一、mapping介绍

"""
mapping，类似于mysql的建表
"""
1、查看表结构
   GET goods/fruit/_mapping
2、建立表结构
   PUT my_index1
   {
       "mappings": {
           # 类型
           "doc": {
               # 是否为动态
               "dynamic": false,
               # 属性
               "properties": {
                   "name": {"type": text},
                   "age": {"type": long}
               }
           }
       }
   }

二、dynamic关键字

"""
若dynamic=false，不用指定，可以随时插入动态属性；但是不会通过动态的属性进行查询
若dynamic=true，不用指定，可以随时插入动态属性；会为所有的属性创建索引
若dynamic=strict，必须添加指定的属性；添加动态的属性时，会报错
"""
   PUT my_Index1/doc/1
   {
       "name": "zqx",
       "age": 18
   }
   PUT my_Index1/doc/1
   {
       "name": "zzz",
       "age": 21,
       "school": "qinghua"
   }
   GET my_Index1/doc/1
   {
       "query": {  
           "match": {
               "school": "qinghua"
           }
       }
   }

三、copy_to关键字

"""
copy_to参数：把当前的值复制给指定的字段；所有的copy_to的值和对copy_to属性赋的值都可以保留
"""
   PUT my_index2
   {
       "mappings": {
           "doc": {
               "dynamic": false,
               "properties": {
                   "first_name": {
                       "type": "text",
                       "copy_to": "full_name"
                   },
                   "last_name": {
                       "type": "text",
                       "copy_to": "full_name"
                   },
                   "full_name": {
                       "type": "text"
                   }
               }
           }
       }
   }
   PUT my_index2/doc/1
   {
       "first_name": "kitty",
       "last_name": "tomcat"
   }
   PUT my_index2/doc/2
   {
       "first_name": "kitty",
       "last_name": "python"
   }
   PUT my_index2/doc/3
   {
       "first_name": "kitty",
       "last_name": "php",
       "full_name": "haha"
   }
   GET my_index2/doc/3
   {
       "full_name": "kitty" # 有Kitty的3组/代替了first_name
     或"full_name": "python" # 有python的1组/代替了last_name
     或"full_name": "haha" # 有haha的1组/haha只有full_name有，无法代替
   }

三、index关键字

"""
index属性，默认为true；如果设置为false，则当前属性不能被创建索引
"""
   PUT my_index3/doc/4
   {
       "mappings": {
           "doc": {
               "dynamic": false
               "properties": {
                   "name": {
                       "type": "text",
                       "index": true
                   },
                   "add": {
                       "type": "text",
                       "index": false
                   }
               }
           }
       }
   }
   PUT my_index3/doc/4
   {
       "name": "kitty",
       "add": "beijing"
   }
   GET my_index3/doc/4
   {
       "query": {
           "match": {
               "add": "beijing" //报错
           }
       }
   }

四、对象型属性

"""
对象型属性访问方式为：.进入下一级对象属性
"""
   PUT my_Index4/doc/1
   {
       "name": "tom",
       "age": 18,
       "add": {
           "address": "beijing",
           "tel": "18088888888"
       }
   }
   PUT my_Index4/doc/1
   {
       "name": "zqx",
       "age": 21,
       "add": {
           "address": "beijing",
           "tel": "18066666666"
       }
   }
   GET my_Index4/_search
   {
       "query": {
           "match": {
               "add.address": "beijing"
           }
       }
   }