DHCP、Ansible

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1、搭建DHCP服务，为局域网内用户提供192.168.100.0/24网段的IP，且租约期默认为48小时

网络拓扑

网络拓扑
环境说明
dhcp-server：Centos7、192.168.100.10 安装dhcp服务
dhcp-client：Centos6，通过dhclient -d 查看获取IP地址状态
dhcp服务搭建及配置

option domain-name "peaoguo.com";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;

default-lease-time 86400;    #默认续期为48小时
max-lease-time 172800;    #最大续期为72小时

log-facility local7;

subnet 192.168.100.0  netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.120;  #IP地址池
        option routers 192.168.100.254;           #网关
        filename "pxelinux.0";                   #网络引导文件
        next-server 192.168.100.10;      # dhcp服务IP地址
}

dhcp-client 获取ip 地址测试

dhcp获取IP过程
dhcp-server服务器日志

[root@localhost dhcpd]# tail /var/log/messages
May 13 14:32:07 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.100.100 from 00:50:56:ae:70:49 (localhost) via ens34
May 13 14:32:07 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.100.100 to 00:50:56:ae:70:49 (localhost) via ens34
May 13 14:33:23 localhost dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:50:56:ae:70:49 (localhost) via ens34
May 13 14:33:23 localhost dhcpd: Abandoning IP address 192.168.100.100: pinged before offer
May 13 14:33:25 localhost dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34
May 13 14:33:26 localhost dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.100.101 to 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34
May 13 14:33:26 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.100.101 (192.168.100.10) from 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34
May 13 14:33:26 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.100.101 to 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34
May 13 14:39:26 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.100.101 from 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34
May 13 14:39:26 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.100.101 to 00:50:56:ae:70:49 via ens34

2、在上述实验基础上，实现DHCP中继

网络拓扑

dhcp中继网络拓扑
环境准备
dhcp-server：Centos7、192.168.100.10 安装dhcp服务
dhcp-relay：Centos7、eth0:192.168.100.25、eth1:10.1.1.1 安装dhcp服务
dhcp-client：Centos6，通过dhclient -d 查看获取IP地址状态
dhcp-server 配置

网卡配置：
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes
IPV6INIT=no
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens32
UUID=db2dbbd8-a363-4249-a3cf-7d2a42de81f2
DEVICE=ens32
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.100.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
GATEWAY=192.168.100.254   #指向dhcp-relay服务器eth0
PREFIX=24
---------------------------------------------------------          
dhcp服务配置：
option domain-name "peaoguo.com";
option domain-name-servers 192.168.0.1;

default-lease-time 43200;
max-lease-time 86400;

log-facility local7;

subnet 192.168.100.0  netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.120;
        option routers 192.168.100.254;
}

subnet 10.1.1.0  netmask 255.255.255.0 {
        range 10.1.1.100 10.1.1.254;
        option routers 10.1.1.1;
}

启动dhcp服务
system start dhcpd

dhcp-relay服务器配置

eth0网卡配置：
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens34
UUID=f570d8a2-908c-4b0b-9d1c-38524549e0d4
DEVICE=ens34
ONBOOT=yes
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
IPADDR=192.168.100.254       
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=192.168.100.10  #指向dhcp服务器IP地址

eth1网卡配置：

TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens35
UUID=0f082b61-0afd-4294-a62a-313e2f5b394e
DEVICE=ens35
ONBOOT=yes
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
IPADDR=10.1.1.1   #指向dhcp地址池默认网关
PREFIX=24

dhcrelay配置
[root@node1 ~]# dhcrelay 192.168.100.10
Dropped all unnecessary capabilities.
Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Relay Agent 4.2.5
Copyright 2004-2013 Internet Systems Consortium.
All rights reserved.
For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Listening on LPF/ens35/00:50:56:84:33:f0
Sending on   LPF/ens35/00:50:56:84:33:f0
Listening on LPF/ens34/00:50:56:84:0f:10
Sending on   LPF/ens34/00:50:56:84:0f:10
Listening on LPF/ens32/00:50:56:84:34:a6
Sending on   LPF/ens32/00:50:56:84:34:a6
Sending on   Socket/fallback


[root@node1 ~]# ss -tunlp |grep dhcrelay
udp    UNCONN     0      0         *:67                    *:*                   users:(("dhcrelay",pid=4092551,fd=7))
udp    UNCONN     0      0         *:67                    *:*                   users:(("dhcrelay",pid=4091950,fd=7))
udp    UNCONN     0      0         *:67                    *:*                   users:(("dhcrelay",pid=4090021,fd=7))

dhcp-client测试

image.png
dhcp-server日志

[root@localhost ~]# tailf /var/log/messages
May 13 17:53:24 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 10.1.1.101 (192.168.100.10) from 00:50:56:ae:76:2b via 10.1.1.1
May 13 17:53:24 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 10.1.1.101 to 00:50:56:ae:76:2b via 10.1.1.1
May 13 17:54:15 localhost dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 10.1.1.101 from 00:50:56:ae:76:2b via 10.1.1.1
May 13 17:54:15 localhost dhcpd: DHCPACK on 10.1.1.101 to 00:50:56:ae:76:2b via 10.1.1.1

