冷启动白屏分析(StartingWindow)
2023-11-27 本文已影响0人
馒Care
背景：项目中需要根据配置文件，动态修改Theme设置的windowBackground资源
结论：不行，搞不定，源码基于SDK29 分析
源码分析：
Zygote启动的时候，通过ActivityStart启动Activity，调用startActivity，中间省略一堆代码。最终调用
mTargetStack.startActivityLocked(mStartActivity, topFocused, newTask, mKeepCurTransition,
mOptions);
我们查看ActivityStack#startActivityLocked
if (r.mLaunchTaskBehind) {
// Don't do a starting window for mLaunchTaskBehind. More importantly make sure we
// tell WindowManager that r is visible even though it is at the back of the stack.
r.setVisibility(true);
ensureActivitiesVisibleLocked(null, 0, !PRESERVE_WINDOWS);
} else if (SHOW_APP_STARTING_PREVIEW && doShow) {
// Figure out if we are transitioning from another activity that is
// "has the same starting icon" as the next one. This allows the
// window manager to keep the previous window it had previously
// created, if it still had one.
TaskRecord prevTask = r.getTaskRecord();
ActivityRecord prev = prevTask.topRunningActivityWithStartingWindowLocked();
if (prev != null) {
// We don't want to reuse the previous starting preview if:
// (1) The current activity is in a different task.
if (prev.getTaskRecord() != prevTask) {
prev = null;
}
// (2) The current activity is already displayed.
else if (prev.nowVisible) {
prev = null;
}
}
r.showStartingWindow(prev, newTask, isTaskSwitch(r, focusedTopActivity));
}
分析showStartingWindow 如下,代码在ActivityRecord#showStartingWindow
void showStartingWindow(ActivityRecord prev, boolean newTask, boolean taskSwitch,
boolean fromRecents) {
if (mAppWindowToken == null) {
return;
}
if (mTaskOverlay) {
// We don't show starting window for overlay activities.
return;
}
if (pendingOptions != null
&& pendingOptions.getAnimationType() == ActivityOptions.ANIM_SCENE_TRANSITION) {
// Don't show starting window when using shared element transition.
return;
}
final CompatibilityInfo compatInfo =
mAtmService.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(info.applicationInfo);
final boolean shown = addStartingWindow(packageName, theme,
compatInfo, nonLocalizedLabel, labelRes, icon, logo, windowFlags,
prev != null ? prev.appToken : null, newTask, taskSwitch, isProcessRunning(),
allowTaskSnapshot(),
mState.ordinal() >= RESUMED.ordinal() && mState.ordinal() <= STOPPED.ordinal(),
fromRecents);
if (shown) {
mStartingWindowState = STARTING_WINDOW_SHOWN;
}
}
我们可以看到这里创建了一个StartingWindow，也就是冷启动的时候，看到的那个白屏的玩意儿，那么这里做了啥？我们继续分析
查看源码可以知道，AppWindowToken#addStartingWindow,做了一系列的判断，例如是否是透明主题，是否是弹窗等。为了方便跟踪结论，直接看关键点。
WindowManagerPolicy.StartingSurface surface = null;
try {
surface = startingData.createStartingSurface(AppWindowToken.this);
} catch (Exception e) {
Slog.w(TAG, "Exception when adding starting window", e);
}
- 这里创建了一个surface
@Override
StartingSurface createStartingSurface(AppWindowToken atoken) {
return mService.mPolicy.addSplashScreen(atoken.token, mPkg, mTheme, mCompatInfo,
mNonLocalizedLabel, mLabelRes, mIcon, mLogo, mWindowFlags,
mMergedOverrideConfiguration, atoken.getDisplayContent().getDisplayId());
}
- 很熟悉的感觉，添加了一个引导页的页面。最终跟踪到PhoneWindowManager#addSplashScreen
public StartingSurface addSplashScreen(IBinder appToken, String packageName, int theme,
CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, CharSequence nonLocalizedLabel, int labelRes, int icon,
int logo, int windowFlags, Configuration overrideConfig, int displayId) {
if (!SHOW_SPLASH_SCREENS) {
return null;
}
if (packageName == null) {
return null;
}
WindowManager wm = null;
View view = null;
try {
Context context = mContext;
if (DEBUG_SPLASH_SCREEN) Slog.d(TAG, "addSplashScreen " + packageName
+ ": nonLocalizedLabel=" + nonLocalizedLabel + " theme="
+ Integer.toHexString(theme));
// Obtain proper context to launch on the right display.
