDownloadTask;

UIImageView+AFNetworking的实现依赖于这么两个类:AFImageDownloaderAFAutoPurgingImageCache

a、图片下载类AFImageDownloader的初始化方法
+ (instancetype)defaultInstance {
    static AFImageDownloader *sharedInstance = nil;
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        sharedInstance = [[self alloc] init];
    });
    return sharedInstance;
}

- (instancetype)init {
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *defaultConfiguration = [self.class defaultURLSessionConfiguration];
    //创建了一个sessionManager,将用于基于AF自己封装的AFHTTPSessionManager的网络请求
    AFHTTPSessionManager *sessionManager = [[AFHTTPSessionManager alloc] initWithSessionConfiguration:defaultConfiguration];
    sessionManager.responseSerializer = [AFImageResponseSerializer serializer];

    return [self initWithSessionManager:sessionManager
                 downloadPrioritization:AFImageDownloadPrioritizationFIFO
                 maximumActiveDownloads:4
                             imageCache:[[AFAutoPurgingImageCache alloc] init]];//AFAutoPurgingImageCache的创建,这个类是AF做图片缓存用的
}

+ (NSURLSessionConfiguration *)defaultURLSessionConfiguration {
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *configuration = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];

    //TODO set the default HTTP headers
    configuration.HTTPShouldSetCookies = YES;
    configuration.HTTPShouldUsePipelining = NO;

    configuration.requestCachePolicy = NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy;
    configuration.allowsCellularAccess = YES;
    configuration.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 60.0;
    configuration.URLCache = [AFImageDownloader defaultURLCache];

    return configuration;
}

AFImageDownloadPrioritizationFIFO这个枚举值代表着,一堆图片下载,执行任务的顺序。

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, AFImageDownloadPrioritization) {
    AFImageDownloadPrioritizationFIFO,//先进先出
    AFImageDownloadPrioritizationLIFO//后进先出
};

AF自己控制的图片缓存用AFAutoPurgingImageCache,而NSUrlRequest的缓存由它自己内部根据策略去控制,用的是NSURLCache,不归AF处理,只需在configuration中设置上即可。

//设置一个系统缓存,内存缓存为20M,磁盘缓存为150M,
//这个是系统级别维护的缓存
+ (NSURLCache *)defaultURLCache {
    return [[NSURLCache alloc] initWithMemoryCapacity:20 * 1024 * 1024
                                         diskCapacity:150 * 1024 * 1024
                                             diskPath:@"com.alamofire.imagedownloader"];
}

为什么不直接用NSURLCache,还要自定义一个AFAutoPurgingImageCache呢?原来是因为NSURLCache的诸多限制,例如只支持get请求等等。而且因为是系统维护的,我们自己的可控度不强,如果需要做一些自定义的缓存处理,无法实现。

进入最终的初始化方法:initWithSessionManager

- (instancetype)initWithSessionManager:(AFHTTPSessionManager *)sessionManager
                downloadPrioritization:(AFImageDownloadPrioritization)downloadPrioritization
                maximumActiveDownloads:(NSInteger)maximumActiveDownloads
                            imageCache:(id <AFImageRequestCache>)imageCache {
    if (self = [super init]) {
        //持有
        self.sessionManager = sessionManager;
        //定义下载任务的顺序,默认FIFO,先进先出-队列模式,还有后进先出-栈模式
        self.downloadPrioritizaton = downloadPrioritization;
        //最大的下载数
        self.maximumActiveDownloads = maximumActiveDownloads;
        //自定义的cache
        self.imageCache = imageCache;

        //队列中的任务,待执行的
        self.queuedMergedTasks = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
        //合并的任务,所有任务的字典
        self.mergedTasks = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
        //活跃的request数
        self.activeRequestCount = 0;

        //用UUID来拼接名字
        NSString *name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"com.alamofire.imagedownloader.synchronizationqueue-%@", [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString]];
       //创建一个串行的请求queue,用来做内部生成task等,保证了线程安全问题
        self.synchronizationQueue = dispatch_queue_create([name cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding], DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL);

