12.9雅思写作

AD结尾段(30-40)

• conclusion 1
  restate position+summarize reasons

In conclusion, I reaffirm my conviction that...in that...and...
不能完全重复第一段内容，可适当改写

• conclusion 2
  观点偏、题目中存在选项——表达观点+建议结尾
  in conclusion, my view is that...
  however, it is recommended that...

特殊题型

• 绝对词
  形容词副词的最高级 the most important
  概念绝对的形容词 only never every no

*出现绝对词的题推荐写disagree
*第二段作为承认最高级别的一般级别
*正面举例字数不够的话，利用假设或对比进行反面举例
例：salary
A: 工资最重要+其他不那么重要
D: 工资一般重要+其他更重要

• 题目分为两个部分
  文章开头段：两个部分都要回应
  while I agree that...I do not agree that...

positive or negative

Is this a positive or negative development?

• the proportion of older people is steadily increasing
  开头：更大的挑战
  body1: 对政府的经济压力
  body2: 年轻人的责任压力
  body3: 经济衰退
  conclusion

advantages outweigh disadvantages

Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

• it is better for children to begin learning a foreign at primary school rather than secondary school
  开头
  body1: 头脑更加容易接受
  body2: flexible timetable
  body3: disadvantages 教学质量，对初中的sequent learning
  conclusion

*优点和缺点都要提到，哪个多就多加一段
*对比举例 unlike adolescents

评分标准

• task response：时间和字数，完全回应题目的问题
• coherence and cohesion：分段、连接
• lexical resource：多样性（同义转换 词性转换 固定搭配）
• grammar range and accuracy：语法正确（时态语态、句意完整）、句型多变（简单复杂句混合、多种语法结构）

coherence:
（1）结构
递进：firstly - in addition/what's more - more importantly
平行：firstly - secondly - finally
重要递减：primarily - apart from that - at last
（2）
thesis
evidence：原因/结果、代词、which非限定从
example

lexical：
get - obtain, gain, acquire
know - be informed about, have a good understanding of

vocabulary
facilitate
inhibit
self-consciousness
exposure
innate
harness

Argument

1. 审题：
   （1）抓出题目中讨论的话题
   （2）两方说法
   （3）根据两方说法需要回答什么
   （4）自己的看法

• Topic: medical costs
  A: free for everyone / B: paid by individuals
  Discussion
  双方观点不是完全矛盾的情况下，选择两方观点的结和

2. 结构
   开头段：引出话题+表达看法
   body1: 讨论A
   body2: 讨论B（两段都要客观讨论，没有I, we, you, 而是they）
   结尾段：我的看法

字数：40+100+100+50

3. 提纲

• healthcare and education: government? citizens?

  
  example

Introduction

• paraphrase the topic
• my opinion

(1)paraphrase
方式1:换句子结构
some people argue for...claiming that...while others show their preference for...
方式2:抓主题 背景化
（主语从句）...draws the attention of the public. Some claim that...while others show their preference for...
(2)表达自己的观点
in my opinion...
my view is that...
I contend that...

alternative
implement
augment 增加