spring(七):注解注入(上)

2019-10-29  本文已影响0人  一个_人鸭

实现注解相对于set注入和构造器注入是要麻烦一些的。但也有很多相似的地方。首先我们要解决的是怎么把一个包下的class扫描生成resource。具体的xml如下:

    <context:component-scan base-package="org.litespring.service.v4,org.litespring.dao.v4">
    </context:component-scan>

首先我们来写一个单元测试:

    @Test
    public void testGetResources() throws IOException{
        PackageResourceLoader loader = new PackageResourceLoader();//扫描包
        //把参数目录进行扫描,同时转成FileSystemResource,存放到Resource[size]里面。
        Resource[] resources = loader.getResources("org.litespring.dao.v4");
        System.out.println(resources.length);
        Assert.assertEquals(2,resources.length);
    }

根据测试用例可以看出来,我们需要一个PackageResourceLoader类来解析我们的xml,把class转变成resource。

public class PackageResourceLoader {

    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(PackageResourceLoader.class);

    private final ClassLoader classLoader;

    public PackageResourceLoader(){
        this.classLoader = ClassUtils.getDefaultClassLoader();
    }

    /**
     * 可以指定加载的classLoader
     * @param classLoader
     */
    public PackageResourceLoader(ClassLoader classLoader){
        this.classLoader = classLoader;
    }

    /**
     * 获取当前classLoader
     * @return
     */
    public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
        return this.classLoader;
    }

    /**
     * 获取Resource[]
     * @param basePackage 需要用到的包
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public Resource[] getResources(String basePackage)throws IOException{
        Assert.notNull(basePackage , "basePackage must not be null ");
        String location = ClassUtils.convertClassNameToResourcePath(basePackage);//对传入的目录进行字符串转换
        ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader();//获取当前的classLoader
        URL url = cl.getResource(location);//使用当前classLoader加载该目录
        File rootDir = new File(url.getFile());//根据url,生成文件
        //对文件进行遍历,可能传入的是多层文件夹,一层一层取出全部文件,存入到LinkedHashSet中
        Set<File> matchingFiles = retrieveMatchingFiles(rootDir);
        //创建matchingFiles大笑的Resource[]
        Resource[] result = new Resource[matchingFiles.size()];
        int i = 0 ;
        //根据文件生成FileSystemResource
        for (File file : matchingFiles){
            result[i++] = new FileSystemResource(file);
        }
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * 对文件进行遍历,可能传入的是多层文件夹,一层一层取出全部文件,存入到LinkedHashSet中
     * @param rootDir 文件地址
     * @return 返回全部文件Set
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected Set<File> retrieveMatchingFiles(File rootDir)throws IOException{
        if (!rootDir.exists()){
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()){
                logger.debug("Skipping [" + rootDir.getAbsolutePath() + "] because it does not exist");
            }
            return Collections.emptySet();
        }
        if (!rootDir.isDirectory()){
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()){
                logger.warn("Skipping [" + rootDir.getAbsolutePath() + "] because it does not denote a directory");
            }
            return Collections.emptySet();
        }
        if (!rootDir.canRead()){
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()){
                logger.warn("Cannot search for matching files underneath directory [" + rootDir.getAbsolutePath()
                        + "] because the application is not allowed to read the directory" );
            }
            return Collections.emptySet();
        }
        Set<File> result = new LinkedHashSet<File>(8);
        //对该文件进行真正的取出
        doRetrieveMatchingFiles(rootDir,result);
        return result;

    }

    /**
     * 取出全部文件
     * @param dir
     * @param result
     * @throws IOException
     */
    protected void doRetrieveMatchingFiles(File dir ,Set<File> result)throws IOException{
        File[] dirContents = dir.listFiles();//得到该目录下全部文件
        if (dirContents == null){//如果是空,则警告!!!
            if (logger.isWarnEnabled()){
                logger.warn("Could not retrieve contents of directory [" + dir.getAbsolutePath() + "]" );
            }
            return;
        }
        for (File content : dirContents){//进行遍历
            if (content.isDirectory()){//如果是文件夹递归调用
                if (!content.canRead()){
                    if (logger.isDebugEnabled()){
                        logger.debug("Skipping subdirectory [" + dir.getAbsolutePath() +
                                "] because the application is not allowed to read the directory");
                    }
                }else {
                    doRetrieveMatchingFiles(content,result);
                }
            }else {//是文件则加入到result中
                result.add(content);
            }
        }
    }

}

这段代码简单的说就是遍历该目录,把目录下所有文件都转换成resource。由于扫描出来的resource过多,spring采用一种性能更好的方式进行解析,采用asm解析。Asm可以在运行期动态读取变更字节码。先给出代码,后面会解释asm的具体用法。下面是解析resource的测试用例