        //创建并行响应queue,用来做网络请求完成的数据回调
        name = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"com.alamofire.imagedownloader.responsequeue-%@", [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString]];
        self.responseQueue = dispatch_queue_create([name cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding], DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    }

    return self;
}
b、图片下载类AFImageDownloader创建请求task的方法
- (nullable AFImageDownloadReceipt *)downloadImageForURLRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request
                                                  withReceiptID:(nonnull NSUUID *)receiptID
                                                        success:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse  * _Nullable response, UIImage *responseObject))success
                                                        failure:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError *error))failure {
    
    __block NSURLSessionDataTask *task = nil;
    
    //同步串行去做下载的事,生成一个task,这些事情都是在当前线程中串行同步做的,所以不用担心线程安全问题
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        //一:首先做了一个url的判断,如果为空则直接返回失败Block
        
        //url字符串
        NSString *URLIdentifier = request.URL.absoluteString;
        if (URLIdentifier == nil) {//没Url
            if (failure) {//返回错误信息
                NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:NSURLErrorDomain code:NSURLErrorBadURL userInfo:nil];
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    failure(request, nil, error);
                });
            }
            return;
        }
        
        //二:判断这个需要请求的url,是不是已经被生成的task中,如果是的话,则多添加一个回调处理就可以直接返回

        //从自己task字典中根据Url去取AFImageDownloaderMergedTask,里面有task id url等等信息
        AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *existingMergedTask = self.mergedTasks[URLIdentifier];
        if (existingMergedTask != nil) {//如果这个任务已经存在
            //回调处理,里面包含成功和失败Block和UUid,当task完成的时候,会调用我们添加的回调
            AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler *handler = [[AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler alloc] initWithUUID:receiptID success:success failure:failure];
            //添加handler
            [existingMergedTask addResponseHandler:handler];
            //给task赋值
            task = existingMergedTask.task;
            return;
        }
        
        // 三:接着根据缓存策略加载缓存,如果有缓存则从self.imageCache中直接返回缓存,否则继续往下走

        //根据request的缓存策略,加载缓存
        switch (request.cachePolicy) {
            //这3种情况都会去加载缓存
            case NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy:
            case NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad:
            case NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad: {
                //从cache中根据request拿数据
                UIImage *cachedImage = [self.imageCache imageforRequest:request withAdditionalIdentifier:nil];
                if (cachedImage != nil) {
                    if (success) {
                        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                            success(request, nil, cachedImage);
                        });
                    }
                    return;
                }
                break;
            }
            default:
                break;
        }
        
        // 四:走到这说明没相同url的task(没有正在请求中的request),同时也没有cache,那么就开始一个新的task
        // 调用的是AFUrlSessionManager里的请求方法生成了一个task
        // 然后通过多线程并发self.responseQueue做了请求完成的处理
        // 响应处理完成,则调用safelyRemoveMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier把task从全局字典中移除
        // 接着循环这个task的responseHandlers,调用它的成功或者失败的回调,并且请求成功还往cache里添加了请求到的数据
        // 然后减少正在请求的任务数,并且开启下一个任务

        //走到这说明既,也没有cache,则开始请求
        NSUUID *mergedTaskIdentifier = [NSUUID UUID];
        //task
        NSURLSessionDataTask *createdTask;
        __weak __typeof__(self) weakSelf = self;

        //用sessionManager去请求,只是创建task,目前仍处于挂起状态
        createdTask = [self.sessionManager
                       dataTaskWithRequest:request
                       completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nonnull response, id  _Nullable responseObject, NSError * _Nullable error) {
                           
                           //在responseQueue中回调数据,初始化为并行queue
                           dispatch_async(self.responseQueue, ^{
                               __strong __typeof__(weakSelf) strongSelf = weakSelf;
                               
                               //拿到当前的task
                               AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = self.mergedTasks[URLIdentifier];
                               
                               //如果之前的task数组中,有这个请求的任务task,则从数组中移除
                               if ([mergedTask.identifier isEqual:mergedTaskIdentifier]) {
                                   //安全的移除,并返回当前被移除的AF task
                                   mergedTask = [strongSelf safelyRemoveMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:URLIdentifier];
                                   
