anaconda+python3.7+caffe编译CPU版本手

python版本是3.7.2，之前编了python2版本的caffe一直在用，切换一下python3。
先贴一下makeconfig，不想看可以直接往下拉。

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
# USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#   You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#   possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
 OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
        -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
        -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
        -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
        -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
        -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
        -gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
        -gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
        -gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := atlas
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2.7 \
#       /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
 ANACONDA_HOME := /home/kay/DiskT/TJG/anaconda3
 PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
         $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python3.7m \
         $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python3.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.7m
#PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.7m \
 #               /usr/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
#PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
#INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include
#LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib

INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial/include 
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @

可能会遇到如下问题：

CXX .build_release/src/caffe/proto/caffe.pb.cc
PROTOC (python) src/caffe/proto/caffe.proto
LD -o .build_release/lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0-rc3
CXX/LD -o python/caffe/_caffe.so python/caffe/_caffe.cpp
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lboost_python3
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [python/caffe/_caffe.so] 错误 1

因为在配置文件的第 74 行中有 PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 ，但是在系统中无法找到 boost_python3.lib 这个库文件。

解决方案如下：
检查是否有如下文件（末尾的数字可能根据版本有所不同）：

ls /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libboost_python-py35.so

如果有，说明我们的系统中已经有了这种库文件，只是文件名不同。

cd /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/
sudo ln -s libboost_python-py35.so libboost_python3.so

编译过程中报c++11的问题，在Makefile文件中加-std=c++11

# Linux
ifeq ($(LINUX), 1)
    CXX ?= /usr/bin/g++
    GCCVERSION := $(shell $(CXX) -dumpversion | cut -f1,2 -d.)
    # older versions of gcc are too dumb to build boost with -Wuninitalized
    ifeq ($(shell echo | awk '{exit $(GCCVERSION) < 4.6;}'), 1)
        WARNINGS += -Wno-uninitialized
    endif
    # boost::thread is reasonably called boost_thread (compare OS X)
    # We will also explicitly add stdc++ to the link target.
    LIBRARIES += boost_thread stdc++
    VERSIONFLAGS += -Wl,-soname,$(DYNAMIC_VERSIONED_NAME_SHORT) -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../lib
    CXXFLAGS += -std=c++11//嗯就是这一行
endif

编译pycaffe的时候同样遇到c++11问题，同样在Makefile里加，这个难找一点

$(PY$(PROJECT)_SO): $(PY$(PROJECT)_SRC) $(PY$(PROJECT)_HXX) | $(DYNAMIC_NAME)
    @ echo CXX/LD -o $@ $<
    $(Q)$(CXX) -shared -o $@ $(PY$(PROJECT)_SRC) \
                   -std=c++11 \    //没错就是这一行
        -o $@ $(LINKFLAGS) -l$(LIBRARY_NAME) $(PYTHON_LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,-rpath,$(ORIGIN)/../../build/lib