ubuntu16.04安装opencv3.1

下载opencv3.1源码：https://github.com/opencv/opencv/tree/3.1.0
如果有需要就下载扩展包opencv xfeatures2d：https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/tree/3.1.0

解压进入opencv3.1根目录

sudo apt-get install -y  build-essential cmake   libvtk5-dev libgtk2.0-dev  libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libopenexr-dev libgdal-dev zlib1g-dev libjpeg-dev libwebp-dev libpng-dev   libdc1394-22-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libtheora-dev libvorbis-dev libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev yasm libopencore-amrnb-dev libopencore-amrwb-dev libv4l-dev libxine2-dev   libtbb-dev libeigen3-dev  python-dev python-numpy

在执行cmake的时候出现：ICV: Downloading ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz 下载超时,莫慌，手动下载ippicv_linux_20151201.tgz，下载完后替换opencv-3.1.0/3rdparty/ippicv/downloads/linux-*目录下的同名文件

因为找不到 libtiff4-dev 我们在安装的过程中换成 libtiff5-dev 。所以我们手动安装

cd $HOME/Downloads
wget http://old-releases.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/t/tiff3/libtiff4_3.9.7-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libtiff4_3.9.7-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb 
sudo ldconfig

终端打开opencv3.1根目录

mkdir build &&cd build

sudo cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D WITH_TBB=ON  -D WITH_V4L=ON -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/opencv310 ..  

sudo make -j4

sudo make install

最后还要配置环境变量

sudo gedit ~/.bashrc 

 export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/opencv310/lib/pkgconfig  
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/opencv310/lib  

cmake工具时，在Cmakelist中加入路径即可使用opencv3.1

set(Opencv_DIR  /usr/local/opencv310)
find_package( OpenCV  3.1 REQUIRED )