                                   if (error) {//请求错误
                                       //去遍历task所有响应的处理
                                       for (AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler *handler in mergedTask.responseHandlers) {
                                           
                                           if (handler.failureBlock) {
                                               //主线程,调用失败的Block
                                               dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                                                   handler.failureBlock(request, (NSHTTPURLResponse*)response, error);
                                               });
                                           }
                                       }
                                   } else {//成功
                                       //根据request,往cache里添加请求到的数据
                                       [strongSelf.imageCache addImage:responseObject forRequest:request withAdditionalIdentifier:nil];

                                       //去遍历task所有响应的处理
                                       for (AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler *handler in mergedTask.responseHandlers) {
                                           if (handler.successBlock) {
                                               //主线程,调用失败的Block
                                               dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                                                   handler.successBlock(request, (NSHTTPURLResponse*)response, responseObject);
                                               });
                                           }
                                       }
                                       
                                   }
                               }
                               //减少活跃的任务数
                               [strongSelf safelyDecrementActiveTaskCount];
                               //如果可以,则开启下一个任务
                               [strongSelf safelyStartNextTaskIfNecessary];
                           });
                       }];

        // 五:用NSUUID生成的唯一标识,去生成AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler,然后生成一个AFImageDownloaderMergedTask
        // 把上一步生成的createdTask和回调都绑定给这个AF自定义可合并回调的task
        // 然后这个task加到全局的task映射字典中,key为url
        
        //创建handler
        AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler *handler = [[AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler alloc] initWithUUID:receiptID
                                                                                                   success:success
                                                                                                   failure:failure];
        //创建task
        AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = [[AFImageDownloaderMergedTask alloc]
                                                   initWithURLIdentifier:URLIdentifier
                                                   identifier:mergedTaskIdentifier
                                                   task:createdTask];
        //添加handler
        [mergedTask addResponseHandler:handler];
        
        //往当前任务字典里添加任务
        self.mergedTasks[URLIdentifier] = mergedTask;


        // 六:判断当前正在下载的任务是否超过最大并行数,如果没有则开始下载,否则先加到等待的数组中去
        
        if ([self isActiveRequestCountBelowMaximumLimit]) {//如果小于最大并行数
            //则开始任务下载resume,把当前活跃的request数量+1
            [self startMergedTask:mergedTask];
        } else {
            //如果暂时不能下载,被加到等待下载的数组中去的话
            //会根据我们一开始设置的下载策略,是先进先出,还是后进先出,去插入这个下载任务
            [self enqueueMergedTask:mergedTask];
        }
        
        //拿到最终生成的task
        task = mergedTask.task;
    });
    
    // 七:最后判断这个mergeTask是否为空。
    // 不为空生成了一个AFImageDownloadReceipt,绑定了一个UUID。为空则返回nil
    if (task) {
        //创建一个AFImageDownloadReceipt并返回,里面就多一个receiptID(UUID)
        return [[AFImageDownloadReceipt alloc] initWithReceiptID:receiptID task:task];
    } else {
        //为空则返回nil
        return nil;
    }
}

这是个像火车一样长的方法,下面补充的是其中调用的方法的具体实现。

❶ 回调处理对象为AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler

@interface AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSUUID *uuid;
@property (nonatomic, copy) void (^successBlock)(NSURLRequest*, NSHTTPURLResponse*, UIImage*);
@property (nonatomic, copy) void (^failureBlock)(NSURLRequest*, NSHTTPURLResponse*, NSError*);

@end

@implementation AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler

//初始化回调对象
- (instancetype)initWithUUID:(NSUUID *)uuid
                     success:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse * _Nullable response, UIImage *responseObject))success
                     failure:(nullable void (^)(NSURLRequest *request, NSHTTPURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError *error))failure {
    if (self = [self init]) {
        self.uuid = uuid;
        self.successBlock = success;
        self.failureBlock = failure;
    }
    return self;
}

- (NSString *)description {
    return [NSString stringWithFormat: @"<AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler>UUID: %@", [self.uuid UUIDString]];
}

@end

这个类非常简单,当task完成的时候,会调用我们添加的回调。

AFImageDownloaderMergedTask类也很简单,在NSURLSessionDataTask类的基础上多加了几个属性:

@interface AFImageDownloaderMergedTask : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *URLIdentifier;// 用来标识这个task的
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSUUID *identifier;// 用来标识这个task的
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSURLSessionDataTask *task;

// 用来存储task完成后的回调的,里面可以存一组。当任务完成时候,里面的回调都会被调用
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableArray <AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler*> *responseHandlers;

@end

@implementation AFImageDownloaderMergedTask

- (instancetype)initWithURLIdentifier:(NSString *)URLIdentifier identifier:(NSUUID *)identifier task:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)task {
    if (self = [self init]) {
        self.URLIdentifier = URLIdentifier;
        self.task = task;
        self.identifier = identifier;
        self.responseHandlers = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    }
    return self;
}

//添加任务完成回调
- (void)addResponseHandler:(AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler*)handler {
    [self.responseHandlers addObject:handler];
}

//移除任务完成回调
- (void)removeResponseHandler:(AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler*)handler {
    [self.responseHandlers removeObject:handler];
}

@end

safelyRemoveMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:方法作用是安全的移除,并返回当前被移除的AF的task,其实现为:

//移除task
- (AFImageDownloaderMergedTask*)safelyRemoveMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:(NSString *)URLIdentifier {
    __block AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = nil;
    //用同步串行的形式,防止移除中出现重复移除一系列问题
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        mergedTask = [self removeMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:URLIdentifier];
    });
    return mergedTask;
}

safelyDecrementActiveTaskCount:方法的作用是减少活跃的任务数

//减少活跃的任务数
- (void)safelyDecrementActiveTaskCount {
    //回到串行queue
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        if (self.activeRequestCount > 0) {
            self.activeRequestCount -= 1;
        }
    });
}

safelyStartNextTaskIfNecessary:方法的作用是条件允许的话则开启下一个任务:

//如果可以,则开启下一个任务
- (void)safelyStartNextTaskIfNecessary {
    //回到串行queue
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        //先判断并行数限制
        if ([self isActiveRequestCountBelowMaximumLimit]) {
            while (self.queuedMergedTasks.count > 0) {
                //获取数组中第一个task
                AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = [self dequeueMergedTask];
                //如果状态是挂起状态
                if (mergedTask.task.state == NSURLSessionTaskStateSuspended) {
                    [self startMergedTask:mergedTask];
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
    });
}

isActiveRequestCountBelowMaximumLimit:方法用来判断并行数限制:

//判断并行数限制
- (BOOL)isActiveRequestCountBelowMaximumLimit {
    return self.activeRequestCount < self.maximumActiveDownloads;
}

startMergedTask:方法可以开始下载:

//开始下载
- (void)startMergedTask:(AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *)mergedTask {
    [mergedTask.task resume];
    
    //任务活跃数+1
    ++self.activeRequestCount;
}

enqueueMergedTask:方法把任务先加到数组里:

//把任务先加到数组里
- (void)enqueueMergedTask:(AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *)mergedTask {
    switch (self.downloadPrioritizaton) {
        case AFImageDownloadPrioritizationFIFO://先进先出
            [self.queuedMergedTasks addObject:mergedTask];
            break;
        case AFImageDownloadPrioritizationLIFO://后进先出
            [self.queuedMergedTasks insertObject:mergedTask atIndex:0];
            break;
    }
}

AFImageDownloadReceipt仅仅是多封装了一个UUID

@interface AFImageDownloadReceipt : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, strong) NSURLSessionDataTask *task;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSUUID *receiptID;

@end

@implementation AFImageDownloadReceipt

- (instancetype)initWithReceiptID:(NSUUID *)receiptID task:(NSURLSessionDataTask *)task {
    if (self = [self init]) {
        self.receiptID = receiptID;
        self.task = task;
    }
    return self;
}

@end

💯:这么封装是为了标识每一个task,后面可以根据这个AFImageDownloadReceipt来对task做取消操作:

//根据AFImageDownloadReceipt来取消任务,即对应一个响应回调
- (void)cancelTaskForImageDownloadReceipt:(AFImageDownloadReceipt *)imageDownloadReceipt {
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        //拿到url
        NSString *URLIdentifier = imageDownloadReceipt.task.originalRequest.URL.absoluteString;
        