final Context displayContext = getDisplayContext(context, displayId);
if (displayContext == null) {
// Can't show splash screen on requested display, so skip showing at all.
return null;
}
context = displayContext;
if (theme != context.getThemeResId() || labelRes != 0) {
try {
context = context.createPackageContext(packageName, CONTEXT_RESTRICTED);
context.setTheme(theme);
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
// Ignore
}
}
if (overrideConfig != null && !overrideConfig.equals(EMPTY)) {
if (DEBUG_SPLASH_SCREEN) Slog.d(TAG, "addSplashScreen: creating context based"
+ " on overrideConfig" + overrideConfig + " for splash screen");
final Context overrideContext = context.createConfigurationContext(overrideConfig);
overrideContext.setTheme(theme);
final TypedArray typedArray = overrideContext.obtainStyledAttributes(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window);
final int resId = typedArray.getResourceId(R.styleable.Window_windowBackground, 0);
if (resId != 0 && overrideContext.getDrawable(resId) != null) {
// We want to use the windowBackground for the override context if it is
// available, otherwise we use the default one to make sure a themed starting
// window is displayed for the app.
if (DEBUG_SPLASH_SCREEN) Slog.d(TAG, "addSplashScreen: apply overrideConfig"
+ overrideConfig + " to starting window resId=" + resId);
context = overrideContext;
}
typedArray.recycle();
}
final PhoneWindow win = new PhoneWindow(context);
win.setIsStartingWindow(true);
CharSequence label = context.getResources().getText(labelRes, null);
// Only change the accessibility title if the label is localized
if (label != null) {
win.setTitle(label, true);
} else {
win.setTitle(nonLocalizedLabel, false);
}
win.setType(
WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_STARTING);
synchronized (mWindowManagerFuncs.getWindowManagerLock()) {
// Assumes it's safe to show starting windows of launched apps while
// the keyguard is being hidden. This is okay because starting windows never show
// secret information.
if (mKeyguardOccluded) {
windowFlags |= FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED;
}
}
// Force the window flags: this is a fake window, so it is not really
// touchable or focusable by the user. We also add in the ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM
// flag because we do know that the next window will take input
// focus, so we want to get the IME window up on top of us right away.
win.setFlags(
windowFlags|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCHABLE|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM,
windowFlags|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCHABLE|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE|
WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_ALT_FOCUSABLE_IM);
win.setDefaultIcon(icon);
win.setDefaultLogo(logo);
win.setLayout(WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT);
final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = win.getAttributes();
params.token = appToken;
params.packageName = packageName;
params.windowAnimations = win.getWindowStyle().getResourceId(
com.android.internal.R.styleable.Window_windowAnimationStyle, 0);
params.privateFlags |=
WindowManager.LayoutParams.PRIVATE_FLAG_FAKE_HARDWARE_ACCELERATED;
params.privateFlags |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.PRIVATE_FLAG_SHOW_FOR_ALL_USERS;
if (!compatInfo.supportsScreen()) {
params.privateFlags |= WindowManager.LayoutParams.PRIVATE_FLAG_COMPATIBLE_WINDOW;
}
params.setTitle("Splash Screen " + packageName);
addSplashscreenContent(win, context);
wm = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
view = win.getDecorView();
if (DEBUG_SPLASH_SCREEN) Slog.d(TAG, "Adding splash screen window for "
+ packageName + " / " + appToken + ": " + (view.getParent() != null ? view : null));
wm.addView(view, params);
// Only return the view if it was successfully added to the
// window manager... which we can tell by it having a parent.
return view.getParent() != null ? new SplashScreenSurface(view, appToken) : null;
} catch (WindowManager.BadTokenException e) {
// ignore
Log.w(TAG, appToken + " already running, starting window not displayed. " +
e.getMessage());
} catch (RuntimeException e) {
// don't crash if something else bad happens, for example a
// failure loading resources because we are loading from an app
// on external storage that has been unmounted.
