【操作系统】Linux:重常用开发环境的安装部署
2018-07-26 本文已影响59人
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1.Nginx在Linux下的安装
1.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
1.1.1.Nginx的基本安装
#1.Nginx的下载安装
sudo apt-get update
apt-get install nginx
#2.Nginx的配置文件路径
sudo vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
#3.Nginx的启动和停止
sudo service nginx start
sudo service nginx stop
ubuntu中安装Nginx相对来说比较简单，默认端口是80，在浏览器中输入ip:80即可访问。
1.1.2.Nginx配置vhost
所谓vhost说白了就是把多个应用映射到一个ip地址上，达到多对一的效果。
#1.创建nginx虚拟主机配置文件
sudo vi /etc/nginx/sites-available/mydefault.vhost
#mydefault.vhost文件内容如下：
#-----------------------------mydefault.vhost--------------------------------------#
#用户端api接口转发
server {
listen 80;
server_name 192.168.0.65;
index index.html;
location /uc {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6001;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location /otc {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6002;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location /exchange {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6003;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location /market {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6004;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
location /chat {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6007;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
}
#后台api接口转发
server {
listen 80;
server_name api.admin.domain.com;
index index.html;
location / {
index index.html;
client_max_body_size 5m;
proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6010;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "upgrade";
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
}
}
#---------------------------mydefault.vhost----------------------------------#
#2.建立一个mydefault.vhost文件的链接
#（因为nginx的主配置文件nginx.conf会自动应用sites-enabled中的配置文件，所以我们需要在sites-enabled中建立一个mydefault.vhost文件的链接）
cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mydefault.vhost mydefault.vhost
#3.重新加载nginx使配置生效
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload
1.2.centos环境下的安装配置
centos7系统库中默认是没有nginx的rpm包的，所以我们自己需要先更新下rpm依赖库
#1.使用yum安装nginx需要包括Nginx的库，安装Nginx的库
rpm -ivh http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/noarch/RPMS/nginx-release-centos-7-0.el7.ngx.noarch.rpm
#2.rpm包的安装：
#2.1.安装一个包
rpm -ivh
#2.2.升级一个包，没安装过的不能使用升级命令
rpm -Uvh
#2.3.移走一个包
rpm -e
#3.安装准备依赖lib库
yum install gcc-c++ pcre pcre-devel zlib zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel
#4.使用下面命令安装nginx
yum install nginx
#5.启动/重启/停止Nginx
service nginx start 或 systemctl start nginx.service
service nginx restart
/etc/init.d/nginx stop
/etc/init.d/nginx start
2.kafka在Linux下的安装
2.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
2.1.1.Kafka的基本环境的安装
##Install and Start Apache Kafka Server : 0.0.0.0:9092
#0: update and upgrade
sudo apt-get update -y
#1: home dir
cd /home/imex
#2: find new package @ www.apache.org
http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/kafka/1.0.1/kafka_2.11-1.0.1.tgz
#3: download
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/kafka/1.0.1/kafka_2.11-1.0.1.tgz
#4: mkdir
sudo mkdir /opt/Kafka
cd /opt/Kafka
#5: install
sudo tar -xvf /home/imex/kafka_2.11-1.0.1.tgz -C /opt/Kafka/
#6: start
sudo /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-server-start.sh
/opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/config/server.properties
#7: to start the Kafka server as a background process:
sudo nohup /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/config/server.properties /tmp/kafka.log 2>&1 &
#check
netstat -ant | grep :9092
#8: Testing Kafka Server
#-- To test Kafka, create a sample topic with name "testing" in Apache Kafka using the following command:
sudo /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper localhost:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1 --topic testing
#-- Now, ask Zookeeper to list available topics on Apache Kafka by running the following command:
sudo /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-topics.sh --list --zookeeper localhost:2181
