内核与硬件管理

2017-07-10 本文已影响21人尘曦的雨

proc目录及文件下的子系统

proc可以查看进程的信息

临时设置让其他主机禁ping功能

修改该文件永久设置内存里的相关设置

# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux
#
# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled.  See sysctl(8) and
# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.
#
# Use '/sbin/sysctl -a' to list all possible parameters.

# Controls IP packet forwarding
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0  #0表示关闭路由转发功能
# Controls source route verification
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

# Do not accept source routing
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

# Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel
kernel.sysrq = 0

# Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename.
# Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications.
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1

# Controls the use of TCP syncookies
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue
kernel.msgmnb = 65536

# Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes
kernel.msgmax = 65536   内存相关设置信息

# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736   最大共享段尺寸字节为单位   默认最大64G控制内存使用情况

# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages
kernel.shmall = 4294967296   表示一页为单位

修改该文件后让它马上生效执行“sysctl -p”命令让它马上生效

查看当前生效的值-a查看所有

这个值如果要设置成1的话；表示不接受ARP广播；0的接受ARP广播

、
这个表示所有都不接受ARP广播

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这个如果设置成1表示自己设置的ip地址也不告诉其他主机

释放缓存

设置禁ping功能

7更改内核的配置
在此目录下设置相关的文件

加载文件

更改设备名起个名

起个名
参考系统的格式

格式如下

显示所有模块

usb模块名称

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手工加载USB模块

搜索模块名

卸载模块命令、

-挂载模块用此命令不用写ko

lsmod与该文件显示的内容一样

[root@chenxi ~]# lsmod 
Module                  Size  Used by
nls_utf8                1455  1 
fuse                   79892  2 
rfcomm                 71047  4 
sco                    17493  2 
bridge                 85706  0 
bnep                   16370  2 
l2cap                  54210  16 rfcomm,bnep      表示i后面依赖前面的
autofs4                27000  3 
8021q                  20475  0 
garp                    7152  1 8021q
stp                     2218  2 bridge,garp
llc                     5418  3 bridge,garp,stp
ipt_REJECT              2383  2 
nf_conntrack_ipv4       9186  2 
nf_defrag_ipv4          1483  1 nf_conntrack_ipv4
iptable_filter          2793  1 
ip_tables              17895  1 iptable_filter
ip6t_REJECT             4372  2 
nf_conntrack_ipv6       7985  3 
nf_defrag_ipv6         26468  1 nf_conntrack_ipv6
xt_state                1492  5 
nf_conntrack           79537  3 nf_conntrack_ipv4,nf_conntrack_ipv6,xt_state
ip6table_filter         2889  1 
ip6_tables             18796  1 ip6table_filter
ib_ipoib               80839  0 
rdma_ucm               15739  0 
ib_ucm                 12328  0 
ib_uverbs              40372  2 rdma_ucm,ib_ucm
ib_umad                13487  0 
rdma_cm                36555  1 rdma_ucm
ib_cm                  36900  3 ib_ipoib,ib_ucm,rdma_cm
iw_cm                  32976  1 rdma_cm
ib_sa                  24092  4 ib_ipoib,rdma_ucm,rdma_cm,ib_cm
ib_mad                 41340  3 ib_umad,ib_cm,ib_sa
ib_core                82732  10 ib_ipoib,rdma_ucm,ib_ucm,ib_uverbs,ib_umad,rdma_cm,ib_cm,iw_cm,ib_sa,ib_mad
ib_addr                 8304  3 rdma_ucm,rdma_cm,ib_core
ipv6                  336368  34 bridge,ip6t_REJECT,nf_conntrack_ipv6,nf_defrag_ipv6,ib_ipoib,ib_addr

查看指定模块的详细

[root@chenxi ~]# modinfo ext4
filename: /lib/modules/2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64/kernel/fs/ext4/ext4.ko
license: GPL
description: Fourth Extended Filesystem
author: Remy Card, Stephen Tweedie, Andrew Morton, Andreas Dilger, Theodore Ts'o and others
srcversion: 74AEE2BDA63AC8482A78F4D
depends: mbcache,jbd2
vermagic: 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 SMP mod_unload modversions
[root@chenxi ~]# modinfo -n ext4 只显示模块路径
/lib/modules/2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64/kernel/fs/ext4/ext4.ko