2020 — iOS 面试败北感悟
2022-07-11 本文已影响0人
哎呦哎呦小葵花
转自网络，笔记自用
日常扯淡
去年7月, 第一次面试大公司: 饿了么, 收到大公司的召唤非常的兴奋, 觉得自己翻身的机会终于要来了, 兴冲冲的跑去面试, 以为会和一般初级iOS面试的题目相同, 没有做任何的准备, 其实也不知道准备什么, 记得那时候聊的是:
- UI方面:
如何避免卡顿掉帧,异步渲染. - 性能方面:
性能优化,Vsync,CPU / GPU - 网络方面: 如何进行请求
缓存策略. - 安全方面:
lild重签名,Mach-O. - 前端方面: 如何避免
DOM重绘. - 后端方面: 如何进行
负载均衡的处理.
还有一些极端的情况, 由于时间久远已经记不太清了, 反正这次面试给我的感觉就是, 靠... 我简直就是个垃圾啊~ 当时记得内推我的架构师建议我扎实一下iOS的基本功, 然后就推荐了基本书: 计算机网络, 操作系统原理, HTTP权威指南, TCP/IP权威指南, 深入解析Max OS X & iOS 操作系统... 这些书, 除了HTTP权威指南我咬着牙看完了, 其他的对于我来说简直就是天书, 根本消化不良啊.
去年12月, 第二次面试大公司: 京东, 由于有了上一次的经验, 我变得非常的淡定, 知道自己肯定会被大公司所淘汰, 和优等专业生有着不可逾越的天堑, 比较吃惊的是, 进入京东的大楼需要用身份证换取临时门禁... 那时候的面试题就比饿了么的柔和的多了, 虽然当时还是回答不出.
- Runtime:
isa,消息转发,弱引用表. - Runloop:
mode,timer. - Block:
__block,__forwording. - Property:
assign,weak,copy. - Category:
assoc,load
现在想想, 这TM才是面试iOS啊, 只可惜, 那时候并不具备这些知识, 可惜了了. 之后我就对C++, ASM, Linux, 这三方面进行了学习, 也学习了些MACH-O, 逆向的相关的知识, 以备后面的面试机会.
第三次就是这周三面试第二梯队了, 我准备了所有我能够准备的面试题内容, 底层原理, 逆向安全, 多线程与锁, 内存布局, UI性能优化等, 果不其然, 足足1个小时的电话面试, 我轻松通过, 问的就是些我准备好的底层知识, 让我觉得机会终于来了, 可是.... 当我现场面试后... 题目全部是上机题...
- 设计一个网络框架, 如何进行不同数据解析的设计(header, body), 并能够进行自定义, 重连机制如何处理, 状态码错误转发机制的处理, 如何避免回调地狱, 实现
Promise的自实现. - 根据
UIControl实现UIButton.... - 找到两个排序数组的中位数...
- pow(double, double)函数的自实现....
果然,网络, UI, 算法... 好吧, 第一次做上机题, 瞬间就蒙了... 然后就是面试官在旁边不停的笑... 不停的笑... 可能是他对我友好的一种方式吧... 最后的面试结论是, 我的知识面还是比较广的, 做过的东西也是挺多的, 但是在知识深度方面还是比较欠缺.
后来得知, 他们招聘的是技术专家的职级, 觉得我的技术水平达不到要求, 不能给与录取, 当然被拒我是当场就知道了, 也觉得美团和饿了么的两次面试经历都和我的水平相差甚远... 可是, 我只是想进入大公司学习, 就一定要成为专家才行么? 现在初中高级, 资深都不需要了, 直接专家么..., 我的猎头朋友和我说, 3-1的级别就是对标阿里P6/P7, 我选择去死啊.....
有了这次的面试经验后, 我的策略也发生了改变, 不再追求大公司的光环了, 做人开心一点不好么, 非要像机器一样思考? 活的像个算法一样是不是感觉缺少了些重要的东西? 和朋友们吹吹牛逼的日子不快活么, 偏要用功学习? 这里想到了最近听到的两句话, 最好的产品体验就是要让用户不用思考, 认知即痛苦, 无知即极乐, 人真是矛盾, 价值观的一念之差, 差之毫厘失之千里啊....