Log.w(TAG, appToken + " failed creating starting window", e);
} finally {
if (view != null && view.getParent() == null) {
Log.w(TAG, "view not successfully added to wm, removing view");
wm.removeViewImmediate(view);
}
}
return null;
}
关键的点来了
wm = (WindowManager) context.getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
view = win.getDecorView();
if (DEBUG_SPLASH_SCREEN) Slog.d(TAG, "Adding splash screen window for "
+ packageName + " / " + appToken + ": " + (view.getParent() != null ? view : null));
wm.addView(view, params);
- 这里通过WindowManager获取到了DecorView，我们继续跟踪代码，查看PhoneWindow#getDecorView
@Override
public final @NonNull View getDecorView() {
if (mDecor == null || mForceDecorInstall) {
installDecor();
}
return mDecor;
}
又是很熟悉的感觉，这里执行了installDecor*
private void installDecor() {
mForceDecorInstall = false;
if (mDecor == null) {
mDecor = generateDecor(-1);
mDecor.setDescendantFocusability(ViewGroup.FOCUS_AFTER_DESCENDANTS);
mDecor.setIsRootNamespace(true);
if (!mInvalidatePanelMenuPosted && mInvalidatePanelMenuFeatures != 0) {
mDecor.postOnAnimation(mInvalidatePanelMenuRunnable);
}
} else {
mDecor.setWindow(this);
}
if (mContentParent == null) {
mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);
// Set up decor part of UI to ignore fitsSystemWindows if appropriate.
mDecor.makeOptionalFitsSystemWindows();
final DecorContentParent decorContentParent = (DecorContentParent) mDecor.findViewById(
R.id.decor_content_parent);
if (decorContentParent != null) {
mDecorContentParent = decorContentParent;
mDecorContentParent.setWindowCallback(getCallback());
if (mDecorContentParent.getTitle() == null) {
mDecorContentParent.setWindowTitle(mTitle);
}
final int localFeatures = getLocalFeatures();
for (int i = 0; i < FEATURE_MAX; i++) {
if ((localFeatures & (1 << i)) != 0) {
mDecorContentParent.initFeature(i);
}
}
mDecorContentParent.setUiOptions(mUiOptions);
if ((mResourcesSetFlags & FLAG_RESOURCE_SET_ICON) != 0 ||
(mIconRes != 0 && !mDecorContentParent.hasIcon())) {
mDecorContentParent.setIcon(mIconRes);
} else if ((mResourcesSetFlags & FLAG_RESOURCE_SET_ICON) == 0 &&
mIconRes == 0 && !mDecorContentParent.hasIcon()) {
mDecorContentParent.setIcon(
getContext().getPackageManager().getDefaultActivityIcon());
mResourcesSetFlags |= FLAG_RESOURCE_SET_ICON_FALLBACK;
}
if ((mResourcesSetFlags & FLAG_RESOURCE_SET_LOGO) != 0 ||
(mLogoRes != 0 && !mDecorContentParent.hasLogo())) {
mDecorContentParent.setLogo(mLogoRes);
}
// Invalidate if the panel menu hasn't been created before this.
// Panel menu invalidation is deferred avoiding application onCreateOptionsMenu
// being called in the middle of onCreate or similar.
// A pending invalidation will typically be resolved before the posted message
// would run normally in order to satisfy instance state restoration.
PanelFeatureState st = getPanelState(FEATURE_OPTIONS_PANEL, false);
if (!isDestroyed() && (st == null || st.menu == null) && !mIsStartingWindow) {
invalidatePanelMenu(FEATURE_ACTION_BAR);
}
} else {
mTitleView = findViewById(R.id.title);
if (mTitleView != null) {
if ((getLocalFeatures() & (1 << FEATURE_NO_TITLE)) != 0) {
final View titleContainer = findViewById(R.id.title_container);
if (titleContainer != null) {
titleContainer.setVisibility(View.GONE);
} else {
mTitleView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
mContentParent.setForeground(null);
} else {
mTitleView.setText(mTitle);
}
}
}
if (mDecor.getBackground() == null && mBackgroundFallbackDrawable != null) {
mDecor.setBackgroundFallback(mBackgroundFallbackDrawable);
}
// Only inflate or create a new TransitionManager if the caller hasn't
// already set a custom one.
