音视频积累

AAC格式ADTS+实例剖析

2021-07-13  本文已影响0人  第八区

介绍

在前面flv格式详解+实例剖析的文章中介绍了flv的格式，今天这章主要介绍ADTS格式

AAC的音频文件格式有ADIF ＆ ADTS：

总结：ADTS可以在任意帧解码，也就是说它每一帧都有头信息。ADIF只有一个统一的头，所以必须得到所有的数据后解码。且这两种的header的格式也是不同的，目前一般编码后的和抽取出的都是ADTS格式的音频流。

ADTS 格式

adts.png

从图上可以总结出两点：

固定头信息:adts_fixed_header()

1.jpg

syncword ：同步头 总是0xFFF, all bits must be 1，代表着一个ADTS帧的开始

可变头信息:adts_variable_header()

2.jpg

实例分析

前面文章介绍了flv格式详解+实例剖析，这里我们还是使用里面的资源《东风破》——周杰伦（下载）

D:\jianshu>ffprobe -show_format dongfengpo.flv
ffprobe version 4.4-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2007-2021 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 10.2.0 (Rev6, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-d3d11va --enable-dxva2 --enable-libmfx --enable-libglslang --enable-vulkan --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
Input #0, flv, from 'dongfengpo.flv':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf57.41.100
  Duration: 00:05:14.47, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 431 kb/s
  Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (High), yuv420p(progressive), 352x240 [SAR 3675:3674 DAR 245:167], 283 kb/s, 29.97 fps, 29.97 tbr, 1k tbn, 59.94 tbc
  Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s
[FORMAT]
filename=dongfengpo.flv
nb_streams=2
nb_programs=0
format_name=flv
format_long_name=FLV (Flash Video)
start_time=0.000000
duration=314.470000
size=16954257
bit_rate=431310
probe_score=100
TAG:encoder=Lavf57.41.100
[/FORMAT]

视频是flv格式的文件，我们先使用ffmpeg把aac抽取出来文件

ffmpeg -i dongfengpo.flv -acodec copy -vn dongfengpo.aac

查看一下信息

D:\jianshu>ffprobe -show_format dongfengpo.aac
ffprobe version 4.4-full_build-www.gyan.dev Copyright (c) 2007-2021 the FFmpeg developers
  built with gcc 10.2.0 (Rev6, Built by MSYS2 project)
  configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-static --disable-w32threads --disable-autodetect --enable-fontconfig --enable-iconv --enable-gnutls --enable-libxml2 --enable-gmp --enable-lzma --enable-libsnappy --enable-zlib --enable-librist --enable-libsrt --enable-libssh --enable-libzmq --enable-avisynth --enable-libbluray --enable-libcaca --enable-sdl2 --enable-libdav1d --enable-libzvbi --enable-librav1e --enable-libsvtav1 --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-libaom --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libvpx --enable-libass --enable-frei0r --enable-libfreetype --enable-libfribidi --enable-libvidstab --enable-libvmaf --enable-libzimg --enable-amf --enable-cuda-llvm --enable-cuvid --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-nvdec --enable-nvenc --enable-d3d11va --enable-dxva2 --enable-libmfx --enable-libglslang --enable-vulkan --enable-opencl --enable-libcdio --enable-libgme --enable-libmodplug --enable-libopenmpt --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libshine --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwolame --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libilbc --enable-libgsm --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopus --enable-libspeex --enable-libvorbis --enable-ladspa --enable-libbs2b --enable-libflite --enable-libmysofa --enable-librubberband --enable-libsoxr --enable-chromaprint
  libavutil      56. 70.100 / 56. 70.100
  libavcodec     58.134.100 / 58.134.100
  libavformat    58. 76.100 / 58. 76.100
  libavdevice    58. 13.100 / 58. 13.100
  libavfilter     7.110.100 /  7.110.100
  libswscale      5.  9.100 /  5.  9.100
  libswresample   3.  9.100 /  3.  9.100
  libpostproc    55.  9.100 / 55.  9.100
[aac @ 000001da29bfa980] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
Input #0, aac, from 'dongfengpo.aac':
  Duration: 00:04:58.38, bitrate: 139 kb/s
  Stream #0:0: Audio: aac (LC), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 139 kb/s
[FORMAT]
filename=dongfengpo.aac
nb_streams=1
nb_programs=0
format_name=aac
format_long_name=raw ADTS AAC (Advanced Audio Coding)
start_time=N/A
duration=298.379710
size=5188301
bit_rate=139106
probe_score=51
[/FORMAT]

使用Binary Viewer打开


3.png

我们看前7个字节

FFF1508003DFFC

按照前面的格式分析

我们找到下一个同步字0xFFF的位置正好是在30。符合aac_frame_length
最后我们用工具Projects (p23.nl)验证一下

image.png

到这里整个adts格式分析就结束了，大家可以自己尝试一下。

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