2017年7月10日

Habit 2 Begin with the end in mind 以终为始

What lies behind us and what lies before us are tiny matters compared to what lies within us.OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES

和内在力量相比，身外之物显得微不足道。

  今天开始读到第二个习惯Begin with the end in mind。在我们理解这个习惯之前，作者让我们进入一种安静的假想状态，你在想象你现在要去参加一个葬礼，当你到了那里，突然发现这原来是你自己的葬礼。葬礼上亲戚，朋友，单位同事，社区朋友分别要对你进行追思回忆，这时候，你最想他们说你什么呢？最想他们记住你什么呢？你最想留给他们什么印象呢？

几乎各行各业的人，上至达官显贵、富豪巨贾，下至平头百姓、凡夫俗子，无一不在追求更多的财富、更大的势力或更高的声望，可这种种欲望的驱使竟然使他们忽视了那些生命中对他们来说最重要，最有价值的事物，到头来，他们取得的成功是那么空虚，竟是以牺牲他们生命中最珍贵的东西换来的。如果从一开始我们就知道生活中对我们最重要的事物，而且始终怀揣这种想法，那么我们的生活该是多么的不同，我们每一天都知道我们在做什么，哪些事物是对我们来说最重要的。举个形象的例子来说，如果你的生命之梯是靠在了一面错误的墙上，那么你走的每一步只能使你在错误的道路上加速。你可能非常非常忙碌，也可能效率很高，但是只有当你知道你要干什么时，你的目的是什么时，你真正需要什么时，你才是真正的有效的，达到预期效果的，这和高效率是不同的概念。

再回到你的葬礼，你想你希望你在盖棺定论时得到的评价，才是你心目中真正渴望的成功吧。 它很有可能和你以往在脑中对成功的理解完全不同。也许名望，成就，金钱，或者其他一些我们毕生追求的，甚至都不是正确生命之墙的一部分吧。

有这么一则小故事，葬礼上有人问死者的朋友：“他留下了多少遗产?”对方回答：“他什么也没带走。

Begin with the end in mind以终为始，其实就是在“开始”之前，要先了解”目的地，目标“在哪里，如此，我们才知道我们身在何处，也才能够往”正确的方向“向前迈进。如果不先确认”目标“或”方向“，越努力，则可能离”目标“越来越远。

这是很重要的”成果导向“的概念，我们需要经常思考，目前正在进行的事情，是为了达到什么样的”成果“。做某件事，进行某项活动 是达到成果的方法或过程，重点是能够达到“目的”，“成果”。

如果在这个过程中，忘了“目的”，“成果”，就会很容易被不断出现的工作所淹没，忙碌不堪，但却不见的能够达到“目的”。

比如在工作中，接到上司的指令时，不要贸然行事，要先了解对方想要达成的“目标”，指令是达成目标的方法，但只是达成目标的众多方法中的其中一种，未必是最佳方案。知道目标，才有机会结合彼此的智慧，泰索达成目标的最有效的方法。

All Things Are Created Twice任何事物都需要两次创造

“以终为始”的一个原则基础是“任何事都是两次创造而成”。我们做任何事都是先在头脑中构思，即 智 力 上 的 或 第 一 次 的 创 造 (Mental ／ FirstCreation)，然后付诸实践，即体力上的或第二次的创造(Physical／Second Creation)。

“Begin with the end in mind” is based on the principle that all things are created twice.There's a mental or first creation, and a physical or second creation ,to all things.

以建筑为例，在拿起工具建造之前，必须先有详尽的设计图；而绘出设计图之前，须先在脑海中构思每一细节。有了设计图，然后有施工计划，这样按部就班，才能完成建筑。

By Design Or Default主动设计还是被动接叐

“任何事物都是两次创造而成”是个客观原则，但“第一次的创造’’未必都是经过有意识的设计。有些人自我意识self-awareness薄弱，不愿主动设计自己的生活，结果就让影响圈外的人或事控制了自己，其生活就会屈从于家庭、同事、朋友或环境的压力。如果说人生是一场戏，那么这些人的生活剧本script就源于自己的早年经历，家庭或外界条件的影响。这样的人生剧本是来自于人，而不是来自于原则，这样的人，内心软弱，极度依赖他人，渴望获得他人认同，爱和关怀，而且一定要让别人来肯定自己的价值。 

生活的各个层面都存在第一次的创造。每个人的人生都是第二次的创造，你或者自己主动设计，或者你屈服于别人的安排，外部环境或者旧有的习惯。而我们的人类特有的自我意识，想象力，良知能够让我们审视我们的第一次创造，掌控我们的第一次创造，书写我们自己的人生剧本。

Rescripting :Becoming Your Own First Creator改写人生剧本成为自己的第一次创造者

Proactivity人的积极主动性是建立在人类独特的天赋self-awareness（自我意识）上。人类的另外两项天赋是Imagination（想象力）,conscience（良知），它们 能使我们在生活中积极主动，自我领导。

当我们因袭的“人生剧本”有违我们的生活目标时，我们能够利用想象力和创造力书写新的剧本，它将更为符合我们内在的价值观。

Begin with the end in mind（以终为始）意味着要带着清晰的方向和价值观来扮演自己的人生各种角色，要为自己人生的第一次创造负责，为改写自己的人生剧本负责，从而使决定行为和态度的Paradigme思维模式真正符合自己的价值观和正确原则。

To begin with the end in mind means to approach my roles in life ,with my values and directions clear.I t means to be responsible for my own creation , to rescript myself so that the paradigms from which my behavior and attitude flow are congruent with my deepest values and in harmony with correct principles.