if (hasFeature(FEATURE_ACTIVITY_TRANSITIONS)) {
if (mTransitionManager == null) {
final int transitionRes = getWindowStyle().getResourceId(
R.styleable.Window_windowContentTransitionManager,
0);
if (transitionRes != 0) {
final TransitionInflater inflater = TransitionInflater.from(getContext());
mTransitionManager = inflater.inflateTransitionManager(transitionRes,
mContentParent);
} else {
mTransitionManager = new TransitionManager();
}
}
mEnterTransition = getTransition(mEnterTransition, null,
R.styleable.Window_windowEnterTransition);
mReturnTransition = getTransition(mReturnTransition, USE_DEFAULT_TRANSITION,
R.styleable.Window_windowReturnTransition);
mExitTransition = getTransition(mExitTransition, null,
R.styleable.Window_windowExitTransition);
mReenterTransition = getTransition(mReenterTransition, USE_DEFAULT_TRANSITION,
R.styleable.Window_windowReenterTransition);
mSharedElementEnterTransition = getTransition(mSharedElementEnterTransition, null,
R.styleable.Window_windowSharedElementEnterTransition);
mSharedElementReturnTransition = getTransition(mSharedElementReturnTransition,
USE_DEFAULT_TRANSITION,
R.styleable.Window_windowSharedElementReturnTransition);
mSharedElementExitTransition = getTransition(mSharedElementExitTransition, null,
R.styleable.Window_windowSharedElementExitTransition);
mSharedElementReenterTransition = getTransition(mSharedElementReenterTransition,
USE_DEFAULT_TRANSITION,
R.styleable.Window_windowSharedElementReenterTransition);
if (mAllowEnterTransitionOverlap == null) {
mAllowEnterTransitionOverlap = getWindowStyle().getBoolean(
R.styleable.Window_windowAllowEnterTransitionOverlap, true);
}
if (mAllowReturnTransitionOverlap == null) {
mAllowReturnTransitionOverlap = getWindowStyle().getBoolean(
R.styleable.Window_windowAllowReturnTransitionOverlap, true);
}
if (mBackgroundFadeDurationMillis < 0) {
mBackgroundFadeDurationMillis = getWindowStyle().getInteger(
R.styleable.Window_windowTransitionBackgroundFadeDuration,
DEFAULT_BACKGROUND_FADE_DURATION_MS);
}
if (mSharedElementsUseOverlay == null) {
mSharedElementsUseOverlay = getWindowStyle().getBoolean(
R.styleable.Window_windowSharedElementsUseOverlay, true);
}
}
}
}
- 最终分析，看关键代码
mContentParent = generateLayout(mDecor);
这里生成了一个layout
if (getContainer() == null) {
if (mBackgroundDrawable == null) {
if (a.hasValue(R.styleable.Window_windowBackground)) {
mBackgroundDrawable = a.getDrawable(R.styleable.Window_windowBackground);
}
}
}
if (getContainer() == null) {
mDecor.setWindowBackground(mBackgroundDrawable);
- 最终获取到了windowBackground，这个就是我们通过themes.xml设置的主题背景了
<!--启动屏主题-->
<style name="SplashTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
<item name="android:windowBackground">@drawable/ic_default_avatar_user</item>
</style>
- 一系列的操作后，我们最终的结论就是，App启动的时候，会帮我们创建一个Window。这个Window是过渡引导使用的。并不是真正的引导页Activity，谷歌的目的就是为了平滑过渡到引导页，不至于，启动白屏/黑屏。或者卡顿。如果想要测试一下，避免卡顿，可以尝试修改主题如下
<style name="SplashTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
<item name="android:windowFullscreen">true</item>
<item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
<item name="android:windowBackground">@color/transparent</item>
</style>
-
当设置windowIsTranslucent 为透明的时候，系统不会为我们创建StartingWindow。所以，当我们点击桌面图标后，会明显的卡顿一定时间后，直接进入SplashActivity。
-
最最终结论，为什么说不能根据配置修改Theme的windowBackground呢。因为系统启动的时候，会自动创建StartingWindow，并且去读取theme的配置，这个动作我们无法感知，所以，也就没有办法去修改，当然，如果强制去修改，也不是不行。但是会出现启动的时候，先看到背景A（StartingWindow），再看到背景B（SplashActivity）