面试题1 自实现pow(double, double)
这道题目上机的时候非常的蒙, 因为幂是double, 完全不知道如何下手, 面试官就降低难度使用整型.
解法1
func _pow_1(_ base: Int, _ exponent: Int) -> Int {
if exponent < 0 {
return 0
}
if exponent == 0 {
return 0
}
if exponent == 1 {
return base
}
var result = base
for _ in 1..<exponent {
result *= base
}
return result
}
然后, 第一次做算法题的我, 只能想到通过最为粗糙的办法解答, 就是一个循环, 我也知道这不是面试官所期许的答案, 但这有什么办法呢...
解法2
func _pow_2(_ base: Double, _ exponent: Int) -> Double {
if exponent < 0 {
return 0
}
if exponent == 0 {
return 0
}
var ans:Double = 1, last_pow = base, exp = exponent
while exp > 0 {
if (exp & 1) != 0 {
ans = ans * last_pow
}
exp = exp >> 1
last_pow = last_pow * last_pow
}
return ans
}
这个是我在网上翻阅资料后的另一种看似比较好的解答方式.
解法3
func _pow_3(_ base: Double, _ exponent: Int) -> Double {
var isNegative = false
var exp = exponent
if exp < 0 {
isNegative = true
exp = -exp
}
let result = _pow_2(base, exp)
return isNegative ? 1 / result : result
}
这个仅仅是加了一个负值判断.... 但是幂是double的仍然是毫无头绪, 需要请大佬和大神不吝赐教.
面试题2 findMedianSortedArrays
这是一道LeetCode的原题, 但是我至今还没有刷过算法题库... 也是平生第一次面试的时候遇到算法题. 题目的意思是找到两个排序数组的中位数.
解法1
func findMedianSortedArrays_1(_ array1: [Int], _ array2: [Int]) -> Double {
var array = [Int]()
array.append(contentsOf: array1)
array.append(contentsOf: array2)
quickSort(list: &array)
let b = array.count % 2
let c = array.count
var result = 0.0;
if b == 1 {
result = Double(array[c / 2])
} else {
let n1 = array[c / 2 - 1]
let n2 = array[c / 2]
result = Double((n1 + n2)) / 2.0
}
return result
}
第一次做算法题, 只能无视算法复杂度, 能够完成就算是不错了, 要什么自行车...
解法2
func findMedianSortedArrays_2(_ array1: [Int], _ array2: [Int]) -> Double {
let c1 = array1.count, c2 = array2.count
var a1 = array1, a2 = array2
if c1 <= 0 && c2 <= 0 {
return 0.0
}
func findKth(_ nums1: inout [Int], i: Int, _ nums2: inout [Int], j: Int, k: Int) -> Double {
if nums1.count - i > nums2.count - j {
return findKth(&nums2, i: j, &nums1, j: i, k: k)
}
if nums1.count == i {
return Double(nums2[j + k - 1])
}
if k == 1 {
return Double(min(nums1[i], nums2[j]))
}
let pa = min(i + k / 2, nums1.count), pb = j + k - pa + i
if nums1[pa - 1] < nums2[pb - 1] {
return findKth(&nums1, i: pa, &nums2, j: j, k: k - pa + i)
} else if nums1[pa - 1] > nums2[pb - 1] {
return findKth(&nums1, i: i, &nums2, j: pb, k: k - pb + j)
} else {
return Double(nums1[pa - 1])
}
}
let total = c1 + c2
if total % 2 == 1 {
return findKth(&a1, i: 0, &a2, j: 0, k: total / 2 + 1)
} else {
return (findKth(&a1, i: 0, &a2, j: 0, k: total / 2) + findKth(&a1, i: 0, &a2, j: 0, k: total / 2 + 1)) / 2.0
}
}
这个是我在网上查资料的时候的答案... 还没理清是个什么思路, 反正面试官提示分而治之, 掐头去尾... 也不知道是不是最优算法.
