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2021-11-11【文献】利用叶绿素荧光参数通过GWAS和RN

2021-11-11  本文已影响0人  Wei_Sun

Title: Identification of soybean phosphorous efficiency QTLs and genes using chlorophyll fluorescence parameters through GWAS and RNA‑seq

题目:利用叶绿素荧光参数通过GWAS和RNA-seq鉴定大豆磷利用效率QTL和基因

通讯作者:张丹
机构:河南农业大学
杂志:Planta
IF/分区:4.12/Q1
发表时间:2021.10

研究意义:

探究光合作用与磷效率之间的遗传关系,为大豆改良提供遗传学依据,为培育磷效率和光合效率较高的大豆品种提供遗传基础。

M&M:

材料:219份大豆材料(204份中国,10份其他国家,5份来源未知)
性状:四个主要的叶绿素荧光参数来衡量光合效率,包括光系统最大量子效率(Fv/Fm);光系统II量子效率(ΦPSII);光化学淬灭(qP);非光化学淬灭(NPQ)
处理:在发芽4-5天后,挑选长势一致的种子,在正常P和低P条件下各水培3株,2017-2019年进行3次试验。
方法:
1.叶绿素荧光参数的测量:水培处理15 d后,用MINI-PAM便携式叶绿素荧光仪测定叶绿素荧光参数。
2.叶绿素荧光参数的计算:R包计算遗传力
3.GWAS:Gapit,292,035SNPs
4.RNA-seq及分析:选择耐低P和不耐低P品种各一个,三个生物学重复测序
5.候选基因预测与表达量:位于QTL区间内,且表达量有差异的基因为候选基因
6.qRT-PCR

结论:

1.叶绿素荧光参数在不同磷水平下表现出显著差异:三个指标在三年的不同P水平下,均出现了显著的差异,表明植物在缺磷时,光合作用受到抑制,进一步揭示了缺磷与光合作用的分子联系。在不同的基因型间,表型有丰富的变异,且遗传力较高,证明在表型变异中,遗传有着重要的作用。表型接近或符合正态分布,证明是多基因控制的性状。


Fig.1 Frequency distribution of four chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under low P and normal P conditions across three experiments. E1, E2 and E3 represent the three experiments, respectively; NP, normal phosphorus concentration; LP, low phosphorus concentration; Fv/Fm, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II; ΦPSII, actual yield of photosystem II; qP, photochemical quenching coefficient; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching coefficient

2.叶绿素荧光参数的相关性分析:NPQ在正常条件下,与ΦPSII显著负相关,低P时显著正相关,表明NPQ是植物适应低磷胁迫的重要生理变化,可作为磷高效材料筛选的指标.


3.GWAS挖掘与P效率相关的位点:共定位到52个显著的SNP,其中38个在多个环境中同时被检测到,部分表型解释率大于10%,说明存在与P效率相关的主要QTL。通过LD,在显著位点上下游130kb作为一个QTL,共有12个QTL,3个在多个环境中存在,并包含多个已报道过的基因,表明与其他性状也存在相关性。


Fig.2 Manhattan plots and quantile–quantile plots of the GWAS results for the ratio of four chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under different phosphorus levels (low P/normal P) in 219 soybean accessions (MLM, Q + K, P < 4.82 × 10–6). E1, E2 and E3 represent the three environments, respectively; Fv/Fm, maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II; ΦPSII, actual yield of photosystem II; qP, photochemical quenching coefficient; NPQ, non-photochemical quenching coefficient

4.差异基因:对一个耐低P品种W82和一个低P敏感品种Jack进行转录组测序,在低磷胁迫下,W82基因的上调基因比Jack少142个,下调基因少10个。差异基因可以分为四类,只在W82中差异表达;只在Jack中差异表达;在W82和Jack中均差异表达;在W82和Jack中差异表达模式相反,表明不同材料中参与低磷胁迫响应的基因不同。将差异表达基因与GWAS关联到的QTL进行比较,找到三个重合的基因,作为低P胁迫下与光合作用相关的候选基因。


Fig.3 DEGs identified by RAN-seq and distributed of unique and shared between W82 and Jack. The single black circle represent individually DEGs; the black circles connected by a black bar represent common DEGs; the red circles represent the groups candidate genes located; leftmost horizontal bars indicate the total number of DGEs for each type. LP, low P condition; NP, normal P condition. DEGs were classified into four main categories as follows: (1) the DEGs (73 downregulated and 221 upregulated) only in low P vs normal P comparison group of Jack; (2) the DEGs (57 downregulated and 85 upregulated) only in low P vs normal P comparison group of W82; (3) the DEGs (6 downregulated and 4 upregulated) both significantly differential expressing in low P vs normal P comparison group of W82 and Jack; (4) the DEGs (7 and 1 genes) which had the opposite mode of expression in low P vs normal P comparison group

5.候选基因功能预测:Glyma.18g092900参与植物的细胞凋亡、生长发育、胁迫相应等多种生理过程;qPNPQ18-3参与高温或其他环境胁迫反应,并与植物生长和气孔开闭有关;qPQP20-1可以调控发育和信号转导。这说明三个候选基因可能通过不同的生理生化过程直接影响低磷条件下对光合作用的调控。


  1. 差异基因的表达分析:三个候选基因在根叶中均高表达。通过qRT-PCR在叶中对表达量进行验证,在W82中Glyma.20G089400显著上调,但在Jack中,显著下调,表明在不同P浓度下,不同基因型中候选基因的表达模式不同,这些基因表达的差异可能是造成大豆对缺磷胁迫耐受性差异的原因。


    Fig.4 Expression analysis of the three putative genes. a Digital expression levels of three genes in different tissues at different stages based on RNA-seq data. The values used in heatmaps from the microarray data were log2-transformed. b Expression analysis of the three putative genes in leaves of W82 and Jack under normal P and low conditions. *, ** and *** indicate significance at the 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001 levels; NP, normal P concentration; LP, low P concentration

亮点:

  1. 性状的选择,用叶绿素荧光参数来反映不同P环境中光合作用强弱,没有直接选择种子相关指标,缩短实验周期。
  2. GWAS + RNA-seq + qRT-PCR

原文链接:

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00425-021-03760-8

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