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创建ASP.NET Core MVC应用程序(2)-利用MySQ

2016-11-18  本文已影响280人  CharlieChu

创建ASP.NET Core MVC应用程序(2)-利用MySQL Connector NET连接到MySQL

用惯.NET的研发人员都习惯性地使用SQLServer作为数据库。然而.NET Core都玩开源了,那么本文我就采用MySQL数据库。

安装MySQL

首先从官网下载MySQL安装包。在Mac下会安装到/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql文件目录下。

Mac下安装完成之后可以在系统偏好设置查看到MySQL:


然后将MySQL路径加入到环境变量之中:

cd ~
touch .bash_profile

touch命令有两个功能:

  • 用于把已存在文件的时间标签更新为系统当前的时间(默认方式),它们的数据将原封不动地保留下来。
  • 二是用来创建新的空文件。
open -e .bash_profile

open命令是Mac OS专用的命令行,用于打开文件、目录或执行程序。就等同于在命令行模式下,重复图形界面“双击”的动作。
可以使用-a选项要求自行选择打开的程序,或使用-e强制在TextEdit中编辑此文件。

在TextEdit中打开该文件,如果没有配置过环境变量,则会是一个空白文档。在里面输入:“export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin”即可。

配置连接字符串

打开appsettings.json,添加MySQL的连接字符串信息,此处使用MySQL的示例数据库sakila。类似于SQLServer的示例数据库AdventureWorksNorthwind

{
    "Logging": {
        "IncludeScopes": false,
        "LogLevel": {
            "Default": "Debug",
            "System": "Information",
            "Microsoft": "Information"
        }
    },
    "ConnectionStrings": {
        "MyConnection": "server=localhost;userid=root;pwd=(<你的密码>);port=3306;database=sakila;sslmode=none;"
    }
}

添加MySQL相关依赖项

首先在project.json文件中添加EntityFrameworkCore依赖项,添加MySQL Connector for .NET Core引用;并在buildOptionssection里面指定将appsettings.json复制到output里面。



最终的文件结果类似于这样:

{
    "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
            "version": "1.0.1",
            "type": "platform"
        },
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc": "1.0.1",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": {
            "version": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
            "type": "build"
        },
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing": "1.0.1",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.Kestrel": "1.0.1",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.StaticFiles": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.EnvironmentVariables": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.CommandLine": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Console": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.Debug": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.Extensions.Options.ConfigurationExtensions": "1.0.0",
        "Microsoft.VisualStudio.Web.BrowserLink.Loader": "14.0.0",
        "MySql.Data.Core": "7.0.4-ir-191",
        "MySql.Data.EntityFrameworkCore": "7.0.4-ir-191"
    },

    "tools": {
        "BundlerMinifier.Core": "2.0.238",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final",
        "Microsoft.AspNetCore.Server.IISIntegration.Tools": "1.0.0-preview2-final"
    },

    "frameworks": {
        "netcoreapp1.0": {
            "imports": [
                "dotnet5.6",
                "portable-net45+win8"
            ]
        }
    },

    "buildOptions": {
        "emitEntryPoint": true,
        "preserveCompilationContext": true,
        "copyToOutput": {
            "include": "appsettings.json"
        }
    },

    "runtimeOptions": {
        "configProperties": {
            "System.GC.Server": true
        }
    },

    "publishOptions": {
        "include": [
            "wwwroot",
            "**/*.cshtml",
            "appsettings.json",
            "web.config"
        ]
    },

    "scripts": {
        "precompile": ["dotnet bundle"],
        "prepublish": ["bower install"],
        "postpublish": ["dotnet publish-iis --publish-folder %publish:OutputPath% --framework %publish:FullTargetFramework%"]
    },

    "tooling": {
        "defaultNamespace": "MyFirstApp"
    }
}

最后运行dotnet restore命令,该命令将会下载所有需要的依赖项。

添加MySQL示例数据库Sakila

这里我们将使用MySQL示例数据库sakila作为演示。

mysql -u root -p
SOURCE /Users/CharlieChu/Desktop/sakila-db/sakila-schema.sql;
SOURCE /Users/CharlieChu/Desktop/sakila-db/sakila-data.sql;
USE sakila;
SHOW TABLES;

如下是执行的具体效果:




获取MySQL数据库数据

从Sakila数据库Category表获取信息:

public static void Main(string[] args)
{
    var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
        .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: false, reloadOnChange: true);

    var configuration = builder.Build();

    string connectionString = configuration.GetConnectionString("MyConnection");

    MySqlConnection connection = new MySqlConnection
    {
        ConnectionString = connectionString
    };
    connection.Open();
    MySqlCommand command = new MySqlCommand("SELECT * FROM sakila.customer;", connection);

    using (MySqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader())
    {
        System.Console.WriteLine("Customer Id\t\tFirst Name\t\tLast Name\t\tEmail");
        while (reader.Read())
        {
            string row = $"{reader["customer_id"]}\t\t{reader["first_name"]}\t\t{reader["last_name"]}\t\t{reader["email"]}";
            System.Console.WriteLine(row);
        }
    }

    connection.Close();

    System.Console.ReadKey();
}

运行dotnet run即可查看具体的数据。

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