解法3
func findMedianSortedArrays_3(_ array1: [Int], _ array2: [Int]) -> Double {
let total = array1.count + array2.count
let index = total / 2
let count = array1.count < array2.count ? array2.count : array1.count
var array = [Int]()
var i = 0, j = 0;
for _ in 0...count {
if array.count >= index + 1 {
break
}
if array1[i] < array2[j] {
array.append(array1[i])
i += 1
} else {
array.append(array2[j])
j += 1
}
}
return total % 2 == 1 ? Double(array[index]) : Double(array[index] + array[index - 1]) * 0.5
}
这个是请教霜神(@halfrost-一缕殇流化隐半边冰霜)后给的思路, 的确很好实现. 但霜神谦虚的说不是最优解....
奇数测试
var array1 = randomList(1000001)
var array2 = randomList(1000000)
quickSort(list: &array1)
quickSort(list: &array2)
print(findMedianSortedArrays_1(array1, array2))
print(findMedianSortedArrays_2(array1, array2))
print(findMedianSortedArrays_3(array1, array2))
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays ---
500045.0
500045.0
500045.0
偶数测试
var array1 = randomList(1000001)
var array2 = randomList(1000000)
quickSort(list: &array1)
quickSort(list: &array2)
print(findMedianSortedArrays_1(array1, array2))
print(findMedianSortedArrays_2(array1, array2))
print(findMedianSortedArrays_3(array1, array2))
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays ---
499665.5
499665.5
499665.5
耗时比较
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays_1 ---
timing: 2.50845623016357
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays_2 ---
timing: 1.28746032714844e-05
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays_3 ---
timing: 0.0358490943908691
可以看出网上查资料的答案是三种解法里性能最高的算法, 霜神的思路和网上的答案差了三个数量级, 而我写的差了五个数量级.... 果然我写的果然是最为垃圾的算法....
解法4
@discardableResult func findMedianSortedArrays_4(_ array1: [Int], _ array2: [Int]) -> Double {
if array1.count == 0 {
if array2.count % 2 == 1 {
return Double(array2[array2.count / 2])
} else {
return Double(array2[array2.count / 2] + array2[array2.count / 2 - 1]) * 0.5
}
} else if array2.count == 0 {
if array1.count % 2 == 1 {
return Double(array1[array1.count / 2])
} else {
return Double(array1[array1.count / 2] + array1[array1.count / 2 - 1]) * 0.5
}
}
let total = array1.count + array2.count
let count = array1.count < array2.count ? array1.count : array2.count
let odd = total % 2 == 1
var i = 0, j = 0, f = 1, m1 = 0.0, m2 = 0.0, result = 0.0;
for _ in 0...count {
if odd { array1[i] < array2[j] ? (i += 1) : (j += 1) }
if f >= total / 2 {
if odd {
result = array1[i] < array2[j] ? Double(array1[i]) : Double(array2[j])
} else {
if array1[i] < array2[j] {
m1 = Double(array1[i])
if (i + 1) < array1.count && array1[i + 1] < array2[j] {
m2 = Double(array1[i + 1])
} else {
m2 = Double(array2[j])
}
} else {
m1 = Double(array2[j])
if (j + 1) < array2.count && array2[j + 1] < array1[i] {
m2 = Double(array2[j + 1])
} else {
m2 = Double(array1[i])
}
}
result = (m1 + m2) * 0.5
}
break
}
if !odd { array1[i] < array2[j] ? (i += 1) : (j += 1) }
f += 1
}
return result
}
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays_3 ---
timing: 0.0358932018280029
--- scope of: findMedianSortedArrays_4 ---
timing: 0.0241639614105225
沿着霜神的思路和面试官给的提示, 给出了上面的算法, 但是解法3的数量级是相同的
面试题3 UIContorl -> UIButton
protocol ButtonInterface {
func setTitle(_ title: String);
func setTitleColor(_ titleColor: UIColor);
func setTitleEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets);
func setImage(_ image: UIImage);
func setBackgroundImage(_ image: UIImage);
func setImageEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets);
}
class Button: UIControl, ButtonInterface {
}
以上就是面试时候的原题, 一开始根本不知道是要让我做些什么, 说是只要让我把上面的方法全部实现就好了, 就像实现一个自己的UIButton... 一开始, 我以为是要我用CALayer来实现, 吓的我瑟瑟发抖... 还好不是... 然后, 我就按照自己平时自定义控件的写法, 写了一个UIImageView, 一个UILabel, 然后布局赋值... 就看到面试官对着我笑着说, 你以为这道题这么简单么... 这么简单么...