#--Now, publish a sample messages to Apache Kafka topic called testing by using the following producer command:
sudo /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list localhost:9092 --topic testing
#--Now, use consumer command to check for messages on Apache Kafka Topic called testing by running the following command:
sudo /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.11-1.0.1/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh -- zookeeper localhost:2181 --topic testing --from-beginning
2.1.2.Kafka的服务配置
#1.创建服务文件
cd /etc/systemd/system/
sudo vi kafka.service
#2.填充内容
[Unit]
Description=Redis In-Memory Data Store
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart= /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.12-1.1.0/bin/kafka-server-start.sh /opt/Kafka/kafka_2.12-1.1.0/config/server.properties
ExecStop=/opt/Kafka/kafka_2.12-1.1.0/bin/kafka-server-stop.sh
Restart=alwaiys
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
#3.启动、停止命令
sudo systemctl start kafka.service
sudo systemctl stop kafka.service
2.1.3.Kafka常见问题解决
1).Kafka自动关闭问题
Kafka在启动一段时间后，如果出现服务自动关闭情况，可在启动kafka的时使用守护进程模式启动，即在原启动命令中加 -daemon。
kafka-server-start.sh -daemon config/server.properties &
3.mysql在Linux下的安装
3.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
3.1.1.mysql的基本环境的安装
#1.首先执行下面三条命令：
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
sudo apt isntall mysql-client
sudo apt install libmysqlclient-dev
#2.安装成功后可以通过下面的命令测试是否安装成功：
sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
#3.现在设置mysql允许远程访问，首先编辑文件/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf：
sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
#注释掉bind-address = 127.0.0.1：
#4.保存退出，然后进入mysql服务，执行授权命令：
grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '你的密码' with grant option;
flush privileges;
#然后执行quit命令退出mysql服务，执行如下命令重启mysql：
service mysql restart
3.1.2.mysql的基本环境的卸载
#1. 删除mysql
a. sudo apt-get autoremove --purge mysql-server-5.0
b. sudo apt-get remove mysql-server
c. sudo apt-get autoremove mysql-server
d. sudo apt-get remove mysql-common (非常重要)
#2. 清理残留数据
dpkg -l |grep ^rc|awk '{print $2}' |sudo xargs dpkg -P
3.zookeeper在Linux下的安装
3.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
3.1.1.zookeeper的基本环境的安装
# 1.下载zookeeper
wget http://apache.osuosl.org/zookeeper/stable/zookeeper-3.4.12.tar.gz
# 2.解压到相关目录
tar -xf zookeeper-3.4.12.tar.gz
# 3.将zookeeper-3.4.3/conf目录下的zoo_sample.cfg文件拷贝一份，命名为为“zoo.cfg”
# 4.修改zoo.cfg配置文件
dataDir=/home/gradven/zookeeper-3.4.6/data # 数据存放位置，可根据需要修改
clientPort=2181 # 服务监听端口，可根据需要修改。
# 5.启动服务
bin/zkServer.sh start
# 6.启动客户端测试
bin/zkCli.sh -server 127.0.0.1:2181
# 显示根目录下、文件：
ls /
# 创建文件，并设置初始内容：
[zk: 127.0.0.1:2181(CONNECTED) 1] create /treeroot hello
Created /treeroot
[zk: 127.0.0.1:2181(CONNECTED) 2] get /treeroot
hello
cZxid = 0x2
ctime = Tue Oct 20 00:30:34 CST 2015
mZxid = 0x2
mtime = Tue Oct 20 00:30:34 CST 2015
pZxid = 0x2
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 5
numChildren = 0
[zk: 127.0.0.1:2181(CONNECTED) 3] delete /treeroot
[zk: 127.0.0.1:2181(CONNECTED) 4]
# 退出客户端：
quit
# 7.查看zookeeper的状态
./zkServer.sh status ./zkServer.sh status
# 8.重启zookeeper 命令
./zkServer.sh status ./zkServer.sh restart
3.1.1.zookeeper的服务配置
# 1.设置开机自启动
在/etc/rc.local的末尾添加一行以绝对路径启动脚本的行;
/usr/local/sbin/zookeeper/zookeeper-3.4.12/bin/zkServer.sh start
# 2.zookeeper服务配置
4.JDK在Linux下的安装
4.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
4.1.1.apt-get的安装方式
4.1.2.解压安装方式
#1.下载jdk
wget 路径
#2.解压
tar -zxvf 包名
#3.环境变量配置
vi ~/.bashrc
#在最下面添加如下内容
#set oracle jdk environment
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0_60 ## 这里要注意目录要换成自己解压的jdk 目录
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
然后编译该文件
4.查看是否安装成功
java -version
source ~/.bashrc
5.maven在Linux下的安装
5.1.ubuntu环境下的安装配置
5.1.1.apt-get的安装方式
5.1.2.解压安装方式
#1.到官网下载相关版本maven
#2.复制解压
sudo mv apache-maven-3.5.3-bin.tar.gz /usr/local/
sudo tar -zxvf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
sudo rm -rf apache-maven-3.5.4-bin.tar.gz
#3.配置环境变量
sudo vi ~/.bashrc
#添加如下内容
export M2_HOME=/usr/local/software/maven/apache-maven-3.5.4
export PATH=${M2_HOME}/bin:$PATH
#编译
source ~/.bashrc
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