基础-8、chmod+chown+umask+lsattr/ch
2018-06-07 本文已影响37人
赵老铁
笔记
2.14 文件和目录权限chmod
2.15 更改所有者和所属组chown
2.16 umask
2.17 隐藏权限lsattr/chattr
一、chmod
#ls –l
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/541ef3a88f6f30f5.png)
1、-表示普通文件,rw-表示可读写,r--表示只读
2、rw-用户,r--所属组,r--其他用户
3、r=4(读),w=2(写),x=1(执行) rwx=7
1.1#chmod 700 2.txt(用户rxw权限)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/beff4ae9f635b463.png)
#getenforce(查看selinux状态)
#setenforce 0(临时关闭selinux)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/7d3efd8c1aacea66.png)
#vi /etc/selinux/config (彻底关闭selinux)
SELINUX=disabled
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/9f9fdf00dd143a17.png)
1.2#chmod –R 770 /tmp/aming(-R 统一修改目录及目录下的文件权限)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/edb5f168114b1b48.png)
1.3#chmod u=rwx,g=r,o=r /tmp/aming
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/e74b0dcc547bfa48.png)
1.4#chmod a-x /tmp/aming(全部取消x权限)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/3205b809468a4e28.png)
1.5#chmod u+x /tmp/aming(u加上x权限,同理g+x或者o+x)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/b0a0d64050c5f112.png)
二、chown
2.1#chown donghui /tmp/yum.log(修改log所属用户)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/2abd3217a656c0ac.png)
2.2#chown donghui:123 /tmp/yum.log(修改log用户为donghui组为123)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/e36455cf26146b97.png)
2.3#chown :root /tmp/yum.log(修改log组为root)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/03dfe6e3db6e1688.png)
2.4#chown –R donghui:123 /tmp/aming(统一修改aming及下面文件的用户为donghui和组为123)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/47a845cb91dc19b3.png)
2.5#chgrp donghui /tmp/yum.log(修改log所属组为donghui)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/e1fe74f4347a7e45.png)
三、umask
umask默认新建文件/目录权限设定值
3.1#umask(默认0022)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/a53b69e90566c8b7.png)
3.2#umask 002(修改为002)
777-002=rwxrwxrwx- -------w-=rwxrwxr-x
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/0bc93444b14ede62.png)
四、隐藏权限lsattr/chattr
4.1 文件:
4.1.1#chattr +i 1.txt(i无法进行任何操作)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/4cbb4d9328dc00c1.png)
4.1.2#lsattr 1.txt(查看特殊权限)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/99aa3fbdd93f062f.png)
4.1.3# chattr -i 1.txt(取消i)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/2905c31f0874732c.png)
4.1.4
chattr +a 1.txt(a只能追加、touch)
head –n2 /etc/passwd >>1.txt(追加)
chattr –a 1.txt(取消a)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/3e1c13668fc0d26a.png)
4.2 目录:
4.2.1#lsattr –d 111(查看目录本身)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/097f428ea36dc4bb.png)
4.2.2#chattr +i 111 (i无法进行任何操作)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/24d54ab3acba44ed.png)
4.2.3# chattr -i 111(取消i)
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/316e948f9f131be3.png)
4.2.4
chattr +a 111(a只能追加、touch)
head –n2 /etc/passwd >> 111/2.txt
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i10030328/6afd804d6c93ede3.png)