然后说, 你知道UIButton setTitle的时候才会创建UILabel, setImage的时候才会创建UIImageView, 你为什么吧frame给写死... 不知道UIView有sizeToFit么, 你怎么不实现sizeThatFits, 你是完全不会用吧... 你知道UIButton用AutoLayout布局的时候只要设置origin坐标, 宽高就可以自适应了, 你自定义的时候怎么不实现呢? setBackgroundImage和setImageEdgeInsets你就不要做了吧, 反正你也不会...
我想说的是,谁没事放着UIButton不用, 用UIContorl这种东西... 就为了一个target-action的设计模式么... 我每次在想思路的时候一直打断我, 可能这是面试官的一种策略吧... 算了不吐槽了, 还是尽力实现吧.
import UIKit
protocol ButtonInterface {
func setTitle(_ title: String);
func setTitleColor(_ titleColor: UIColor);
func setTitleEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets);
func setImage(_ image: UIImage);
func setBackgroundImage(_ image: UIImage);
func setImageEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets);
}
class Button: UIControl, ButtonInterface {
lazy var titleLabel: UILabel = UILabel()
lazy var imageView: UIImageView = UIImageView()
lazy var backgroundImageView: UIImageView = UIImageView()
var titleLabelIsCreated = false
var imageViewIsCreated = false
var backgroundImageViewCreated = false
internal func setTitle(_ text: String) {
if !titleLabelIsCreated {
addSubview(titleLabel)
titleLabelIsCreated = true
}
titleLabel.text = text
}
internal func setTitleColor(_ textColor: UIColor) {
if !titleLabelIsCreated {
return
}
titleLabel.textColor = textColor
}
internal func setTitleEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets) {
if !titleLabelIsCreated {
return
}
}
internal func setImage(_ image: UIImage) {
if !imageViewIsCreated {
addSubview(imageView)
imageViewIsCreated = true
}
imageView.image = image
}
internal func setBackgroundImage(_ image: UIImage) {
if !backgroundImageViewCreated {
addSubview(backgroundImageView)
insertSubview(backgroundImageView, at: 0)
backgroundImageViewCreated = true
}
backgroundImageView.image = image
}
internal func setImageEdgeInsets(_ edgeInsets: UIEdgeInsets) {
if !imageViewIsCreated {
return
}
}
override func sizeThatFits(_ size: CGSize) -> CGSize {
if titleLabelIsCreated && !imageViewIsCreated && !backgroundImageViewCreated {
let text: NSString? = titleLabel.text as NSString?
let titleLabelW: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT), height: bounds.height), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.width ?? 0.0
let titleLabelH: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT)), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.height ?? 0.0
return CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: titleLabelH + 10)
} else if !titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
return imageView.image?.size ?? CGSize.zero
} else if titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
let text: NSString? = titleLabel.text as NSString?