        //根据url拿到task
        AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = self.mergedTasks[URLIdentifier];
        
        //快速遍历查找某个下标,如果返回YES,则index为当前下标
        NSUInteger index = [mergedTask.responseHandlers indexOfObjectPassingTest:^BOOL(AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler * _Nonnull handler, __unused NSUInteger idx, __unused BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
            return handler.uuid == imageDownloadReceipt.receiptID;
        }];

        if (index != NSNotFound) {
            //移除响应处理
            AFImageDownloaderResponseHandler *handler = mergedTask.responseHandlers[index];
            [mergedTask removeResponseHandler:handler];
            NSString *failureReason = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"ImageDownloader cancelled URL request: %@",imageDownloadReceipt.task.originalRequest.URL.absoluteString];
            NSDictionary *userInfo = @{NSLocalizedFailureReasonErrorKey:failureReason};
            NSError *error = [NSError errorWithDomain:NSURLErrorDomain code:NSURLErrorCancelled userInfo:userInfo];
            
            //并调用失败block,原因为取消
            if (handler.failureBlock) {
                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    handler.failureBlock(imageDownloadReceipt.task.originalRequest, nil, error);
                });
            }
        }

        //如果任务里的响应回调为空或者状态为挂起,则取消task,并且从字典中移除
        if (mergedTask.responseHandlers.count == 0 && mergedTask.task.state == NSURLSessionTaskStateSuspended) {
            [mergedTask.task cancel];
            [self removeMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:URLIdentifier];
        }
    });
}


//根据URLIdentifier移除task
- (AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *)removeMergedTaskWithURLIdentifier:(NSString *)URLIdentifier {
    AFImageDownloaderMergedTask *mergedTask = self.mergedTasks[URLIdentifier];
    [self.mergedTasks removeObjectForKey:URLIdentifier];
    return mergedTask;
}
c、图片缓存类AFAutoPurgingImageCache的初始化方法

这个类的作用是用来做图片缓存的,它的初始化方法如下:

- (instancetype)init {
    //默认为内存100M,后者为缓存溢出后保留的内存
    return [self initWithMemoryCapacity:100 * 1024 * 1024 preferredMemoryCapacity:60 * 1024 * 1024];
}

- (instancetype)initWithMemoryCapacity:(UInt64)memoryCapacity preferredMemoryCapacity:(UInt64)preferredMemoryCapacity {
    if (self = [super init]) {
        //内存大小
        self.memoryCapacity = memoryCapacity;
        self.preferredMemoryUsageAfterPurge = preferredMemoryCapacity;
        //cache的字典,所有的缓存数据都被保存在这个字典中,key为url,value为AFCachedImage
        self.cachedImages = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];

        NSString *queueName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"com.alamofire.autopurgingimagecache-%@", [[NSUUID UUID] UUIDString]];
        //并行的queue,这个类除了初始化以外,所有的方法都是在这个并行queue中调用的
        self.synchronizationQueue = dispatch_queue_create([queueName cStringUsingEncoding:NSASCIIStringEncoding], DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);

        //添加通知,收到内存警告的通知
        [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]
         addObserver:self
         selector:@selector(removeAllImages)
         name:UIApplicationDidReceiveMemoryWarningNotification
         object:nil];

    }
    return self;
}

AFCachedImage类是在Image之外封装了几个关于缓存的参数:

@interface AFCachedImage : NSObject

@property (nonatomic, strong) UIImage *image;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *identifier;//url标识
@property (nonatomic, assign) UInt64 totalBytes;//总大小
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSDate *lastAccessDate;//上次获取时间
@property (nonatomic, assign) UInt64 currentMemoryUsage;//这个参数没被用到过

@end

@implementation AFCachedImage

//初始化
-(instancetype)initWithImage:(UIImage *)image identifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    if (self = [self init]) {
        self.image = image;
        self.identifier = identifier;

