2015年高考英语上海卷 - 阅读理解C

One of the executives gathered at the Aspen Institute for a day-long leadership workshop using the works of Shakespeare was discussing the role of Brutus in the death of Julius Caesar. “Brutus was not an honorable man,” he said. “He was a traitor. And he murdered someone in cold blood.” The agreement was that Brutus had acted with cruelty when other options were available to him. He made a bad decision, they said—at least as it was presented by Shakespeare—to take the lead in murdering Julius Caesar. And though one of the executives acknowledged that Brutus had the good of the republic in mind, Caesar was nevertheless his superior. “You have to endeavor,” the executives said, “our policy is to obey the chain of command.”
高管们聚集在阿斯彭研究所， 参加为期一天的莎士比亚作品领导力研讨会，讨论布鲁图斯在凯撒大帝之死中的角色。其中一位说：“布鲁图斯不是一个值得尊敬的人，他是个叛徒，残忍地谋杀他人。”大家都认同布鲁图斯在有其他选择的情况下采取了残忍的手段。他们说，他做了一个糟糕的决定（至少莎士比亚这么认为），带头谋杀凯撒大帝。尽管有位高管承认布鲁图斯有很好的共和意识，但凯撒仍然是他的上级。“你必须努力，”高管们说，“我们的政策是服从指挥。”

During the last few years, business executives and book writers looking for a new way to advise corporate America have been exploiting Shakespeare’s wisdom for profitable ends. None more so than husband and wife team Kenneth and Carol Adelman, well-known advisers to the White House, who started up a training company called “Movers and Shakespeare”. They are amateur Shakespeare scholars and Shakespeare lovers, and they have combined their passion and their high level contacts into a management training business. They conduct between 30 and 40 workshops annually, focusing on half a dozen different plays, mostly for corporations, but also for government agencies.
在过去的几年里，商业高管和图书作家一直在寻找一种新的方式来为美国企业提供建议，他们一直在利用莎士比亚的智慧来实现盈利目的。不过，夫妻团队肯尼斯·阿德尔曼和卡罗尔·阿德尔曼是白宫的知名顾问，他们创办了一家名为“行动者与莎士比亚”的培训公司。他们是业余的莎士比亚学者和莎士比亚爱好者，他们将自己的热情和高水平的人脉结合到了管理培训业务中。他们每年举办30至40场研讨会，重点是六场不同的戏剧，主要面向公司，也面向政府机构。

The workshops all take the same form, focusing on a single play as a kind of case study, and using individual scenes as specific lessons. In Julius Caesar , sly provocation of Brutus to take up arms against the what was a basis for a discussion of methods of team building and grass roots organism.
这些研讨会都采用相同的形式，侧重于一部戏剧作为一类案例研究，并使用个别场景作为具体的课程。在《凯撒大帝》中，布鲁图斯狡诈的挑唆，拿起武器对抗团队建设方法和基层组织的讨论基础。

Although neither of the Adelmans is academically trained in literature, the programmes, contain plenty of Shakespeare tradition and background. Their workshop on Henry V, for example, includes a helpful explanation of Henry’s winning strategy at the Battle of Agincourt. But they do come to the text with a few biases: their reading of Henry V minimizes his misuse of power. Instead, they emphasize the story of the youth who seizes opportunity and becomes a masterful leader. And at the workshop on Caesar, Mr. Adelmans had little good to say about Brutus, saying “the noblest Roman of them all” couldn’t make his mind up about things.
尽管阿德尔曼夫妇都没有受过文学方面的学术训练，但这些节目包含了大量莎士比亚的传统和背景。例如，他们关于亨利五世的研讨会包括对亨利在阿金库尔战役中获胜策略的有益解释。但他们在文本中确实有一些偏见：他们对亨利五世的解读最大限度地减少了他对权力的滥用。相反，他们强调的是年轻人抓住机会，成为一个出色的领导者的故事。在关于凯撒的研讨会上，阿德尔曼先生对布鲁图斯几乎没有什么好的评价，他说“他们中最高贵的罗马人”无法对事情做出决定。

Many of the participants pointed to very specific elements in the play that they felt related Caesar’s pride, which led to his murder, and Brutus’s mistakes in leading the after the murder, they said, raise vital questions for anyone serving as a business when and how do you resist the boss?
许多参与者指出了剧中非常具体的元素，他们觉得这与凯撒的骄傲有关，而凯撒的骄傲导致了他的谋杀，布鲁图斯在谋杀后的领导失误，他们说，这对任何一个做生意的人来说都提出了至关重要的问题，你什么时候以及如何抵制老板？