let titleLabelW: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT), height: bounds.height), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.width ?? 0.0
let titleLabelH: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT)), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.height ?? 0.0
let imageViewW: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.width ?? 0.0
let imageViewH: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.height ?? 0.0
return CGSize(width: titleLabelW + imageViewW, height: imageViewH > titleLabelH ? imageViewH : titleLabelH)
} else {
return backgroundImageView.image?.size ?? CGSize.zero
}
}
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
if titleLabelIsCreated && !imageViewIsCreated {
titleLabel.frame = bounds
titleLabel.textAlignment = .center
} else if !titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
let y: CGFloat = 0;
let width: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.width ?? 0;
let x: CGFloat = (bounds.width - width) * 0.5;
let height: CGFloat = bounds.height;
imageView.frame = CGRect(x: x, y: y, width: width, height: height)
} else if titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
let imageViewY: CGFloat = 0;
let imageViewW: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.width ?? 0;
let imageViewH: CGFloat = bounds.height;
let text: NSString? = titleLabel.text as NSString?
let titleLabelW: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT), height: bounds.height), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.width ?? 0.0
let titleLabelH: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT)), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.height ?? 0.0
let imageViewX: CGFloat = (bounds.width - imageViewW - titleLabelW) * 0.5;
let titleLabelX: CGFloat = imageViewX + imageViewW
let titleLabelY = (bounds.height - titleLabelH) * 0.5
titleLabel.frame = CGRect(x: titleLabelX, y: titleLabelY, width: titleLabelW, height: titleLabelH)
imageView.frame = CGRect(x: imageViewX, y: imageViewY, width: imageViewW, height: imageViewH)
}
if backgroundImageViewCreated {
backgroundImageView.frame = bounds
}
}
}
虽然实现了部分的功能, 但是AutoLayout和EdgeInsets的功能还是没有思路, 还请各位大佬解惑.
测试对比
我们用自己自实现的Button和UIButton进行对比.
class ViewController: UIViewController {
override func loadView() {
super.loadView();
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
}
}
zero impl
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
// uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
// button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
}
setTitle && setTitleColor && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
setImage
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
// uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
// button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
setImage && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
// uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
// button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
setBackgroundImage
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
// uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
// button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
这里, 我们看到和系统的实现不一样, 因为我直接在渲染(display)设置了bitmap, 而不是像系统添加了一个新的view. 这样的性能消耗会少些... (以修改 为了下面的问题)
setBackgroundImage && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
// uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
// button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
// button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setImage
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setImage && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
// button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setBackgroundImage
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setBackgroundImage && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
// uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
// button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setImage && setBackgroundImage
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
// uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
// button.sizeToFit()
setTitle && setTitleColor && setImage && setBackgroundImage && sizeToFit
let uibutton = UIButton()
uibutton.layer.borderWidth = 1
uibutton.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
uibutton.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 100, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
uibutton.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq", for: .normal)
uibutton.setTitleColor(.red, for: .normal)
// uibutton.titleEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0)
uibutton.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
uibutton.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar"), for: .normal)
// uibutton.imageEdgeInsets = UIEdgeInsetsMake(-10, -10, -10, -10)
view.addSubview(uibutton)
uibutton.sizeToFit()
let button = Button()
button.layer.borderWidth = 1
button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
button.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 350, width: view.bounds.width, height: 40)
button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
button.setTitleColor(.red)
// button.setTitleEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage());
button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// button.setImageEdgeInsets(UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 0, 0, 0))
view.addSubview(button)
button.sizeToFit()
这道题还没有实现的就是AutoLayout和EdgeInsets, 还有就是在sizeToFit算的最佳尺寸和系统的最佳尺寸有细微出入, 还有就是UIImageView和UILabel的先后加载的问题.
update
lazy var titleLabel: UILabel = {
let titleLabel = UILabel()
titleLabel.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 18)
titleLabel.textAlignment = .center
return titleLabel
}()
对于在sizeToFit算的最佳尺寸和系统的最佳尺寸有细微出入 这个问题是UILabel的默认系统字体大小是17, 而UIButton中的titleLabel的字体大小是18.
internal func setImage(_ image: UIImage) {
if !imageViewIsCreated {
addSubview(imageView)
if titleLabelIsCreated {
insertSubview(imageView, belowSubview: titleLabel)
}
imageViewIsCreated = true
}
imageView.image = image
}
对于UIImageView和UILabel的先后加载的问题, 需要在setImage时判断titleLabel是否存在即可
现已达到完全相同, 接下来就是要解决AutoLayout和EdgeInsets的问题.
update2
通过 nib 进行创建.. 谢谢@梦痕_Lee提供的思路.