At the Center核心区

在我们的影响区最中心有个核心区。我们最基本的思维模式Paradigmes就在这里，是我们观察世界的透镜lens。我们要在这里确立自己视野和价值观，在这里我们利用自我意识self-awareness去检查我们的地图map或思维定式Paradigmes是否符合原则principles.和实际。

当我们专注于这个核心,并取得丰硕成果的时候，影响圈就会被扩大，这是最高的P/Pc平衡原则，会有力提高我们在各生活领域的效能。

这个核心,还是安全感、人生方向、智慧与力量的源泉。

Our security comes from knowing that correct principles do not change.

The wisdom and guidance come from correct maps.

The power comes from a self-aware, knowledgeable, proactive individual.

它们相辅相成——安全感与明确的人生方向可以带来真正的智慧，智慧则能激发力量。若四者全面均衡协调发展，便能培养高尚的人格、平衡

的性格与完美和谐的个人。

单词部分

Jot v.1.草草记下，匆匆写下（地址等）Ifyou jot something short such as an address somewhere, you write it down so thatyou will remember it.

Could you just jot his name on there?你能把他的名字先记在那上面吗？

Listen carefully to the instructions andjot them down.

2.n.一点儿；少量If you say that there is not a jot or not one jot of something, youare emphasizing that there is not even a very small amount of it.

It makes not one jot of difference.这一点区别也没有。

3.PHRASE)（用于强调否定陈述）丝毫，一点儿Expressions suchas a jot ,one jot ,not a jot are used to emphasize negative statements.

There's not a jot of truth in what he said.

I don't care one jot or one tittle of whathe says

I don't care a jot for their feelings.

Inordinate (ADJ)极度的;非常的;过度的If you describe something as inordinate, you are emphasizing thatit is unusually or excessively great in amount or degree.

They spend an inordinate amount of timetalking.他们花在说上的时间太多了。

The idea of this gave me inordinatepleasure

at the expense of with loss or damage

to sb/sth在牺牲（或损害）…的情况下

He built up the business

at the expense of his health.他以自己的健康为代价逐步建立起这个企业。

Don't profit yourself at the expense ofothers

every walk of life各行各业;

The development of computer techniquebrings new chances for every walk of life.

计算机技术的发展为各行各业带来了新的契机.

Driven. 1..(N-UNCOUNT)精力;干劲;冲劲;决心If you say that someone has drive, youmean they have energy and determination.

His drive for learing shocked me .

2. (N-COUNT)强烈欲望;强烈需求;本能需求A drive is a very strong need or desire in human beings that makesthem act in particular ways.

a strong sexual drive

efficient adj.doing sth well and thoroughlywith no waste of time, money, or energy效率高的；有能力的

the efficient use ofenergy

effective adj0producing the result that is wanted or

intended; producing a successful result产生预期结果的；有效的

Aspirin is a simple but highly effectivetreatment.

Reduce v. (VERB)1.使沦为，使陷入（不好的境地）If someone is reduced to a weaker or inferior state, they becomeweaker or inferior as a result of something that happens to them.

They were reduced to extreme poverty..

2. (VERB)迫使;使不得不（做）；使只得If you say that someone isreduced to doing something, you mean that they have to do it, although it isunpleasant or embarrassing.

He was reduced to begging for a living.

3.(VERB)使变成;使简化为If something is changed to adifferent or less complicated form, you can say that it is reduced to thatform.

All the buildings in the town have beenreduced to rubble

4.（烹调中）使变浓稠，收汁If you reduce liquid when you are cooking, or if it reduces, it is boiled inorder to make it less in quantity and thicker.

Boil the liquid in a small saucepan toreduce it by half.

5.(PHRASE)境况变差;生活拮据If you say that someone is living inreduced circumstances, you mean that they do not have as much money as theyused to have

They are the descendants of emperors andkings and are now living in reduced circumstances.

6.使…无言Ifsomeone or something reduces you to silence, they make you feel so upset orconfused that you cannot speak.

Her challenge reduced them to silence

7.使…落泪Ifsomeone or something reduces you to tears, they make you feel so unhappy thatyou cry.

The attentions of the media reduced her totears.

Undermine v.1.常指逐渐或反复）削弱，损害（情感、体制等）If you undermine something such as a feeling or a system, you makeit less strong or less secure than it was before, often by a gradual process orby repeated efforts.

ffering advice on each and every problemwill undermine her feeling of being adult...

2.（常指间接地）削弱，损害，动摇（某人的地位或权威）If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority,you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods.

She undermined him and destroyed hisconfidence in his own talent

3.破坏，损害（某人的努力或成功的机会）If you undermine someone's efforts or undermine their chances ofachieving something, you behave in a way that makes them less likely tosucceed.

I don't want to do something that wouldundermine the chances of success.