        CGSize imageSize = CGSizeMake(image.size.width * image.scale, image.size.height * image.scale);
        CGFloat bytesPerPixel = 4.0;
        CGFloat bytesPerSize = imageSize.width * imageSize.height;
        self.totalBytes = (UInt64)bytesPerPixel * (UInt64)bytesPerSize;
        self.lastAccessDate = [NSDate date];
    }
    return self;
}

//上次获取缓存的时间
- (UIImage*)accessImage {
    self.lastAccessDate = [NSDate date];
    return self.image;
}

- (NSString *)description {
    NSString *descriptionString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Idenfitier: %@  lastAccessDate: %@ ", self.identifier, self.lastAccessDate];
    return descriptionString;

}

@end

❷ 添加了一个通知,监听内存警告,当发成内存警告,调用removeAllImages:方法,移除所有的缓存,并且把当前缓存数置为0:

//移除所有图片
- (BOOL)removeAllImages {
    __block BOOL removed = NO;

    //没有用锁,而是使用了dispatch_barrier_sync(synchronizationQueue是个并行queue)
    //不需要再去开辟新的线程,浪费性能,只需要在原有线程,提交到synchronizationQueue队列中,阻塞了当前线程后执行即可
    //不仅同步了synchronizationQueue队列,而且阻塞了当前线程,所以保证了里面执行代码的线程安全问题
    //这样省去大量的开辟线程与使用锁带来的性能消耗
    dispatch_barrier_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        if (self.cachedImages.count > 0) {
            [self.cachedImages removeAllObjects];
            self.currentMemoryUsage = 0;
            removed = YES;
        }
    });
    return removed;
}
d、图片缓存类AFAutoPurgingImageCache的核心方法

添加imagecache里:

- (void)addImage:(UIImage *)image withIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    
//一:设置缓存到字典里,并且把对应的缓存大小设置到当前已缓存的数量属性中
    
    //用dispatch_barrier_async,来同步这个并行队列,在本类中的作用很简单,就是一个串行执行
    //之前用dispatch_barrier_sync来保证线程安全,这里如果直接使用串行queue,那么线程是极其容易死锁的
    dispatch_barrier_async(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        //生成cache对象
        AFCachedImage *cacheImage = [[AFCachedImage alloc] initWithImage:image identifier:identifier];

        //去之前cache的字典里取
        AFCachedImage *previousCachedImage = self.cachedImages[identifier];
        
        //如果有被缓存过
        if (previousCachedImage != nil) {
            //当前已经使用的内存大小减去旧cache图片的大小
            self.currentMemoryUsage -= previousCachedImage.totalBytes;
        }

        //把新cache的image加上去
        self.cachedImages[identifier] = cacheImage;
        //加上新cache内存大小
        self.currentMemoryUsage += cacheImage.totalBytes;
    });

//二:判断是缓存超出了我们设置的最大缓存100M,如果是的话,则清除掉部分早时间的缓存,清除到缓存小于我们溢出后保留的内存60M以内
    //做缓存溢出的清除,清除的是早期的缓存
    dispatch_barrier_async(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        //如果使用的内存大于设置的内存容量
        if (self.currentMemoryUsage > self.memoryCapacity) {
            
            //需要被清除的内存 = 拿到使用内存 - 被清空后首选内存
            UInt64 bytesToPurge = self.currentMemoryUsage - self.preferredMemoryUsageAfterPurge;
            
            //拿到所有缓存的数据
            NSMutableArray <AFCachedImage*> *sortedImages = [NSMutableArray arrayWithArray:self.cachedImages.allValues];
            
            //根据lastAccessDate排序,升序,越晚的越后面
            NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"lastAccessDate"
                                                                           ascending:YES];
            [sortedImages sortUsingDescriptors:@[sortDescriptor]];

            UInt64 bytesPurged = 0;

            //移除早期的cache bytesToPurge大小
            for (AFCachedImage *cachedImage in sortedImages) {
                [self.cachedImages removeObjectForKey:cachedImage.identifier];
                bytesPurged += cachedImage.totalBytes;
                if (bytesPurged >= bytesToPurge) {
                    break ;
                }
            }
            
            //减去被清掉的内存
            self.currentMemoryUsage -= bytesPurged;
        }
    });
}

用到的其他方法:

//根据id获取图片
- (nullable UIImage *)imageWithIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    __block UIImage *image = nil;
    //用同步的方式获取,防止线程安全问题
    dispatch_sync(self.synchronizationQueue, ^{
        AFCachedImage *cachedImage = self.cachedImages[identifier];
        //刷新获取的时间
        image = [cachedImage accessImage];
    });
    return image;
}

//根据request和additionalIdentifier添加cache
- (void)addImage:(UIImage *)image forRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request withAdditionalIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    [self addImage:image withIdentifier:[self imageCacheKeyFromURLRequest:request withAdditionalIdentifier:identifier]];
}

//根据request和additionalIdentifier移除图片
- (BOOL)removeImageforRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request withAdditionalIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    return [self removeImageWithIdentifier:[self imageCacheKeyFromURLRequest:request withAdditionalIdentifier:identifier]];
}

//根据request和additionalIdentifier获取图片
- (nullable UIImage *)imageforRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request withAdditionalIdentifier:(NSString *)identifier {
    return [self imageWithIdentifier:[self imageCacheKeyFromURLRequest:request withAdditionalIdentifier:identifier]];
}

//生成id的方式:Url字符串 + additionalIdentifier
- (NSString *)imageCacheKeyFromURLRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request withAdditionalIdentifier:(NSString *)additionalIdentifier {
    NSString *key = request.URL.absoluteString;
    if (additionalIdentifier != nil) {
        key = [key stringByAppendingString:additionalIdentifier];
    }
    return key;
}
e、setImageWithURL 设置图片方法

cancelImageDownloadTask:方法的作用是取消task

//取消task
- (void)cancelImageDownloadTask {
    if (self.af_activeImageDownloadReceipt != nil) {
        //取消事件回调响应
        [[self.class sharedImageDownloader] cancelTaskForImageDownloadReceipt:self.af_activeImageDownloadReceipt];
        //置空回调对象
        [self clearActiveDownloadInformation];
     }
}

cancelImageDownloadTask:方法的作用是置空回调对象:

// 置空回调对象
- (void)clearActiveDownloadInformation {
    self.af_activeImageDownloadReceipt = nil;
}

self.af_activeImageDownloadReceipt属性:

@interface UIImageView (_AFNetworking)

@property (readwrite, nonatomic, strong, setter = af_setActiveImageDownloadReceipt:) AFImageDownloadReceipt *af_activeImageDownloadReceipt;

@end

@implementation UIImageView (_AFNetworking)

//绑定属性的get方法。AFImageDownloadReceipt类是一个事件响应的接受对象,包含一个task,一个uuid
- (AFImageDownloadReceipt *)af_activeImageDownloadReceipt {
    return (AFImageDownloadReceipt *)objc_getAssociatedObject(self, @selector(af_activeImageDownloadReceipt));
}

//绑定属性的set方法。这个属性就是我们这次下载任务相关联的信息
- (void)af_setActiveImageDownloadReceipt:(AFImageDownloadReceipt *)imageDownloadReceipt {
    objc_setAssociatedObject(self, @selector(af_activeImageDownloadReceipt), imageDownloadReceipt, OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC);
}

@end

UIImageView+AFNetworking是给UIImageView添加的一个类目,所以无法直接添加属性,而是使用的是runtime的方式来生成setget方法生成了一个AFImageDownloadReceipt类型的属性。

f、总结请求图片、缓存、设置图片的流程
  1. 调用- (void)setImageWithURL:(NSURL *)url;时,生成AFImageDownloader单例替我们请求数据。
  2. AFImageDownloader会生成一个AFAutoPurgingImageCache缓存生成的数据。当然我们设置的时候,给sessionconfiguration设置了一个系统级别的缓存NSUrlCache,这两者是互相独立工作的,互不影响的。
  3. 然后AFImageDownloader就实现下载和协调AFAutoPurgingImageCache去缓存,还有一些取消下载的方法。然后通过回调把数据给到分类UIImageView+AFNetworking,如果成功获取数据,则由分类设置图片,整个流程结束。

Demo

Demo在我的Github上,欢迎下载。
SourceCodeAnalysisDemo

参考文献

AFNetworking之UIKit扩展与缓存实现

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