Sp1-Phospholipase D signaling pa

磷脂酶D信号途径（Phospholipase D signaling pathway）
KEGG简介：Phospholipase D (PLD) is an essential enzyme responsible for the production of the lipid second messenger phosphatidic acid (PA), which is involved in fundamental cellular processes, including membrane trafficking, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cell proliferation and cell survival. PLD activity can be stimulated by a large number of cell surface receptors and is elaborately regulated by intracellular factors, including protein kinase C isoforms, small GTPases of the ARF, Rho and Ras families and the phosphoinositide, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2). The PLD-produced PA activates signaling proteins and acts as a node within the membrane to which signaling proteins translocate. Several signaling proteins, including Raf-1 and mTOR, directly bind PA to mediate translocation or activation, respectively.

Phospholipase D signaling pathway

磷脂酶：按照水解磷脂的部位不同，可以把磷脂酶分成5类，PLA1，PLA2，PLB，PLC和PLD。PLA1和PLB的研究报告现在还很少，而PLA2和PLC的细胞信号传导功能则发现较早，研究信息较多，主要集中在动物方面。而PLD在上世纪40年代就在植物中发现，它参与了植物衰老和机械损伤时催化膜脂降解，各种环境刺激，包括低温，水分胁迫，病原菌激发和激素刺激均会迅速激活PLD。