通过Atlas实现MySQL读写分离

前期准备

准备4台机器，系统为CentOS release 6.6

Ip分别为192.168.20.121、192.168.20.122、192.168.20.123、192.168.20.124

4台机器分别作为Atlas代理服务，master MySQL，slave MySQL 1，slave MySQL 2

下载QiHoo360的Atlas 地址

安装Atlas

下载得到Atlas-XX.el6.x86_64.rpm安装文件

sudo rpm –i Atlas-XX.el6.x86_64.rpm安装

安装在/usr/local/mysql-proxy

安装目录分析

bin

可执行文件

encrypt用来加密密码，后面会用到

mysql-proxy是MySQL自己的读写分离代理

mysql-proxyd操作Atlas

VERSION

conf

test.cnf配置文件

一个文件为一个实例，实例名即文件名，启动需要带上这个实例名

lib依赖包

log记录日志

启动命令：/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd [实例名] start

停止命令：/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd [实例名] stop

同理，restart为重启，status为查看状态

配置文件解释

请查看官方文档

数据库配置

1台master2台slave，都要配置相同的用户名密码，且都要可以远程访问分别进入3台服务器，创建相同的用户名密码，创建数据库test，设置权限

CREATE USER 'test'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'test123';

CREATE USER 'test'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'test123';

grant all privileges on test.* to 'test'@'%' identified by 'test123';

grant all privileges on test.* to 'test'@'localhost' identified by 'test123';

flush privileges;

主从数据库配置

配置master服务器

找到MySQL配置文件my.cnf，一般在etc目录下修改配置文件

[mysqld]

# 一些其他配置

...

#主从复制配置

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1

sync_binlog=1

#需要备份的数据库

binlog-do-db=test

#不需要备份的数据库

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

#启动二进制文件log-bin=mysql-bin

#服务器IDserver-id=1

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

重启数据库service mysql restart

进入数据库，配置主从复制的权限

mysql -uroot -p123456

grant replication slave on.to 'test'@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'test123';

查看主数据库信息，记住下面的File与Position的信息，它们是用来配置从数据库的关键信息。

mysql> show master status;

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

| mysql-bin.000002 | 17620976 | test | mysql |

+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

配置两台salve服务器

找到配置文件my.cnf修改配置文件如下

[mysqld]

# 一些其他配置

...

# 几台服务器不能一样server-id=2

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

进入数据库，配置从数据库的信息，这里输入刚才记录下来的File与Position的信息，并且在从服务器上执行(执行的时候，#行不要复制进去)：

# master数据库的ip

mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.20.122',

# master的用户名        master_user='buck',        # 密码        master_password='hello',        # 端口        master_port=3306,        # master数据库的`File `        master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002',        # master数据库的`Position`        master_log_pos=17620976,        master_connect_retry=10;

启动进程

mysql> start slave;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

检查主从复制状态，要看到下列Slave_IO_Running、Slave_SQL_Running的信息中，两个都是Yes，才说明主从连接正确，如果有一个是No，需要重新确定刚才记录的日志信息，停掉“stop slave”重新进行配置主从连接。

mysql> show slave status G;

1. row**

Slave_IO_State:WaitingformastertosendeventMaster_Host:192.168.246.134Master_User:buckMaster_Port:3306Connect_Retry:10Master_Log_File:mysql-bin.000002Read_Master_Log_Pos:17620976Relay_Log_File:mysqld-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos:251Relay_Master_Log_File:mysql-bin.000002Slave_IO_Running:YesSlave_SQL_Running:YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno:0Last_Error:Skip_Counter:0Exec_Master_Log_Pos:17620976Relay_Log_Space:407Until_Condition:NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos:0Master_SSL_Allowed:NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master:0

Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No

Last_IO_Errno:0Last_IO_Error:Last_SQL_Errno:0Last_SQL_Error:

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:

No query specified

Atlas配置

使用Atlas的加密工具对上面用户的密码进行加密

/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt test123

29uENYYsKLo=

配置atlas

这是用来登录到Atlas的管理员的账号与密码，与之对应的是Atlas监听的管理接口IP和端口，也就是说需要设置管理员登录的端口，才能进入管理员界面，默认端口是2345，也可以指定IP登录，指定IP后，其他的IP无法访问管理员的命令界面。方便测试，我这里没有指定IP和端口登录。配置主数据的地址与从数据库的地址，这里配置的主数据库是122，从数据库是123、124

#Atlas后端连接的MySQL主库的IP和端口，可设置多项，用逗号分隔

proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.20.122:3306

#Atlas后端连接的MySQL从库的IP和端口，@后面的数字代表权重，用来作负载均衡，若省略则默认为1，可设置多项，用逗号分隔

proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.20.123:3306@1,192.168.20.124:3306@2

这个是用来配置MySQL的账户与密码的，就是上面创建的用户，用户名是test,密码是test123,刚刚使用Atlas提供的工具生成了对应的加密密码

pwds = buck:RePBqJ+5gI4=启动Atlas

root[@localhost/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin]# ./mysql-proxyd test start

OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started

测试

进入atlas的管理界面

root[@localhost~]#mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P2345 -uuser -ppwd

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> select * from help;

+----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| command | description |

+----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

| SELECT * FROM help | shows this help |

| SELECT * FROM backends | lists the backends and their state |

| SET OFFLINE $backend_id | offline backend server, $backend_id is backend_ndx's id |

| SET ONLINE $backend_id | online backend server, ... |

| ADD MASTER $backend | example: "add master 127.0.0.1:3306", ... |

| ADD SLAVE $backend | example: "add slave 127.0.0.1:3306", ... |

| REMOVE BACKEND $backend_id | example: "remove backend 1", ... |

| SELECT * FROM clients | lists the clients |

| ADD CLIENT $client | example: "add client 192.168.1.2", ... |

| REMOVE CLIENT $client | example: "remove client 192.168.1.2", ... |

| SELECT * FROM pwds | lists the pwds |

| ADD PWD $pwd | example: "add pwd user:raw_password", ... |

| ADD ENPWD $pwd | example: "add enpwd user:encrypted_password", ... |

| REMOVE PWD $pwd | example: "remove pwd user", ... |

| SAVE CONFIG | save the backends to config file |

| SELECT VERSION | display the version of Atlas |

+----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+

16 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>使用工作接口来访问

[root@localhost ~]#mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P1234 -utest -ptest123

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.

Your MySQL connection id is 34

Server version: 5.0.81-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.

Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;

+--------------------+

| Database |

+--------------------+

| information_schema |

| mysql |

| performance_schema |

| test |

+--------------------+

4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

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