暗黑模式适配

适配点

• 不同模式的适配主要涉及颜色和图片两个方面的适配
• 其中颜色适配包括相关背景色和字体颜色

相关API

各种枚举值

typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIUserInterfaceStyle) {
    UIUserInterfaceStyleUnspecified,
    UIUserInterfaceStyleLight,
    UIUserInterfaceStyleDark,
} API_AVAILABLE(tvos(10.0)) API_AVAILABLE(ios(12.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
    UIUserInterfaceStyle mode = UITraitCollection.currentTraitCollection.userInterfaceStyle;
    if (mode == UIUserInterfaceStyleDark) {
        NSLog(@"深色模式");
    } else if (mode == UIUserInterfaceStyleLight) {
        NSLog(@"浅色模式");
    } else {
        NSLog(@"未知模式");
    }
}

监听系统的模式变化
在iOS13系统中，UIViewController遵循两个协议：UITraitEnvironment和UIContentContainer协议
在UITraitEnvironment协议中, 为我们提供了一个监听当前模式变化的方法

@protocol UITraitEnvironment <NSObject>
// 当前模式
@property (nonatomic, readonly) UITraitCollection *traitCollection API_AVAILABLE(ios(8.0));

// 重写该方法监听模式的改变
- (void)traitCollectionDidChange:(nullable UITraitCollection *)previousTraitCollection API_AVAILABLE(ios(8.0));
@end

适配两个方面

1. 颜色适配

1.1UIColor

• iOS13之前UIColor只能表示一种颜色，从iOS13开始UIColor是一个动态的颜色，在不同模式下可以分别代表不同的颜色
• 下面是iOS13系统提供的动态颜色种类, 使用以下颜色值, 在模式切换时, 则不需要做特殊处理

@interface UIColor (UIColorSystemColors)
#pragma mark System colors

@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemRedColor          API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGreenColor        API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBlueColor         API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemOrangeColor       API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemYellowColor       API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemPinkColor         API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemPurpleColor       API_AVAILABLE(ios(9.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemTealColor         API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemIndigoColor       API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
// 灰色种类, 在Light模式下, systemGray6Color更趋向于白色
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGrayColor         API_AVAILABLE(ios(7.0), tvos(9.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray2Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray3Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray4Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray5Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGray6Color        API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);

#pragma mark Foreground colors
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *labelColor              API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondaryLabelColor     API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiaryLabelColor      API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternaryLabelColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
// 系统链接的前景色
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *linkColor               API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
// 占位文字的颜色
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *placeholderTextColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
// 边框或者分割线的颜色
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *separatorColor          API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *opaqueSeparatorColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

#pragma mark Background colors
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemBackgroundColor                   API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemBackgroundColor          API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemBackgroundColor           API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemGroupedBackgroundColor            API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor   API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemGroupedBackgroundColor    API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);

#pragma mark Fill colors
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *systemFillColor                         API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *secondarySystemFillColor                API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *tertiarySystemFillColor                 API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);
@property (class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *quaternarySystemFillColor               API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos, watchos);

#pragma mark Other colors
// 这两个是非动态颜色值
@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *lightTextColor API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos);    // for a dark background
@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *darkTextColor API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos);     // for a light background

@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *groupTableViewBackgroundColor API_DEPRECATED_WITH_REPLACEMENT("systemGroupedBackgroundColor", ios(2.0, 13.0), tvos(13.0, 13.0));
@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *viewFlipsideBackgroundColor API_DEPRECATED("", ios(2.0, 7.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos);
@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *scrollViewTexturedBackgroundColor API_DEPRECATED("", ios(3.2, 7.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos);
@property(class, nonatomic, readonly) UIColor *underPageBackgroundColor API_DEPRECATED("", ios(5.0, 7.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(tvos);

@end

• 上面系统提供的这些颜色种类, 根本不能满足我们正常开发的需要, 大部分的颜色值也都是自定义
• 系统也为我们提供了创建自定义颜色的方法

+ (UIColor *)colorWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *traitCollection))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);
- (UIColor *)initWithDynamicProvider:(UIColor * (^)(UITraitCollection *traitCollection))dynamicProvider API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), tvos(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

• 上面的方法接受一个闭包(block)
• 当系统在LightMode和DarkMode之间相互切换时就会自动触发此回调
• 回调返回一个UITraitCollection, 可根据改对象判断是那种模式

1.2 CGColor

• UIColor只是设置背景色和文字颜色的类, 可以动态的设置
• 可是如果是需要设置类似边框颜色等属性时, 又该如何处理呢
• 设置上述边框属性, 需要用到CGColor类, 但是在iOS13中CGColor并不是动态颜色值, 只能表示一种颜色
• 在监听模式改变的方法中traitCollectionDidChange, 根据不同的模式进行处理

override func traitCollectionDidChange(_ previousTraitCollection: UITraitCollection?) {
    super.traitCollectionDidChange(previousTraitCollection)
    
    // 每次模式改变的时候, 这里都会执行
    if (previousTraitCollection?.userInterfaceStyle == .dark) {
        redView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
    } else {
        redView.layer.borderColor = UIColor.green.cgColor
    }
}

2. 图片适配

• 在iOS中, 图片基本都是放在Assets.xcassets里面, 所以图片的适配, 我们就相对麻烦一些了

• 正常情况下都是下面这中处理方式

  
  image.png

需要适配不同模式的情况下, 需要两套不同的图片, 并做如下设置
在设置Appearances时, 我们选择Any, Dark就可以了(只需要适配深色模式和非深色模式)

image.png

特殊情况处理

1. 当前页面

• 原项目中如果没有适配Dark Mode, 当你切换到Dark Mode后, 你可能会发现, 有些部分页面的颜色自动适配了
• 未设置过背景颜色或者文字颜色的组件, 在Dark Mode模式下, 就是黑色的
• 这里我们就需要真对该单独App强制设置成Light Mode模式

// 设置改属性, 只会影响当前的视图, 不会影响前面的controller和后续present的controller
@available(iOS 13.0, *)
open var overrideUserInterfaceStyle: UIUserInterfaceStyle

// 使用示例
override func traitCollectionDidChange(_ previousTraitCollection: UITraitCollection?) {
    super.traitCollectionDidChange(previousTraitCollection)
    
    // 每次模式改变的时候, 这里都会执行
    if (previousTraitCollection?.userInterfaceStyle == .dark) {
        // 在Dark模式下, 强制改成Light模式
        overrideUserInterfaceStyle = .light
    }
}

2.强制项目的显示模式

• 上面这种方式只能针对某一个页面修改, 如果需要对整个项目禁用Dark模式
• 可以通过修改window的overrideUserInterfaceStyle属性
• 在Xcode11创建的项目中,window从AppDelegate移到SceneDelegate中, 添加下面这段代码, 就会做到全局修改显示模式

let scene = UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes.first?.delegate as? SceneDelegate
scene?.window?.overrideUserInterfaceStyle = .light

终极方案

• 需要在info.plist文件中添加User Interface Style配置, 并设置为Light

<key>UIUserInterfaceStyle</key>
<string>Light</string>

Status Bar更新

在iOS13中苹果对于Status Bar也做了部分修改, 在iOS13之前

public enum UIStatusBarStyle : Int {
    case `default` // 默认文字黑色

    @available(iOS 7.0, *)
    case lightContent // 文字白色
}

从iOS13开始UIStatusBarStyle一共有三种状态

public enum UIStatusBarStyle : Int {
    case `default` // 自动选择黑色或白色

    @available(iOS 7.0, *)
    case lightContent // 文字白色
    
    @available(iOS 13.0, *)
    case darkContent // 文字黑色
}