【小组活动】2016.05.16 Should museums
今天恰巧看见一篇很适合作为作文范文的文章，分享给大家。顺便作为一个新开活动系列？
范文选用外刊原文，未必适合所有考试，仅供参考。另外，如果确实在备考，建议自己写完再看范文，光看不写估计没效果。
题目：Should museums be free?
（翻了两个题库没找到参考题>< 按雅思格式胡诌一个：Some people believe that museums should sell tickets to make profit. Others think that museums should be freely visited in order to attract more people. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.）
范文：Should museums be free? (BBC, 2013)
不定期更新。有小伙伴接力就最好啦！有大神愿意翻成中文就可以做逆翻啦！
Should museums be free?
博物馆应该免费么？
That’s the question some in the cultural travel community are asking following news of a class action lawsuit filed in early March against one of the world’s most prestigious, expensive and visited museums.
这个问题是由一些文化旅游界人士于三月上旬以集体诉讼形式将世界上最昂贵的著名参观博物馆告上法庭时所提出的。
New York’s Metropolitan Museum of Art is accused of deceptive ticketing practices, according to a suit filed by attorney Arnold Weiss on behalf of three museum visitors.
据代表三位博物馆游客对纽约大都会博物馆提起诉讼的律师Arnold Weiss所说，起诉原因是其售票行为具有欺骗性。
The lawsuit charges that the museum leads people to believe the $25 fee is required rather than merely recommended, and seeks compensation for all visitors who paid the full price via credit card over the last few years.
此案起诉该博物馆诱导人们认为入馆费是25美元（事实上只是建议），并要求其对在过去几年内所有通过信用卡支付全额门票的游客进行赔偿。
The Met attracts some six million visitors per year, all of whom encounter a sign at the ticketing line trumpeting the museum’s $25 adult admission fee.
大都会博物馆大约每年能够吸引六百万游客，他们都会在售票处看到一个写着成人入场费为25美元的牌子
In smaller type just below is the word “recommended”.
其下用较小的字号注明“建议”。
As a result, some 40% of Met visitors pay the full ticket price.
事实上，大约有40%的游客支付了全额票价。
The Met has countered that its policy has been in place for more than 40 years.
大都会博物馆反驳说该规则已经运行了四十多年。
The suit raises questions about the pricing of museums across the US, which range from free to a recommended fee to mandatory ticket fee.
该案在全美范围内引起了对博物馆票价是应该实行免费、建议收费还是强制收费的广泛争议。
This is in contrast to some countries, like the UK, where all national museums are free.
这与其他国家，尤其是英国（全部国家博物馆都免费）形成了鲜明对比。
A 2011 survey of 30 top US museums by The Art Newspaper found that the root of the debate lies in a philosophical divide.
据《艺术新闻报》2011年一份面对全美顶尖的30所博物馆的调查显示，这场辩论的根源在于对哲学的认识。
In one camp are museums focused on generating revenue, while the other camp believes museums should be free community resources.
一方认为博物馆应该关注于营业收入，而另一方则认为博物馆应该是免费的公众资源。
Of the museums surveyed by the paper, nearly half do not charge general admission.
在该报所调查的博物馆中，将近一半是不收门票的。
They tended to be in smaller cities, such as Ohio’s Cleveland Museum of Art and Kansas City, Missouri’s Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art.
它们大多位于较小的城市，比如俄亥俄州的Cleveland Museum of Art和堪萨斯州的 Missouri’s Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art.
Museums in larger cities, such as New York’s Met and Boston’s Museum of Fine Arts, tended to charge high entry fees.
大城市中的博物馆，如纽约的大都会博物馆，波士顿的艺术博物馆，倾向于收取高额门票。
According to the survey, “museums in major cities – especially those that attract tourists – by and large charge for entry.
据调查结果显示：“位于主要城市的，尤其是吸引旅游者的博物馆，收取高额门票。
Their counterparts in areas with fewer international tourists or which rely on local visitors are more likely to be free because they need those visitors to return.”
而它们位于其他地区的同行，国际旅游者少或者依赖于当地游客的博物馆更可能是免费的，因为他们需要这些回头客。
In other words, a city’s “tourism desirability” can make the difference between free admission and a hefty fee.
换句话说，一个城市的“旅游者需求”会对博物馆门票免费与否产生影响。
If more museums were to adopt free admission policies, support mechanisms would need to be in place.
如果需要更多博物馆采取免费入内政策，相关支持政策将要落到实处。
Among them would be strong government grant programmes for the arts, more private donations and a revived culture of philanthropy, whereby members of the public participate in membership programs to support cultural institutions.
这需要有政府对于艺术项目的大力拨款，更多的私人捐献和慈善文化的复兴，以及公众通过参与会员计划以支持文化机构。
Until then, tourists eager for free museum admission should bypass big cities for smaller, lesser-known ones, or otherwise target free and affordable options in big cities like the Smithsonian museums in Washington DC (which uniquely have free admission as a national trust).
到那时，游客们免费参观博物馆是并不会因其所在城市的大或小、名望的高或低，否则在大城市免费的可供选择的博物馆只有华盛顿特区的史密森博物馆（作为国家信托的唯一一个免门票的博物馆）