    @Test
    public void testGetClassMetaData()throws IOException{
        //根据class生成resource
        ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("org/litespring/service/v4/PetStoreService.class");
        //通过classReader读取字节流
        ClassReader reader = new ClassReader(resource.getInputStream());
        //实现自己的Vistitor为了让Asm把解析好的类通过ClassReader回调Vistitor的方式通知我们
        ClassMetadataReadingVisitor visitor = new ClassMetadataReadingVisitor();
        //ClassReader回调创建的这个visitor
        reader.accept(visitor , ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG);
        Assert.assertFalse(visitor.isAbstract());
        Assert.assertFalse(visitor.isInterface());
        Assert.assertFalse(visitor.isFinal());
        Assert.assertEquals("org.litespring.service.v4.PetStoreService", visitor.getClassName());
        Assert.assertEquals("java.lang.Object", visitor.getSuperClassName());
        Assert.assertEquals(0, visitor.getInterfaceNames().length);
    }

asm实际上是访问者(visitor)模式,把上面扫描生成的resource传递给Asm框架的ClassReader进行解析,每当解析好了就调用咱们写的ClassMetadataReadingVisitor的visitor方法。asm的jar包上传到git上了。接下来我们看一下ClassMetadataReadingVisitor的具体实现吧。

public class ClassMetadataReadingVisitor extends ClassVisitor  {

    private String className;

    private boolean isInterface;

    private boolean isAbstract;

    private boolean isFinal;

    private String superClassName;

    private String[] interfaces;



    public ClassMetadataReadingVisitor() {
        super( SpringAsmInfo.ASM_VERSION);
    }


    /**
     * classReader回掉的方法
     * @param version
     * @param access
     * @param name
     * @param signature
     * @param supername
     * @param interfaces
     */
    public void visit(int version, int access, String name, String signature, String supername, String[] interfaces) {
        this.className = ClassUtils.convertResourcePathToClassName(name);//获取className
        this.isInterface = ((access & Opcodes.ACC_INTERFACE) != 0);//获取接口
        this.isAbstract = ((access & Opcodes.ACC_ABSTRACT) != 0);//是否是抽象的
        this.isFinal = ((access & Opcodes.ACC_FINAL) != 0);//是否是Final
        if (supername != null) {//父类不为空
            this.superClassName = ClassUtils.convertResourcePathToClassName(supername);
        }
        this.interfaces = new String[interfaces.length];
        for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
            this.interfaces[i] = ClassUtils.convertResourcePathToClassName(interfaces[i]);
        }
    }


    public String getClassName() {
        return this.className;
    }

    public boolean isInterface() {
        return this.isInterface;
    }

    public boolean isAbstract() {
        return this.isAbstract;
    }

    public boolean isConcrete() {
        return !(this.isInterface || this.isAbstract);
    }

    public boolean isFinal() {
        return this.isFinal;
    }


    public boolean hasSuperClass() {
        return (this.superClassName != null);
    }

    public String getSuperClassName() {
        return this.superClassName;
    }

    public String[] getInterfaceNames() {
        return this.interfaces;
    }

}

上面的测试用例是通过asm解析给定的java类,可以成功解析出内容,接下来我们来解析java类的注解内容。接下来我给出测试用例:

    public void testGetAnnonation() throws Exception{
        ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource("org/litespring/service/v4/PetStoreService.class");
        ClassReader reader = new ClassReader(resource.getInputStream());
        //注解的visitor
        AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor visitor = new AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor();
        reader.accept(visitor, ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG);
        String annotation = "org.litespring.stereotype.Component";
        //判断vistor取得的注解
        Assert.assertTrue(visitor.hasAnnotation(annotation));
        //获取vistor取得注解的实体
        AnnotationAttributes attributes = visitor.getAnnotationAttributes(annotation);

        Assert.assertEquals("petStore", attributes.get("value"));

    }

这里为了解析注解,用到了一个新的类AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor重写了 visitAnnotation方法:

public class AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor extends ClassMetadataReadingVisitor  {

    private final Set<String> annotationSet = new LinkedHashSet<>(4);
    private final Map<String, AnnotationAttributes> attributeMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, AnnotationAttributes>(4);

    public AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor() {

    }
    @Override
    public AnnotationVisitor visitAnnotation(final String desc, boolean visible) {

        String className = Type.getType(desc).getClassName();//获取注解类
        this.annotationSet.add(className);
        return new AnnotationAttributesReadingVisitor(className, this.attributeMap);
    }
    public Set<String> getAnnotationTypes() {
        return this.annotationSet;
    }

    public boolean hasAnnotation(String annotationType) {
        return this.annotationSet.contains(annotationType);
    }

    public AnnotationAttributes getAnnotationAttributes(String annotationType) {
        return this.attributeMap.get(annotationType);
    }

}

实现以上便可以运行成功上述的测试用例了。而日常的开发让我们使用这么底层的东西其实是不太好的。我们需要对它进一步的封装,这里抽象出来了三个接口MetadataReader、ClassMetadata、AnnotationMetadata,让原有ClassMetadataReadingVisitor实现ClassMetaData,AnnotationMetadataReadingVisitor实现AnnotationMetadata,同时实现一个SimpleMetadataReader实现MetadataReader,以后只需要使用MetadataXXX类就可以了。具体的代码查看litespring_07


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