3、借助Ansible Playbook自动化搭建LNMP环境（可借助yum）

网络拓扑

网络拓扑
环境说明
ansible服务器：安装ansible、免密登录LNMP服务器
LNMP：安装nginx、php-fpm、php-mysql、mariadb-service(采用yum安装)
ansible服务器配置

编辑hosts文件添加LNMP主机
[root@localhost ansible]# vim hosts
[LNMP]
10.192.1.158

准备各服务配置及WordPress安装文件
nginx.conf
wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz
wp-config.php

编写playbook
[root@localhost playbook]# vim lnmp.yaml 


- hosts: LNMP
  remote_user: root
  tasks:
  - name: install rpms         #安装软件包
    yum: name={{ item }}  state=present
    with_items:
    - nginx
    - php-fpm
    - php-mysql
    - mariadb-server
    tags: rpm

  - name: install conf       #拷贝nginx配置文件，如果配置文件发生改变触发nginx重启
    copy: src=/etc/ansible/playbook/nginx.conf  dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
    notify: restartnginx
  - name: start service  #启动服务
    service: name={{ item }} state=started enabled=yes
    with_items:
    - mariadb
    - php-fpm
    - nginx
  - name: create wordress databases    #创建WordPress数据库
    mysql_db: login_user=root name=wordpress
  - name: mariadb conf   #给数据库授权
    mysql_user: login_user=root name=wordpress host=localhost password='wordpress' priv='wordpress.*:ALL' state=present
    tags: db
  - name: mkdir   #创建WordPress安装目录
    file: path=/data state=directory mode=0755
  - name: uncompress    #解压
    unarchive: src=/etc/ansible/playbook/wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz dest=/data/
    tags: up
  - name: wordpress config  #拷贝WordPress配置文件
    copy: src=/etc/ansible/playbook/wp-config.php dest=/data/wordpress/
    tags: cpwp
  handlers:
  - name: restartnginx
    service: name=nginx state=restarted

运行playbook
- 测试语法是playbook语法
```
[root@localhost playbook]# ansible-playbook --syntax-check lnmp.yaml 

playbook: lnmp.yaml
[root@localhost playbook]#
```
- 干跑测试下
  [root@localhost playbook]# ansible-playbook -C lnmp.yaml
  
  测试
- 运行
  [root@localhost playbook]# ansible-playbook lnmp.yaml
  
  运行
浏览器访问
http://www.peaoguo.wp.com/wp-admin/install.php

访问初始化WordPress

4、采用Ansible Role方式自动化搭建LNMP

创建目录结构
mkdir -pv {nginx,php,mariadb,wordpress}/{tasks,vars,templates,files,meta,defaults}
nginx角色编排

编排nginx角色tasks
cd  /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/tasks
vim main.yml
- name: install nginx
  yum: name=nginx state=latest
  when: ansible_os_family == "RedHat"
- name: copy config
  copy: src=nginx.conf  dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
  notify: restart nginx
- name: start
  service: name=nginx  state=started enabled=yes

编排触发重启
cd  /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/handlers
vim main.yml
- name: restart nginx
  service: name=nginx state=restarted

准备nginx.conf配置文件
cd  /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/files
cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf .

php角色编排

cd /etc/ansible/roles/php/tasks
vim main.yml
- name: install php
  yum: name={{ item }}  state=present
  with_items:
  - php-fpm
  - php-mysql
- name: start php
  service: name=php-fmp state=started enabled=yes

mariadb角色编排

cd /etc/ansible/roles/mariadb/tasks
vim main.yml 
- name: install mariadb-server
  yum: name=mariadb-server
- name: start service
  service: name=mariadb state=started enabled=yes
- name: create wordress databases
  mysql_db: login_user=root name=wordpress
- name: mariadb conf
  mysql_user: login_user=root name=wordpress host=localhost password='wordpress' priv='wordpress.*:ALL' state=present
  tags: db

wordpress角色编排

cd /etc/ansible/roles/wordpress/tasks
vim main.yml
- name: mkdir
  file: path=/data state=directory mode=0755
- name: uncompress
  unarchive: src=/etc/ansible/playbook/wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz dest=/data/
  tags: up
- name: wordpress config
  copy: src=/etc/ansible/playbook/wp-config.php dest=/data/wordpress/
  tags: cpwp

准备WordPress安装文件
cd /etc/ansible/roles/wordpress/files
cp /root/wordpress-5.0.3-zh_CN.tar.gz  .

playbook编写

- name: install nginx
  hosts: LNMP
  remote_user: root
  roles:
    - nginx
    - php
    - mariadb
    - wordpress

playbook语法测试

[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook --syntax-check lnmp.yaml 
playbook: lnmp.yaml
[root@localhost ansible]#

运行
[root@localhost ansible]# ansible-playbook lnmp.yaml

运行

DHCP、Ansible

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