实现方法:
1.判断是否是从nib中创建
var createdFromNib = false
override init(frame: CGRect) {
super.init(frame: frame)
}
required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
super.init(coder: aDecoder)
createdFromNib = true
}
2.重写系统实现函数intrinsicContentSize并返回最佳尺寸
override var intrinsicContentSize: CGSize {
return bestSize()
}
func bestSize() -> CGSize {
if titleLabelIsCreated && !imageViewIsCreated && !backgroundImageViewCreated {
let text: NSString? = titleLabel.text as NSString?
let titleLabelW: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT), height: bounds.height), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.width ?? 0.0
let titleLabelH: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT)), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.height ?? 0.0
return CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: titleLabelH + 10)
} else if !titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
return imageView.image?.size ?? CGSize.zero
} else if titleLabelIsCreated && imageViewIsCreated {
let text: NSString? = titleLabel.text as NSString?
let titleLabelW: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT), height: bounds.height), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.width ?? 0.0
let titleLabelH: CGFloat = text?.boundingRect(with: CGSize(width: titleLabelW, height: CGFloat(MAXFLOAT)), options: NSStringDrawingOptions.usesLineFragmentOrigin, attributes: [NSAttributedStringKey.font : titleLabel.font], context: nil).size.height ?? 0.0
let imageViewW: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.width ?? 0.0
let imageViewH: CGFloat = imageView.image?.size.height ?? 0.0
return CGSize(width: titleLabelW + imageViewW, height: imageViewH > titleLabelH ? imageViewH : titleLabelH)
} else {
return backgroundImageView.image?.size ?? CGSize.zero
}
}
3.布局时判断即可
override func layoutSubviews() {
super.layoutSubviews()
if createdFromNib {
frame.size = intrinsicContentSize
}
...
}
4.测试一下, 不加sizetofit
nib_button.layer.borderWidth = 1
nib_button.layer.borderColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
nib_button.setTitle("github.com/coderZsq")
nib_button.setTitleColor(.red)
// nib_button.setTitleEdgeInsets(.zero)
nib_button.setImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
// nib_button.setBackgroundImage(UIImage(named: "avatar") ?? UIImage())
nib_button.setImageEdgeInsets(.zero)
一样的完美, 攻克了AutoLayout, 接下来就是EdgeInsets啦~~~
update3
一直理解错了, intrinsicContentSize这个方法是在添加约束后生效, 不管是nib还是手动约束, 都会生效.
所以update2中只需实现第二步即可, 并不需要其他的判断.
面试题4 网络架构实现
这道题真是戳中我的软肋, 网络与多线程是我最为薄弱的地方, 现在对线程的理解应该已经不错了, 但是网络还是有所欠缺的, 所以, 我会在今后学习Linux和精读AFNetWorking && SDWebImage后, 自己写一个网络架构来进行自我提升.
面试总结
对于两道算法题, 我没有什么太多想讲的, 技不如人吧, 可是算法题这种东西在iOS上用处其实不是很大, 我就不信那些没有刷过算法题的同学, 面对一道从没有见过的算法题能够一下子从容的写出最优解的. 还有就是UI的那道题目, 坑吧, 谁会去放着好好的现成的不用, 去恶心自己, 还一定要一样... 我都问过面试官好几遍, 到底想要做什么功能... 回答只有, 我不在乎你怎么写, 只要和系统的一样就好了.... 产品附体了么....
好吧... 技不如人, 被挂了也是理所当然... 不会找什么借口... 听美团的朋友说, 现在只招技术专家, 其他低职级的名额紧缩都不招了... 诶... 随缘吧...
最后 本文中所有的源码都可以在github上找到:
GitHub Repo：coderZsq.target.swift
Follow: coderZsq · GitHub
Resume: coderzsq.github.io/coderZsq.we…
